Kodi radiation, mitundu ndi momwe mungadzitetezere ndi chiyani?

Zamkati

• Mitundu ya radiation ndi momwe mungadzitetezere
• 1. Dzuwa
• 2. Kutulutsa ma radiation
• 3. Non-ionizing cheza

Poizoniyu ndi mtundu wa mphamvu yomwe imafalikira m'chilengedwe mothamanga mosiyanasiyana, yomwe imatha kulowa m'zinthu zina ndikulowetsedwa ndi khungu ndipo nthawi zina, imatha kukhala yovulaza thanzi, yoyambitsa matenda monga khansa.

Mitundu yayikulu ya radiation ndi dzuwa, ionizing komanso non-ionizing, ndipo mwa iliyonse yamtunduwu mphamvu imatha kupangidwa ndi mafakitale kapena yopezeka m'chilengedwe.

Mitundu ya radiation ndi momwe mungadzitetezere

Poizoniyu akhoza kukhala m'magulu atatu, monga:

1. Dzuwa

Dzuwa, lomwe limadziwikanso kuti radiation ya ultraviolet, limatulutsidwa ndi dzuwa ndipo cheza cha ultraviolet chimatha kukhala cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana, monga:

• Magetsi a UVA: ndi ofooka chifukwa amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa ndipo amawononga khungu, monga makwinya;
• Mazira a UVB: ndi kunyezimira kwamphamvu ndipo kumatha kuwononga kwambiri khungu la khungu, kuyambitsa zilonda zamoto ndi mitundu ina ya khansa;
• UVC: ndi mtundu wolimba kwambiri, koma sufikira pakhungu, chifukwa amatetezedwa ndi ozoni wosanjikiza.

Dzuwa limafika pakhungu mwamphamvu kwambiri pakati pa maola khumi m'mawa mpaka 4 koloko masana, koma ngakhale mumthunzi anthu amatha kuwonetsedwa ndi cheza cha ultraviolet.

Kukhala padzuwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha, komwe ndipamene kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, malungo, kusanza komanso kukomoka kumachitika. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonetseredwa kwambiri ndi cheza cha ultraviolet kumatha kubweretsa kuwoneka kwa khansa yapakhungu yomwe imayambitsa zilonda, zotupa, kapena zipsera pakhungu. Nazi momwe mungazindikire zizindikiro za khansa yapakhungu.

Momwe mungadzitetezere: Njira yabwino yodzitetezera ku radiation ya ultraviolet ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa tsiku lililonse osatetezera 30, kuvala zipewa kuteteza nkhope yanu ku cheza cha ultraviolet komanso kupewa khungu lofufutira. Komabe, ndikofunikira kupewa dzuwa pakati pa masana, pomwe mphamvu ya radiation ndiyabwino kwambiri.

2. Kutulutsa ma radiation

Kuchepetsa ma radiation ndi mtundu wa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma radiotherapy komanso poyesa kulingalira, monga computed tomography.

Kuwonetseredwa ndi cheza chamtunduwu sikuyenera kukhala kocheperako, chifukwa anthu omwe amakhala nawo kwa nthawi yayitali, amatha kudwala, monga nseru, kusanza, kufooka komanso kutentha pakhungu ndipo pamavuto akulu mawonekedwe amtundu wina khansa.

Momwe mungadzitetezere: kuyeserera komwe kumatulutsa radiation, kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi chisonyezo chazachipatala, ndipo nthawi zambiri, sizimayambitsa vuto lililonse, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimathamanga.

Komabe, akatswiri omwe akhala akukumana ndi radiation yamtunduwu kwanthawi yayitali, monga ogwira ntchito mu radiotherapy ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi za nyukiliya, ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma radiation ndi zida zotetezera, monga chovala chotsogola.

3. Non-ionizing cheza

Ma radiation osakhala ionizing ndi mtundu wamagetsi ochepa omwe amafalikira kudzera pamafunde amagetsi, ndipo amatha kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe kapena zopanda chilengedwe. Zitsanzo zina za radiation iyi ndi mafunde otulutsidwa ndi mawailesi, mafoni, ma TV tinyanga, magetsi amagetsi, maukonde a wa-fi, ma microwave ndi zida zina zamagetsi.

Nthawi zambiri, ma radiation osayatsa samayambitsa mavuto aliwonse azaumoyo chifukwa amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa, komabe, anthu omwe amagwira ntchito zamagetsi, monga zamagetsi ndi ma welders, ali pachiwopsezo changozi ndikulandila mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ndipo atha ali ndi kutentha thupi.

Momwe mungadzitetezere: cheza chosasokoneza bongo sichimayambitsa matenda oopsa, chifukwa chake palibe chifukwa chotetezera. Komabe, ogwira ntchito omwe amalumikizana mwachindunji ndi zingwe zamagetsi ndi ma jenereta ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zawo zodzitetezera kuti ngozi zisachitike.