Mayeso a Coombs

Zamkati

• Chifukwa chiyani kuyesa kwa Coombs kumachitika?
• Kodi mayeso a Coombs amachitika bwanji?
• Kodi ndimakonzekera bwanji mayeso a Coombs?
• Kodi kuopsa kwa mayeso a Coombs ndi kotani?
• Zotsatira za mayeso a Coombs ndi zotani?
• Zotsatira zachilendo
• Zachilendo zimabweretsa mayeso owongoka a Coombs
• Zovuta zimabweretsa mayeso osadziwika a Coombs

Kuyesa kwa Coombs ndi chiyani?

Ngati mwakhala mukumva kutopa, kukhala ndi mpweya wochepa, manja ozizira ndi mapazi, ndi khungu lotumbululuka, mutha kukhala ndi maselo ofiira osakwanira. Vutoli limatchedwa kuchepa magazi m'thupi, ndipo limayambitsa zifukwa zambiri.

Ngati dokotala akutsimikizirani kuti muli ndi kuchuluka kwama cell ofiira ofiira, mayeso a Coombs ndi amodzi mwamayeso amwazi omwe dokotala angakulamulireni kuti akuthandizeni kudziwa mtundu wa kuchepa kwa magazi komwe muli nako.

Chifukwa chiyani kuyesa kwa Coombs kumachitika?

Mayeso a Coombs amafufuza magazi kuti awone ngati ali ndi ma antibodies ena. Ma antibodies ndi mapuloteni omwe chitetezo chanu chamthupi chimapanga akawona kuti china chake chitha kukhala chowononga thanzi lanu.

Ma antibodies awa adzawononga wowononga wowopsa. Ngati mawonekedwe a chitetezo cha mthupi ali olakwika, nthawi zina amatha kupanga ma antibodies kumaselo anu omwe. Izi zitha kuyambitsa mitundu yambiri yamavuto azaumoyo.

Kuyesedwa kwa Coombs kumathandiza dokotala kudziwa ngati muli ndi ma antibodies m'magazi anu omwe akupangitsa kuti chitetezo chamthupi chanu chiwononge ndikuwononga maselo anu ofiira. Ngati maselo ofiira a magazi akuwonongeka, izi zitha kubweretsa vuto lotchedwa hemolytic anemia.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya mayesero a Coombs: mayeso a Coombs mwachindunji ndi mayeso a Coombs osalunjika. Kuyesedwa kwachindunji kumafala kwambiri ndipo kumafufuza ma antibodies omwe amangiriridwa pamwamba pama cell ofiira amwazi.

Kuyesa kosazolowereka kumayang'ana ma antibodies omwe sanagwirizane omwe akuyandama m'magazi. Amaperekedwanso kuti adziwe ngati pakhoza kukhala zoyipa zoyipa pakuikidwa magazi.

Kodi mayeso a Coombs amachitika bwanji?

Padzafunika chitsanzo cha magazi anu kuti muyesedwe. Magazi amayesedwa ndi mankhwala omwe angatenge ndi ma antibodies m'magazi anu.

Zitsanzo za magazi zimapezeka kudzera mu venipuncture, momwe singano imalowetsedwa mumtsempha m'manja mwanu kapena m'manja. Singanoyo imatulutsa magazi pang'ono mumachubu. Chitsanzocho chimasungidwa mu chubu choyesera.

Kuyesaku kumachitika kawirikawiri kwa makanda omwe atha kukhala ndi ma antibodies m'magazi awo chifukwa amayi awo ali ndi mtundu wina wamagazi. Kuti muchite izi mwa khanda, khungu limapyoledwa ndi singano yaying'ono yotchedwa lancet, nthawi zambiri chidendene cha phazi. Mwazi umasonkhanitsidwa mu chubu chaching'ono chagalasi, pagalasi, kapena pamayeso.

Kodi ndimakonzekera bwanji mayeso a Coombs?

Palibe kukonzekera kwapadera kofunikira. Dokotala wanu adzamwa madzi ochuluka musanapite ku labotale kapena pamalo osonkhanitsira.

Muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala musanayesedwe, koma pokhapokha dokotala atakuuzani kuti muchite.

Kodi kuopsa kwa mayeso a Coombs ndi kotani?

