Kusanthula kwa Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)

Zamkati

• Momwe zitsanzo za CSF zimatengedwa
• Njira zogwirizana
• Kuopsa kwa kuboola lumbar
• Chifukwa chomwe mayeso adayitanitsidwa
• Matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kusanthula kwa CSF
• Matenda opatsirana
• Kutaya magazi
• Matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi
• Zotupa
• Kufufuza kwa CSF ndi multiple sclerosis
• Kuyesa kwa labu ndikuwunika kwa CSF
• Kutanthauzira zotsatira za mayeso anu
• Kutsatira pambuyo pa kusanthula kwa CSF

Kusanthula kwa CSF ndi chiyani?

Kusanthula kwa Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ndi njira yofufuzira zomwe zimakhudza ubongo wanu ndi msana. Ndi mayeso angapo a labotale omwe adachitika pa CSF. CSF ndiye madzimadzi omveka bwino omwe amakoka ndikumapereka michere m'thupi lanu lamkati (CNS). CNS imakhala ndi ubongo ndi msana.

CSF imapangidwa ndi choroid plexus muubongo kenako ndikubwezeretsanso m'magazi anu. Amadzimadzanso m'malo mwa maola angapo. Kuphatikiza pakupereka michere, CSF imayenda mozungulira ubongo wanu ndi msana, kukutetezani ndikunyamula zinyalala.

Chitsanzo cha CSF chimakonda kusonkhanitsidwa pochita lumbar punct, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti tapu ya msana. Kusanthula kwachitsanzo kumaphatikizapo kuyeza ndi kuyesa kwa:

• madzi kuthamanga
• mapuloteni
• shuga
• maselo ofiira ofiira
• maselo oyera
• mankhwala
• mabakiteriya
• mavairasi
• zamoyo zina zowononga kapena zinthu zakunja

Kufufuza kungaphatikizepo:

• muyeso wa mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a CSF
• Kuyesa kwamankhwala pazinthu zomwe zimapezeka mumtsempha wanu wamtsempha kapena kuyerekezera magawo azinthu zofananira zomwe zimapezeka m'magazi anu
• kuchuluka kwama cell ndikulemba kwa maselo aliwonse omwe amapezeka mu CSF yanu
• Kuzindikiritsa tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa matenda opatsirana

CSF imalumikizana mwachindunji ndi ubongo wanu ndi msana. Chifukwa chake kuwunika kwa CSF kumakhala kothandiza kuposa kuyesa magazi kuti mumvetsetse zizindikiro za CNS.Komabe, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kupeza chilinganizo cha msana wam'mimba kuposa magazi. Kulowa mu ngalande ya msana ndi singano kumafunikira chidziwitso chaukadaulo wamatenda a msana ndikumvetsetsa bwino kwa ubongo uliwonse wam'mimba kapena msana zomwe zitha kuonjezera zovuta pazomwe zimachitika.

Momwe zitsanzo za CSF zimatengedwa

Kuphulika kwa lumbar nthawi zambiri kumatenga mphindi zosachepera 30. Zimachitidwa ndi dokotala yemwe waphunzitsidwa mwapadera kuti atole CSF.

CSF nthawi zambiri imachotsedwa mdera lanu lakumbuyo, kapena msana. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhalabe chete pakadali pano. Mwanjira imeneyi mumapewa kuyika panjira yolakwika kapena zoopsa msana wanu.

Mutha kukhala pansi ndikufunsidwa kuti muzitsamira kuti msana wanu ukhale wopindika. Kapenanso adotolo anu mwina mudzagona chammbali ndi msana wokhotakhota mawondo atafikiridwa pachifuwa. Kuphimba msana wanu kumapanga mpata pakati pa mafupa anu kumbuyo kwenikweni.

Mukakhala pamalo, msana wanu umatsukidwa ndi yankho losabala. Ayodini nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa. Malo osabala amasamalidwa nthawi yonseyi. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda.

Kirimu chodzidzimutsa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu lanu. Dokotala wanu ndiye amabaya jakisoni. Tsambalo likadzatha, dokotala wanu amaika singano yopyapyala ya msana pakati pamiyala iwiri. Mtundu winawake wa X-ray wotchedwa fluoroscopy nthawi zina umagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolera singano.

Choyamba, kuthamanga mkati mwa chigaza kumayeza pogwiritsa ntchito manometer. Kupsyinjika kwakukulu komanso kotsika kwa CSF kumatha kukhala zizindikilo zazinthu zina.

Zitsanzo zamadzimadzi zimatengedwa kudzera mu singano. Pamene kusonkhanitsa madzi kumalizika, singano imachotsedwa. Tsamba lobowolalo limatsukidwanso. Bandeji amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mufunsidwa kuti mukhale pansi kwa ola limodzi. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chakumutu, chomwe chimakhala chofala pamachitidwe.

