Mafupa a Cranial Mwachidule

Zamkati

• Anatomy ndi ntchito
• Chithunzi cha mafupa a cranial
• Mikhalidwe ya mafupa
• Kuphulika
• Craniosynostosis
• Zochitika zina
• Zizindikiro za mafupa amisala
• Malangizo a mafupa athanzi

Kodi mafupa a cranial ndi chiyani?

Chigaza chanu chimapanga mawonekedwe kumutu kwanu ndi nkhope yanu komanso kuteteza ubongo wanu. Mafupa a chigaza chanu atha kugawidwa m'mafupa a cranial, omwe amapanga crane yanu, ndi mafupa a nkhope, omwe amapanga nkhope yanu.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mafupa m'thupi lanu, kuphatikiza:

• mafupa aatali
• mafupa afupiafupi
• mafupa osalala
• mafupa osakhazikika
• mafupa a sesamoid

Pali mitundu iwiri ya crani yanu:

• Mafupa apansi. Monga momwe dzina lawo likusonyezera, mafupawa ndi owonda komanso osalala, ngakhale ena amakhala ndi kukhota pang'ono.
• Mafupa osasinthasintha. Awa ndi mafupa okhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta omwe sagwirizana ndi gulu lililonse.

Anatomy ndi ntchito

Pali mafupa asanu ndi atatu a cranial, aliwonse ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera:

• Fupa lakutsogolo. Ili ndiye fupa lathyathyathya lomwe limapanga chipumi chanu. Zimapanganso gawo lapamwamba pamaso anu amaso.
• Mafupa a parietal. Awa ndimafupa olimba omwe ali mbali zonse ziwiri za mutu wanu, kumbuyo kwa fupa lakumbuyo.
• Mafupa osakhalitsa. Awa ndi mafupa osakhazikika omwe amakhala pansi pa mafupa amtundu uliwonse.
• Fupa lokhala pantchito. Ili ndi fupa lathyathyathya lomwe limakhala kumbuyo kwenikweni kwa chigaza chanu. Ili ndi kutsegula komwe kumalola kuti msana wanu ulumikizane ndi ubongo wanu.
• Sphenoid fupa. Ili ndi fupa losasunthika lomwe limakhala pansi pa fupa lakumbuyo. Ikutambalala m'lifupi mwa chigaza chanu ndikupanga gawo lalikulu la chigaza chanu.
• Fupa la Ethmoid. Ili ndi fupa losasunthika lomwe lili patsogolo pa fupa la sphenoid. Zimapanga gawo lanu lammphuno.

Mafupa anu ophatikizika amalumikizidwa pamodzi ndi malumikizidwe apadera otchedwa sutures, omwe amapangidwa ndi mnofu wolumikizana. Amapangidwa mosiyanasiyana, kuwalola kuti azilumikizana mwamphamvu mafupa onse opangidwa mwapadera. Masuteti samasakanikirana mpaka munthu wamkulu, zomwe zimapangitsa ubongo wanu kupitiliza kukula nthawi yaubwana komanso unyamata.

Chithunzi cha mafupa a cranial

Onani zojambula zomwe zili pansipa za 3-D kuti mudziwe zambiri zamafupa amisala.

Mikhalidwe ya mafupa

Kuvulala kangapo ndi thanzi zimatha kukhudza mafupa anu amphongo, kuphatikiza mafupa ndi kubadwa.

Kuphulika

Kuthyoka kumatanthauza mtundu uliwonse wamphongo. Pali mitundu ingapo yamafupa yomwe imatha kukhudza mafupa amtundu, monga:

• Wokhumudwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuphwanya komwe kumapangitsa kuti chigaza chanu chiwoneke ngati chazama.
• Zowonjezera. Kuthyoka kolimba mu fupa la cranial kumatanthauza kuti pali fupa, koma fupa lokha silinasunthe.
• Basilar. Mtundu uwu umaphatikizapo kusweka kwa mafupa ena pafupi ndi tsinde la chigaza chanu, monga fupa la sphenoid. Ichi ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limafunikira chithandizo mwachangu.
• Zosangalatsa. Kuphulika kwa diastatic kumachitika motsatira imodzi ya mutu wa chigaza chanu, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yotakata kuposa masiku onse. Kawirikawiri zimawoneka mwa makanda.

Nthawi zambiri, kuthyoka kwa chigaza sikumva kuwawa momwe amamvekera, ndipo nthawi zambiri amadzichiritsa okha popanda opaleshoni. Komabe, ma fracture owopsa angafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni.

