Zopereka zathupi: momwe zimachitikira komanso ndani angapereke

Zamkati

• Ndani angapereke ziwalo
• Ndani sangapereke
• Momwe kumuika kumachitikira
• Zomwe zingaperekedwe m'moyo
• Chiwindi
• Impso
• M'mafupa
• Magazi

Zopereka zathupi zimapangidwa kuchokera kuchotsedwa kwa chiwalo kapena minofu kuchokera kwa wopereka mwaufulu kapena kuchokera kwa munthu yemwe adamwalira ndikulola kuchotsedwa kwa ziwalo zawo ndikuziyika kwa munthu amene akufuna chiwalo chimenecho kuti apitilize moyo wanu.

Kuti mukhale wopereka ziwalo ku Brazil, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa banja za chikhumbo ichi, popeza palibe chifukwa choti chikhale cholembedwera. Pakadali pano ndizotheka kupereka impso, chiwindi, mtima, kapamba ndi mapapo, komanso zotupa monga cornea, khungu, mafupa, chichereŵechereŵe, magazi, mavavu amtima ndi mafupa.

Ziwalo zina, monga impso kapena chidutswa cha chiwindi, mwachitsanzo, zitha kuperekedwa m'moyo, komabe ziwalo zambiri zomwe zitha kuikidwa zimangotengedwa kuchokera kwa anthu omwe atsimikizira kufa kwaubongo.

Ndani angapereke ziwalo

Pafupifupi anthu onse athanzi amatha kupereka ziwalo ndi ziwalo, ngakhale atakhala amoyo, chifukwa ziwalo zina zitha kugawidwa. Komabe, zopereka zambiri zimachitika ngati:

• Imfa yaubongo, ndipamene ubongo umasiya kugwira ntchito, ndipo pachifukwa ichi, munthu samachira. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha ngozi, kugwa kapena kudwala sitiroko. Poterepa, ziwalo ndi ziwalo zonse zathanzi zitha kuperekedwa;
• Pambuyo pomangidwa kwamtima, monga infarction kapena arrhythmias: pamenepa, atha kungopereka minofu, monga cornea, ziwiya, khungu, mafupa ndi minyewa, chifukwa momwe kufalikira kunayimitsidwa kwakanthawi, izi zitha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo, monga monga mtima ndi impso, mwachitsanzo;
• Anthu omwe anafera kunyumba, amatha kupereka ziphuphu zokha, ndipo mpaka maola 6 atamwalira, chifukwa kuyimitsidwa kwa magazi kumatha kuwononga ziwalo zina, ndikuyika pachiwopsezo moyo wa yemwe angaulandire;
• Pankhani ya anencephaly, ndipamene mwana amakhala ndi vuto ndipo alibe ubongo: pamenepa, amakhala ndi moyo waufupi ndipo, atatsimikizira kuti amwalira, ziwalo zake zonse ndi ziwalo zake zitha kuperekedwa kwa ana ena omwe akusowa thandizo.

Palibe malire azaka zoperekera ziwalo, koma ndikofunikira kuti zizigwira bwino ntchito, chifukwa thanzi la woperekayo ndi lomwe liziwone ngati ziwalo ndi ziwalozo zitha kuikidwa kapena ayi.

Ndani sangapereke

Zopereka za ziwalo ndi ziphuphu siziloledwa kwa anthu omwe amwalira chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana kapena omwe awononga kwambiri thupi, chifukwa ntchito ya gululo imatha kusokonekera kapena matendawa atha kusamutsidwa kwa munthu yemwe alandire chiwalocho.

Chifukwa chake, zoperekazo sizikuwonetsedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso kapena chiwindi, mtima kapena mapapo kulephera, chifukwa panthawiyi pamakhala kufooka kwakukulu kwa kayendedwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ka ziwalozi, kuwonjezera pa khansa yomwe ili ndi metastasis komanso yopatsirana komanso kufalikira Matenda, monga HIV., hepatitis B, C kapena matenda a Chagas, mwachitsanzo. Kuphatikiza apo, zopereka zamagulu zimatsutsana pakagwa matenda akulu ndi mabakiteriya kapena ma virus omwe afika m'magazi.

Zopereka zamagulu zimatsutsidwanso ngati woperekayo ali chikomokere. Komabe, ngati kufa kwaubongo kutsimikiziridwa pambuyo pa mayeso ena, ndalamazo zitha kupangidwa.