Njira zogwirizana

Nthawi zina munthu samatha kupunduka lumbar chifukwa cha kufooka msana, matenda, kapena kuthekera kwa ubongo. Pakadali pano, njira yovuta kwambiri yosonkhanitsira CSF yomwe imafuna kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga imodzi mwa izi:

• Pakubowola kwamitsempha yamitsempha, dokotala wanu amaponya chibowo mu chigaza chanu ndikuyika singano molunjika mu imodzi mwa ma ventricles aubongo wanu.
• Pakubowola thumba, dokotala wanu amalowetsa singano kumbuyo kwa chigaza chanu.
• Kutulutsa kapena kutulutsa kwamitsempha yamagetsi kumatha kutenga CSF kuchokera ku chubu chomwe dokotala wanu amaika muubongo wanu. Izi zachitika kuti atulutse kuthamanga kwamadzimadzi.

Zosonkhanitsa CSF nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi njira zina. Mwachitsanzo, utoto ungalowetsedwe mu CSF yanu pa myelogram. Uku ndi kujambula kwa X-ray kapena CT kwaubongo ndi msana wanu.

Kuopsa kwa kuboola lumbar

Kuyesaku kumafuna kumasulidwa kosainidwa komwe kumati mukumvetsetsa kuwopsa kwa njirayi.

Zowopsa zoyambilira zophatikizidwa ndi lumbar ndi monga:

• Kutuluka magazi pamalo obowoloka kulowa mumadzi am'maginidwe, omwe amatchedwa matepi opweteka
• kusapeza bwino munthawiyo komanso pambuyo pake
• thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi
• matenda pamalo obowola
• mutu utayesedwa

Anthu omwe amatenga opopera magazi ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotaya magazi. Kuphulika kwa lumbar ndi kowopsa kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto oundana monga kuchuluka kwamagazi, komwe kumatchedwa thrombocytopenia.

Palinso zoopsa zina zowopsa ngati muli ndi ubongo, chotupa, kapena abscess. Izi zimapanikiza ubongo wanu. Kutulutsa lumbar kumatha kupangitsa kuti ubongo wa herniation uchitike. Izi zitha kuwononga ubongo kapena kufa kumene.

Herniation yaubongo ndikusintha kwa mawonekedwe aubongo. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi kukakamizidwa kwakukulu. Vutoli limatha kudula magazi kuubongo wanu. Izi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kosatheka. Kuyesaku sikungachitike ngati gulu la ubongo likukayikiridwa.

Njira zokhotakhira zitsime ndi zamitsempha yamavuto zimakhala ndi zoopsa zina. Zowopsa izi ndi izi:

• kuwonongeka kwa msana wanu kapena ubongo
• magazi mkati mwa ubongo wanu
• kusokoneza cholepheretsa magazi-ubongo

Chifukwa chomwe mayeso adayitanitsidwa

Kuwunika kwa CSF kungalamulidwe ngati mwakumana ndi vuto la CNS. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati muli ndi khansa ndipo dokotala akufuna kuwona ngati khansayo yafalikira ku CNS.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusanthula kwa CSF kungalamulidwe ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zotsatirazi:

• mutu wopweteka kwambiri
• khosi lolimba
• kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, kusokonezeka maganizo, kapena kudwala misala
• kugwidwa
• Zizindikiro ngati chimfine zomwe zimapitilira kapena kukulira
• kutopa, kutopa, kapena kufooka kwa minofu
• kusintha kwa chikumbumtima
• nseru kwambiri
• malungo kapena zidzolo
• kuzindikira kwa kuwala
• dzanzi kapena kunjenjemera
• chizungulire
• zovuta zolankhula
• kuyenda movutikira kapena kusagwirizana bwino
• kusinthasintha kwamphamvu
• kusokonezeka kwa matenda

Matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kusanthula kwa CSF

Kusanthula kwa CSF kumatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa matenda osiyanasiyana a CNS omwe sangakhale ovuta kuwazindikira. Zomwe zapezeka pakuwunika kwa CSF zikuphatikiza:

Matenda opatsirana

Mavairasi, mabakiteriya, bowa, ndi tiziromboti tonse titha kupatsira CNS. Matenda ena amatha kupezeka ndikuwunika kwa CSF. Matenda wamba a CNS ndi awa:

• meninjaitisi
• encephalitis
• chifuwa chachikulu
• mafangasi matenda
• Kachilombo ka West Nile
• kachilombo ka kum'maŵa kwa equine encephalitis (EEEV)

Kutaya magazi

Kutuluka kwamkati mwa magazi kumatha kuzindikirika ndikuwunika kwa CSF. Komabe, kupatula chomwe chimayambitsa kutuluka magazi kumafunikira kuyesedwa kwina kapena kuyesedwa. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimaphatikizapo kuthamanga kwa magazi, stroke, kapena aneurysm.

Matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi

Kusanthula kwa CSF kumatha kuzindikira zovuta zoyankha mthupi. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimatha kuwononga CNS kudzera mukutupa, kuwonongeka kwa sheelin sheath mozungulira mitsempha, ndikupanga ma antibody.

