Osadziteteza ndi Oledzera-Bizinesi Yowononga Yogulitsa Shuga kwa Ana

Zamkati

• Momwe makampani azakudya ndi zakumwa amagwirira ntchito ana athu kuti akwaniritse phindu.
• Mphamvu ya shuga m'thupi la munthu
• Kugwedeza chizolowezi cha shuga
• Kukhazikitsa shuga kwa ana
• Kuchepetsa kunenepa kwambiri paubwana
• Kuchokera kuzinthu zongopeka mpaka kugawana

Momwe makampani azakudya ndi zakumwa amagwirira ntchito ana athu kuti akwaniritse phindu.

Asanapite kusukulu, ophunzira ochokera ku Westlake Middle School amayimirira kutsogolo kwa 7-Eleven pakona ya Harrison ndi misewu ya 24th ku Oakland, California. Mmawa umodzi mu Marichi - {textend} National Nutrition Month - {textend} anyamata anayi adadya nkhuku yokazinga ndikumwa mabotolo 20-a Coca-Cola kutatsala belu loyamba kusukulu. Ponseponse mseu, Msika Wonse wa Zakudya umapereka zakudya zabwino, koma zotsika mtengo.

A Peter Van Tassel, wamkulu wothandizira ku Westlake, adati ophunzira ambiri ku Westlake ndi ochepa ochokera m'mabanja ogwira ntchito omwe alibe nthawi yokwanira yokonzekera chakudya. Nthawi zambiri, a Van Tassel akuti, ophunzira amatenga thumba la tchipisi tokometsera tokometsera komanso chakumwa cha Arizona cha $ 2. Koma chifukwa ali achichepere, samva zovuta zilizonse kuchokera pazomwe akudya ndi kumwa.

“Ndi zomwe angakwanitse ndipo zimakoma, koma zonse ndi shuga. Ubongo wawo sungathe kuthana nazo, "adauza Healthline. "Ndi cholepheretsa chimodzi chokha kupangitsa ana kuti azidya moyenera."

Gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa ana onse m'boma la Alameda, monga ku United States yense, ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri. ku United States ndi onenepa kwambiri, malinga ndi). Magulu ena, omwe ndi akuda, Latinos, ndi osauka, ali ndi mitengo yokwera kuposa anzawo. Komabe, omwe akuthandizira kwambiri kupatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu m'zakudya zakumadzulo - {textend} shuga wowonjezera - {textend} samakoma kwambiri poyang'ana momwe zimakhudzira thanzi lathu.

Mphamvu ya shuga m'thupi la munthu

Pankhani ya shuga, akatswiri azaumoyo samakhudzidwa ndi zomwe zimachitika mwachilengedwe zipatso ndi zakudya zina. Amakhudzidwa ndi shuga wowonjezera - {textend} kaya achokera nzimbe, beets, kapena chimanga - {textend} zomwe sizithandiza m'thupi. Shuga wa patebulo, kapena sucrose, amapukusidwa ngati mafuta komanso zimam'patsa mphamvu chifukwa ali ndi magawo ofanana a glucose ndi fructose. Madzi a chimanga a high-fructose amayenda pafupifupi 42 mpaka 55% ya shuga.

Shuga amathandizira mphamvu iliyonse m'thupi lanu. Chiwindi chokha ndi chomwe chimatha kugaya fructose komabe, chomwe chimasandulika kukhala triglycerides, kapena mafuta. Ngakhale izi sizingakhale zovuta pamagulu ang'onoang'ono, zochuluka ngati zakumwa zotsekemera zimatha kupanga mafuta owonjezera m'chiwindi, monga mowa.

Kuphatikiza pa zotupa, mtundu wa 2 shuga, ndi matenda amtima, kumwa mopitilira muyeso kwa shuga kumatha kuyambitsa kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda a chiwindi (NAFLD), zomwe zimakhudza gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a anthu aku US. NAFLD ndi yomwe imayambitsa chiwindi. Kafukufuku waposachedwa wofalitsidwa mu Journal of Hepatology adatsimikiza kuti NAFLD ndiye chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtima, chomwe chimayambitsa kufa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi NAFLD. Amagwirizananso ndi kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2, triglycerides okwera, ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kotero, kuti ana onenepa kwambiri omwe amadya shuga, ziwindi zawo zikutenga nkhonya imodzi yomwe nthawi zambiri imasungidwa achikulire omwe amamwa mowa mwauchidakwa.

Dr. Robert Lustig, katswiri wazamaphunziro a ana ku University of California, San Francisco, akuti mowa ndi shuga ndizo poizoni zomwe zilibe zakudya zilizonse ndipo zimawononga zikawonongedwa.