Momwe kumuika kumachitikira

Atalandira chilolezo kuchokera kwa woperekayo kapena banja lake, ayesedwa kuti awone momwe alili ndi thanzi lake komanso momwe angawathandizire. Kuchotsa limba kumachitika mchipinda chogwiririra, monganso maopaleshoni ena, kenako thupi la woperekayo lidzatsekedwa mosamala ndi dotolo.

Kuchira kwa munthu amene walandiridwa chiwalo kapena kupindika minofu ndikofanana ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, kupuma ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opweteka, monga Ibuprofen kapena Dipyrone, mwachitsanzo. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa izi, munthuyo ayenera kumwa mankhwala otchedwa immunosuppressants, m'moyo wake wonse, kuti apewe kukanidwa kwa chiwalo chatsopano ndi thupi.

Mutha kusankha okha omwe angalandire ziwalozo ndi ziwalozo zoperekazo zikaperekedwa m'moyo. Kupanda kutero, mudzalandira omwe ali pamndandanda wodikirira pamzere wolozera anthu, kuti mudikire nthawi ndi zosowa.

Zomwe zingaperekedwe m'moyo

Ziwalo ndi minyewa yomwe ingaperekedwe akadali ndi moyo ndi impso, gawo la chiwindi, mafupa ndi magazi. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa woperekayo azitha kukhala ndi moyo wabwino ngakhale atapereka izi.

Chiwindi

Gawo lokha la chiwindi, pafupifupi masentimita 4, ndi lomwe lingaperekedwe kudzera mu opaleshoniyi, ndipo kuchira kwake ndikofanana ndi opaleshoni yaying'ono yam'mimba, m'masiku ochepa. Chifukwa chakubadwa kwake, chiwalochi chimafika pamasiku 30, ndipo woperekayo amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwino, osawononga thanzi lake.

Impso

Kupereka kwa impso sikuvulaza moyo wa woperekayo, ndipo kumachitika kudzera munjira yamaola ochepa. Kubwezeretsa ndikofulumira ndipo, ngati zonse zikuyenda bwino, mpaka sabata limodzi kapena awiri, mudzatha kukhala kunyumba ndipo kubwerera ku malo azachipatala kumachitika kuti mukatsatire.

Kuphatikiza apo, popereka gawo la chiwindi ndi impso, munthuyo ayenera kuvomereza zoperekazi, zomwe zitha kuperekedwa kwa wachibale mpaka digiri yachinayi kapena, ngati ndi za abale osakhala achibale, pokhapokha ndi chilolezo chochokera makhoti. Zopereka za ziwalozi zimachitika pambuyo pofufuza kwathunthu kwa dokotala, kudzera pakuwunika kwakuthupi, magazi ndi zithunzi, monga computed tomography, yomwe idzawone ngati pali majini ndi magazi, komanso ngati woperekayo ali wathanzi, kuti achepetse mwayi wovulaza thupi lanu ndi omwe adzalandire.

M'mafupa

Kuti mupereke mafuta amfupa, ndikofunikira kulembetsa mu nkhokwe ya dziko lonse ya omwe amapereka mongo, a Unduna wa Zaumoyo, omwe angalumikizane ndi woperekayo ngati wina akusowa ali wovomerezeka. Njirayi ndi yophweka, ndi anesthesia, ndipo imatha pafupifupi mphindi 90, ndipo kutulutsa kumatha kuchitika tsiku lotsatira. Dziwani zambiri za njira zoperekera mafuta m'mafupa.

Magazi

Mu choperekachi pafupifupi magazi 450 ml amatengedwa, omwe amatha kupangidwa ndi anthu opitilira 50 kg, ndipo munthuyo amatha kupereka magazi miyezi itatu iliyonse, kwa amuna, ndi miyezi inayi, kwa amayi. Kuti mupereke magazi, muyenera kuyang'ana malo opangira magazi mzindawu nthawi iliyonse, chifukwa zoperekazi nthawi zonse zimakhala zofunikira kuchiritsa anthu ambiri, pakuchita maopaleshoni kapena mwadzidzidzi. Dziwani kuti ndi matenda ati omwe amalepheretsa kupereka magazi.

Kupereka kwa magazi ndi mafupa kumatha kuchitika kangapo komanso kwa anthu osiyanasiyana, popanda malire malinga ngati munthuyo akufuna komanso ali ndi thanzi labwino.