Matenda ofala amtunduwu ndi awa:

• Matenda a Guillain-Barré
• sarcoidosis
• matenda amanjenje
• matenda ofoola ziwalo

Zotupa

Kusanthula kwa CSF kumatha kuzindikira zotupa zoyambirira muubongo kapena msana. Ikhozanso kuzindikira ma khansa am'mimba omwe afalikira ku CNS kuchokera kumadera ena.

Kufufuza kwa CSF ndi multiple sclerosis

Kusanthula kwa CSF itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthandizira kupeza ma sclerosis (MS). MS ndi matenda osatha omwe chitetezo chanu chamthupi chimawononga chophimba choteteza mitsempha yanu, chotchedwa myelin. Anthu omwe ali ndi MS amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimangokhala kapena zimabwera. Amaphatikizapo kufooka kapena kupweteka m'manja ndi m'miyendo, zovuta kuwona, komanso kuyenda movutikira.

Kuwunika kwa CSF kungachitike pofuna kuthana ndi zovuta zina zamankhwala zomwe zimakhala ndi zofananira ndi MS. Madzimadzi amathanso kuwonetsa zizindikiritso kuti chitetezo chamthupi chanu sichikugwira ntchito bwino. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kuchuluka kwa IgG (mtundu wa antibody) komanso kupezeka kwa mapuloteni ena omwe amapanga myelin ikawonongeka. Pafupifupi 85 mpaka 90 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi MS ali ndi zovuta izi mumatumbo awo am'mimba.

Mitundu ina ya MS imapita patsogolo mwachangu ndipo imatha kukhala pangozi m'masabata kapena miyezi ingapo. Kuyang'ana mapuloteni mu CSF kungathandize madotolo kupanga "mafungulo" otchedwa biomarkers. Ma biomarkers amatha kukuthandizani kuzindikira mtundu wa MS womwe mudakhala nawo kale komanso mosavuta. Kuzindikira koyambirira kumatha kukupatsani mwayi wopeza chithandizo chomwe chitha kukulitsa moyo wanu ngati muli ndi mawonekedwe a MS omwe akupita patsogolo mwachangu.

Kuyesa kwa labu ndikuwunika kwa CSF

Zotsatirazi nthawi zambiri zimayezedwa pakuwunika kwa CSF:

• kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi
• kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a magazi
• mankhwala enaake
• shuga, kapena shuga wamagazi
• glutamine
• lactate dehydrogenase, yomwe ndi michere yamagazi
• mabakiteriya
• ma antigen, kapena zinthu zovulaza zomwe zimapangidwa ndi tizilombo tomwe tikulowa
• mapuloteni okwanira
• magulu a oligoclonal, omwe ndi mapuloteni enieni
• maselo a khansa
• kachilombo DNA
• ma antibodies olimbana ndi ma virus

Kutanthauzira zotsatira za mayeso anu

Zotsatira zabwinobwino zikutanthauza kuti palibe chachilendo chomwe chimapezeka mumtsempha wamtsempha. Magawo onse oyesedwa a zigawo za CSF amapezeka kuti anali osiyanasiyana.

Zotsatira zachilendo zimatha kubwera chifukwa cha izi:

• chotupa
• khansa ya m'matumbo
• kukha magazi
• encephalitis, komwe ndi kutupa kwa ubongo
• matenda
• kutupa
• Matenda a Reye, omwe ndi osowa, nthawi zambiri amapha ana omwe amakhudzidwa ndi matenda a ma virus komanso kumeza kwa aspirin
• meningitis, yomwe mungapeze kuchokera ku bowa, chifuwa chachikulu, mavairasi, kapena mabakiteriya
• mavairasi monga West Nile kapena Eastern equine
• Matenda a Guillain-Barré, omwe ndi autoimmune omwe amayambitsa ziwalo ndipo amapezeka pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa ma virus
• sarcoidosis, yomwe ndi chinthu chosadziwika chomwe chimakhudza ziwalo zambiri (makamaka mapapu, mafupa, ndi khungu)
• neurosyphilis, yomwe imachitika pamene matenda a syphilis amakhudza ubongo wanu
• multiple sclerosis, yomwe ndi vuto lokhudza autoimmune lomwe limakhudza ubongo wanu ndi msana

Kutsatira pambuyo pa kusanthula kwa CSF

Kutsata kwanu ndi malingaliro anu atengera zomwe zidapangitsa kuti mayeso anu a CNS akhale achilendo. Kuyesanso kowonjezereka kudzafunika kuti mupeze chidziwitso chotsimikizika. Chithandizo ndi zotsatira zake zimasiyana.

Meningitis yoyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya kapena matenda am'magazi ndi zovuta zamankhwala. Zizindikiro zake ndizofanana ndi matenda a meningitis. Komabe, matenda a meningitis saopseza moyo.

Anthu omwe ali ndi bakiteriya meningitis amatha kulandira maantibayotiki ochulukirapo mpaka chifukwa cha matendawa atadziwika. Chithandizo chofulumira ndikofunikira kupulumutsa moyo wanu. Itha kupewanso kuwonongeka kosatha kwa CNS.