“Mowa si chakudya. Simukusowa, "Lustig adauza Healthline. "Ngati mowa si chakudya, shuga siwo chakudya."

Ndipo onse ali ndi mwayi wokhala osokoneza bongo.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu Maphunziro a Neuroscience & Biobehavioral, kuluma shuga kumakhudza gawo laubongo lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi kuwongolera kwamaganizidwe. Ofufuzawo anazindikira kuti "kulowa shuga mosadukiza kumatha kusintha machitidwe ndi minyewa yomwe imafanana ndi vuto lakumwa."

Kuphatikiza pa zomwe zingachitike kuti munthu akhale wokonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kafukufuku yemwe akutulukapo akuwonetsa kuti fructose imawononga kulumikizana pakati pama cell amubongo, kumawonjezera poizoni muubongo, komanso kudya kwa nthawi yayitali shuga kumachepetsa mphamvu yaubongo yophunzirira ndikusunga chidziwitso. Kafukufuku wochokera ku UCLA wofalitsidwa mu Epulo adapeza kuti fructose imatha kuwononga majini mazana apakati pa metabolism ndikupangitsa matenda akulu, kuphatikiza Alzheimer's ndi ADHD.

Umboni wakuti zopatsa mphamvu zowonjezera kuchokera ku shuga wowonjezera zimathandizira kunenepa ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndichinthu chomwe makampani opanga shuga amayesetsa kudzipatula. American Beverage Association, gulu lazamalonda la opanga zakumwa zotsekemera, akuti pali chidwi cholakwika chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa soda yokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

"Zakumwa zotsekemera zimawerengera anthu wamba ku America ndipo amatha kuzisangalala mosavuta ngati gawo la chakudya chamagulu," gululo linatero polankhula ndi Healthline. “Malipoti aposachedwa kwambiri asayansi ochokera ku U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention akuwonetsa kuti zakumwa sizimayendetsa kuchuluka kwakunenepa kwambiri komanso mikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri ku United States. Miyezo ya kunenepa kwambiri idapitilirabe kukwera chifukwa kumwa kwa soda kumatsika, osawonetsa kulumikizana.

Omwe alibe phindu lazachuma lokhudzana ndi kumwa shuga, komabe, sagwirizana. Ofufuza a Harvard akuti shuga, makamaka zakumwa zotsekemera ndi shuga, amachulukitsa chiopsezo cha kunenepa kwambiri, matenda ashuga, matenda amtima, ndi gout.

Mukamayesa umboni kuti musinthe malembedwe azakudya pakadali pano, umboni "wamphamvu komanso wosasinthasintha" womwe umawonjezera shuga mu zakudya ndi zakumwa umalumikizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwa ana. Gulu la FDA lidatsimikiziranso kuti shuga wowonjezera, makamaka omwe amachokera ku zakumwa zotsekemera ndi shuga, zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga. Inapeza umboni "wodekha" womwe umawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda oopsa, stroko, ndi matenda amtima.

Kugwedeza chizolowezi cha shuga

Monga umboni wazovuta zake zaumoyo, anthu aku America ambiri akudumpha soda, kaya nthawi zonse kapena zakudya. Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa wa Gallup, anthu tsopano akupewa soda pa zosankha zina zoyipa, kuphatikiza shuga, mafuta, nyama yofiira, ndi mchere. Ponseponse, kumwa kwa Amerika zotsekemera kumachepa kutsatira kukwera mzaka za m'ma 1990 ndi pachimake mu 1999.

Zakudya, komabe, ndizovuta kutulutsa. Kutsata chinthu chimodzi kungakhale ndi zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Mafuta azakudya anali owonetseratu zaka 20 zapitazo malipoti atawonetsa kuti amachulukitsa mwayi wamatenda, kuphatikiza kunenepa kwambiri komanso mavuto amtima. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zambiri zamafuta ambiri monga mkaka, zokhwasula-khwasula, ndi makeke, makamaka, zidayamba kupereka zosankha zamafuta ochepa, nthawi zambiri kuwonjezera shuga kuti zikhale zokoma. Shuga zobisika izi zimatha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti anthu azitha kuyeza molondola momwe amagwiritsira ntchito shuga.

Ngakhale anthu amatha kuzindikira zolakwika za zotsekemera zochulukirapo ndipo akuchoka kwa iwo, akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti padakali kusintha komwe kuyenera kupangidwa. Dr. Allen Greene, dokotala wa ana ku Palo Alto, California, adati chakudya chotsika mtengo, chogwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kulumikizana ndi matenda akulu tsopano ndi nkhani yokhudza chilungamo cha anthu.

"Kungodziwa zonse sikokwanira," adauza Healthline. "Akufuna zofunikira kuti asinthe."