Craniosynostosis

Ana ena amabadwa ali ndi vuto lotchedwa craniosynostosis, lomwe limaphatikizapo kutseka msanga kwa suture ya chigaza. Izi zimabweretsa chigaza chopangidwa modabwitsa ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kukhudza nkhope.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya craniosynostosis, kutengera ma suture omwe amakhudza:

• Bicoronal synostosis. Makanda omwe ali ndi mtundu uwu atha kukhala ndi mphumi wolimba komanso wokwera.
• Coronal synostosis. Mtundu uwu umatha kuyambitsa ziboliboli mbali imodzi ya pamphumi ndikukhudza mawonekedwe a diso ndi mphuno.
• Lambdoid synostosis. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti mukhale pansi mbali imodzi kumbuyo kwa chigaza. Zingakhudzenso khutu la khutu kapena kupangitsa chigaza kupendekera chammbali.
• Metopic synostosis. Izi zitha kupangitsa chigaza chokhala ngati makona atatu kapena mphumi. Itha kupangitsanso maso kuwonekera pafupi limodzi.
• Sagittal synostosis. Mtundu uwu ukhoza kupangitsa mphumi kutuluka. Malo ozungulira akachisi amathanso kuwoneka opapatiza kwambiri, ndikupangitsa mutu kuwoneka wotambalala.

Craniosynostosis imafuna chithandizo chamankhwala kuti tipewe zovuta pambuyo pake.

Zochitika zina

Zina mwazomwe zingakhudze mafupa amisala ndi monga:

• Cleidocranial dysplasia. Kusintha kwa jini linalake kumapangitsa kukula kwa mano ndi mafupa, kuphatikiza mafupa amisala. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizira pamphumi wopendekeka, mafupa owonjezera mkati mwa suture yamagaza, ndi chigaza chokulitsidwa.
• Craniometaphyseal dysplasia. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chobadwa chomwe chimayambitsa kukhuthala kwa mafupa amisala, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa mphumi yotumphuka ndi maso otakata.
• Matenda a Paget a mafupa. Minofu yatsopano ya mafupa imapangidwa mwachangu chifukwa chamakhalidwe osazolowereka a mafupa, omwe ndi mtundu wa khungu la mafupa. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amathyoka chifukwa fupa lomwe lakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri limafooka.
• Wokongola dysplasia. Izi zimapangitsa kukula kwa minofu yofiira m'malo mwa mafupa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa maselo omwe amapanga mafupa. Amakonda kukhudza fupa limodzi nthawi imodzi, ngakhale nthawi zina amatha kuchita zambiri.
• Mimba. Matenda a osteoma ndi mafupa ochulukirapo pamutu. Anthu omwe ali ndi mafupa samakhala ndi zizindikilo. Komabe, ngati kukula kumapanikiza mitsempha, kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto akumva ndi masomphenya. Izi zimatha kuthekera pakukula.

Zizindikiro za mafupa amisala

Ndi zonse zomwe zili pamutu panu ndi m'khosi, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kudziwa ngati zizindikilo zikubwera chifukwa cha mafupa amisala.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimafotokoza mtundu wina wam'mafupa osweka ndi awa:

• kuvulala kuzungulira maso kapena kumbuyo kwa makutu anu
• madzimadzi oyera kapena magazi otuluka m'makutu kapena mphuno zanu
• kumverera kofooka pankhope panu

Zizindikiro za vuto lomwe lili ndi mafupa amtunduwu ndi awa:

• ululu wosasangalatsa, wopweteka
• dzanzi kapena kumva kulira pamaso pako
• mavuto akumva kapena masomphenya
• mutu wopindika modabwitsa kapena mawonekedwe amaso

Malangizo a mafupa athanzi

Mafupa anu ndi chitetezo chachikulu muubongo wanu, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi ndi:

• Kuvala chisoti. Nthawi zonse valani chisoti mukamakwera chilichonse pamatayala, kuphatikiza njinga zamoto, ma skateboard, ndi ma scooter. Bwezerani chipewa chowonongeka kapena chowotcha ndipo onetsetsani kuti chikukwanira bwino.
• Mangani lamba wanu. Nthawi zonse muvale lamba wapampando mukamayenda mgalimoto.
• Kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chogwa. Chitetezo chilichonse, monga zingwe zamagetsi, chomwe chingapangitse wina kukhumudwa. Ngati muli ndi zovuta zoyenda, lingalirani kukhazikitsa ma handrails ndikugwira mipiringidzo m'malo, monga shawa kapena masitepe.

Ngati muli ndi khanda, onetsetsani kuti mumayang'anira mutu wawo pazinthu zachilendo. Muthanso kuonetsetsa kuti mwana simukhala pamalo amodzi kwakanthawi. Njira zina zochitira izi ndi izi:

• kusinthanitsa komwe mutu wa mwana wanu akukumana nawo mukamawagoneka
• kumugwira mwana wanu akadzuka mmalo momuika mu khola, pachimake, kapena pachonyamulira, ngati kuli kotheka
• kusintha mkono womwe mumagwira mwana wanu mukamayamwitsa
• kulola mwana wanu kusewera m'mimba moyang'aniridwa