Magazi atasonkhanitsidwa, mumatha kumva kupweteka pang'ono kapena kumva pang'ono. Komabe, izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazifupi komanso zochepa kwambiri. Singanoyo itachotsedwa, mutha kumva kupwetekedwa mtima. Mudzalangizidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito kukakamiza patsamba lomwe singano idalowetsa pakhungu lanu.

Bandage adzagwiritsidwa ntchito. Iyenera kukhalabe m'malo mwa mphindi 10 mpaka 20. Muyenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mkonowo pokweza kwambiri tsiku lonse.

Zowopsa zosowa kwambiri ndi monga:

• mutu wopepuka kapena kukomoka
• hematoma, thumba lamagazi pansi pa khungu lomwe limafanana ndi chotupa
• Matenda, omwe nthawi zambiri amatetezedwa ndi khungu kuti lisatsukidwe singanoyo isanalowe
• Kutuluka magazi kwambiri (kutuluka magazi kwanthawi yayitali pambuyo poyesedwa kumatha kuwonetsa kutaya magazi kwambiri ndipo muyenera kudziwitsidwa kwa dokotala wanu)

Zotsatira za mayeso a Coombs ndi zotani?

Zotsatira zachilendo

Zotsatira zimawonedwa ngati zabwinobwino ngati palibe kuwundana kwa maselo ofiira amwazi.

Zachilendo zimabweretsa mayeso owongoka a Coombs

Kupindika kwa maselo ofiira a magazi panthawi yoyezetsa kukuwonetsa zotsatira zosazolowereka. Kudzimbidwa kwa magazi m'maselo anu a Coombs kumatanthauza kuti muli ndi ma antibodies m'maselo ofiira komanso kuti mutha kukhala ndi vuto lomwe limapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo ofiira amthupi lanu, otchedwa hemolysis.

Zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala ndi ma antibodies m'maselo ofiira ndi awa:

• autoimmune hemolytic anemia, pomwe chitetezo chamthupi chanu chimachita ndi maselo anu ofiira
• kuthiridwa magazi, chitetezo chamthupi mwanu chikamaukira magazi omwe aperekedwa
• erythroblastosis fetalis, kapena mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagazi pakati pa mayi ndi khanda
• Matenda a m'magazi a lymphocytic ndi ma leukemia ena
• systemic lupus erythematosus, matenda omwe amadzimangirira okha komanso mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa lupus
• mononucleosis
• matenda a mycoplasma, mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe maantibayotiki ambiri sangathe kuwapha
• chindoko

Kuwopsa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndichinthu china chomwe chingayambitse kukhala ndi ma antibodies m'maselo ofiira. Mankhwala omwe angayambitse izi ndi awa:

• cephalosporins, mankhwala opha tizilombo
• levodopa, chifukwa cha matenda a Parkinson
• dapsone, antibacterial
• nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin, Furadantin), mankhwala opha tizilombo
• antisteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) monga ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB)
• quinidine, mankhwala a mtima

Nthawi zina, makamaka okalamba, mayeso a Coombs amakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa ngakhale popanda matenda ena aliwonse kapena zoopsa.

Zovuta zimabweretsa mayeso osadziwika a Coombs

Zotsatira zosazolowereka za mayeso a Coombs osalunjika amatanthauza kuti muli ndi ma antibodies omwe akuyenda m'magazi anu omwe angapangitse chitetezo chanu chamthupi kuchitapo kanthu pama cell ofiira amwazi omwe amawerengedwa kuti ndi achilendo mthupi - makamaka omwe angakhalepo mukathiridwa magazi.

Kutengera zaka ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, izi zitha kutanthauza erythroblastosis fetalis, magazi osagwirizana pamwazi wopatsirana magazi, kapena kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi chifukwa chothana ndimthupi kapena poyizoni wa mankhwala.

Makanda omwe ali ndi erythroblastosis fetalis amatha kukhala ndi bilirubin m'magazi awo ambiri, omwe amatsogolera ku jaundice. Izi zimachitika mwana wakhanda ndi mayi atakhala ndimagazi osiyanasiyana, monga Rh factor zabwino kapena zoyipa kapena kusiyanasiyana kwamtundu wa ABO. Chitetezo cha mthupi la mayi chimaukira magazi amwana panthawi yobereka.

Vutoli liyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Zitha kubweretsa imfa ya amayi ndi mwana. Mayi woyembekezera nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa mayeso a Coombs osawonekera kuti aone ngati ali ndi ma antibodies asanabadwe panthawi yobereka.