Chimodzi mwazinthuzi ndi zolondola, a Greene adati, sizomwe aliyense amapeza, makamaka ana.

Ngakhale ndizosaloledwa kulengeza zakumwa zakumwa ndi ndudu kwa ana, ndizovomerezeka kugulitsa zakudya zopanda thanzi kwa iwo pogwiritsa ntchito makatuni omwe amawakonda. M'malo mwake, ndi bizinesi yayikulu, yothandizidwa ndi zolembera misonkho zomwe akatswiri ena amati ziyenera kusiya kuchepetsa mliri wa kunenepa kwambiri.

Kukhazikitsa shuga kwa ana

Omwe amapanga zakumwa zotsekemera ndi zopatsa mphamvu mosazolowera amalimbana ndi ana ang'onoang'ono komanso ocheperako pazosangalatsa zilizonse. Pafupifupi theka la makampani akumwa mowa okwana $ 866 miliyoni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsatsa achichepere, malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa la Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Omwe amapanga chakudya chofulumira, chimanga cham'mawa, ndi zakumwa zopangidwa ndi kaboni, zonse zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wowonjezera wazakudya zaku America, amalipira ambiri - {textend} 72% - {textend} yazakudya zogulitsidwa kwa ana.

Ripoti la FTC, lomwe lidatumizidwa kuthana ndi mliri wa kunenepa kwambiri ku America, lidapeza kuti pafupifupi shuga zonse zakumwa zomwe zidagulitsidwa kwa ana zimawonjezeredwa shuga, zomwe zimaposa magalamu 20 pakatumikira. Izi ndizoposa theka la kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa amuna akulu.

Zosakaniza zomwe zimagulitsidwa kwa ana ndi achinyamata ndizochita zoipa kwambiri, ndi zochepa chabe za msonkhano wa mafuta ochepa, mafuta ochepa kwambiri, kapena sodium yochepa. Pafupifupi palibe amene angawoneke ngati gwero labwino la fiber kapena osachepera theka la mbewu zonse, lipotilo likuti. Nthawi zambiri, zakudya izi zimavomerezedwa ndi anthu otchuka omwe ana amatsanzira, ngakhale zinthu zambiri zomwe amavomereza zimagwera mgulu lazakudya zopanda pake.

Kafukufuku amene adatulutsidwa mu Juni mu magazini ya Pediatrics adapeza kuti 71% ya zakumwa zosamweretsa zakumwa 69 zomwe zimakwezedwa ndi otchuka anali amtundu wa shuga wotsekemera. Mwa otchuka 65 omwe adavomereza chakudya kapena zakumwa, opitilira 80 peresenti anali ndi mwayi wopatsidwa mphoto ya Teen Choice kamodzi, ndipo 80% ya zakudya ndi zakumwa zomwe adavomereza zinali zopanda mphamvu kapena zoperewera kwa michere. Omwe anali ndi zovomerezeka kwambiri pazakudya ndi zakumwa anali oimba otchuka Baauer, will.i.am, Justin Timberlake, Maroon 5, ndi Britney Spears. Ndipo kuwonera zovomerezekazi kumatha kukhala ndi gawo limodzi pakukula kwamphamvu komwe mwana amavala.

Kafukufuku wina wa UCLA adatsimikiza kuti kuwonera kanema wawayilesi wamalonda, mosiyana ndi ma DVD kapena pulogalamu yamaphunziro, yolumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi index ya mass body (BMI), makamaka kwa ana ochepera zaka 6. Izi, ofufuza adati, ndichifukwa choti ana amawona, pafupifupi, zotsatsa zawailesi yakanema 4,000 pachakudya ali ndi zaka 5.

Kuchepetsa kunenepa kwambiri paubwana

Pansi pa malamulo amisonkho, makampani amatha kutenga ndalama zotsatsa ndi zotsatsa kuchokera kumisonkho yomwe amapeza, kuphatikiza omwe amalimbikitsa mwanayo zakudya zopanda thanzi. Mu 2014, opanga malamulo adayesa kupititsa bilu - {textend} lamulo la Stop Subsidizing Childhood Obesity Act - {textend} lomwe lingathetse kuchotsera msonkho pakutsatsa zakudya zopanda pake kwa ana. Idathandizidwa ndi mabungwe akuluakulu azaumoyo koma adamwalira ku Congress.

Kuchotsa ndalama zothandizira misonkho ndi njira imodzi yomwe ingachepetse kunenepa kwambiri kwa ana, malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu Health Affairs. Asayansi ochokera m'masukulu ena apamwamba azachipatala ku United States adasanthula njira zotsika mtengo komanso zothandiza kuthana ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwa ana, ndikupeza kuti misonkho ya zakumwa zotsekemera zotsekemera, kutha ndalama zothandizira misonkho, ndikuyika magawo azakudya ndi zakumwa zogulitsidwa m'masukulu kunja chakudya chinali chothandiza kwambiri.

Pafupifupi, ofufuzawo adazindikira kuti, njirazi zitha kuletsa milandu yatsopano ya kunenepa kwaunyamata pofika chaka cha 2025. Pa dola iliyonse yomwe agwiritsa ntchito, ndalama zonse zatsimikiziridwa kuti zizikhala pakati pa $ 4.56 ndi $ 32.53 pachimodzi.

"Funso lofunika kwambiri kwa omwe amapanga mfundo zake ndi loti, chifukwa chiyani satsatira njira zotsika mtengo zomwe zitha kupewa kunenepa kwambiri kwa ana komanso zomwe zimawononga ndalama zochepa kuposa momwe angachitire anthu?" ofufuza analemba mu kafukufukuyu.

Ngakhale kuyesa kupereka misonkho pa zakumwa zotsekemera ku United States nthawi zambiri kumakumana ndi kukakamizidwa kwambiri ndi makampani, Mexico idakhazikitsa msonkho waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zidapangitsa kutsika kwa 12% pamalonda a soda mchaka choyamba. Ku Thailand, kampeni yaposachedwa kwambiri yothandizidwa ndi boma yokhudza kumwa shuga imawonetsa zithunzi zowoneka bwino za zilonda zotseguka, zosonyeza momwe matenda osagwirizana ndi matenda ashuga amalepheretsa zilonda kuchira. Ndizofanana ndi zolemba zojambula zomwe mayiko ena ali nazo polemba ndudu.

Pankhani ya soda, Australia imabwereranso kutsatsa koyipa, komanso ndiyonso imodzi mwampikisano wotsatsa kwambiri wazaka za m'ma 2000.

Kuchokera kuzinthu zongopeka mpaka kugawana

Mu 2008, a Coca-Cola adakhazikitsa kampeni ku Australia yotchedwa "Amayi ndi Kukhulupirira Nthano." Inali ndi wochita sewero Kerry Armstrong ndipo cholinga chake chinali "kumvetsetsa chowonadi cha Coca-Cola."

“Bodza. Zimakupangitsani kukhala wonenepa. Bodza. Imawola mano anu. Bodza. Wodzaza ndi caffeine, ”ndi omwe mawu omwe Australian Competition and Consumer Commission adakumana nawo, makamaka ponena kuti kholo lomwe lingakhale ndiudindo lingaphatikizepo Coke pachakudya cha banja ndipo osadandaula za zomwe zingachitike ndi thanzi lawo. Coca-Cola amayenera kutsatsa mu 2009 kukonza "zabodza" zomwe akuti zakumwa zawo zimathandizira kunenepa, kunenepa kwambiri, ndi kuwola kwa mano.

Zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake, Coke anali kufunafuna kampeni yatsopano yachilimwe. Gulu lawo lotsatsa limapatsidwa ufulu "kuti lipereke lingaliro losokoneza lomwe lingakhale mitu yankhani," yolunjika kwa achinyamata komanso achinyamata.

Kampeni ya "Share a Coke", yokhala ndi mabotolo okhala ndi mayina odziwika bwino ku Australia 150, idabadwa. Idamasulira zitini ndi mabotolo mamiliyoni 250 omwe adagulitsidwa mdziko la anthu mamiliyoni 23 mchilimwe 2012. Kampeniyi idakhala chodabwitsa padziko lonse lapansi, popeza Coke, yemwe anali mtsogoleri wadziko lonse lapansi pakumwa zakumwa zotsekemera, adawononga $ 3.3 biliyoni kutsatsa mu 2012. Ogilvy, the bungwe lazotsatsa lomwe lidabwera ndi mayi wokonda nthano komanso kampeni ya Share a Coke, adapambana mphotho zambiri, kuphatikiza Creative Effectiveness Lion.

Zac Hutchings, waku Brisbane, anali ndi zaka 18 pomwe kampeni idayamba. Pomwe adawona abwenzi atalemba mabotolo okhala ndi mayina awo pazanema, sizinamulimbikitse kugula koloko.

"Nthawi yomweyo ndikaganiza zakumwa kwambiri Coke ndimaganiza za kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda ashuga," adauza Healthline. "Nthawi zambiri ndimapewa tiyi kapena tiyi kapena khofi nthawi iliyonse yomwe ndingathe, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'menemo ndikopanda pake, koma ndichifukwa chake anthu amakonda kukoma kwake?"

Onani chifukwa chake yakwana nthawi #BreakUpWithSugar