Demyelion: Ndi Chiyani Ndipo Chifukwa Chiyani Zimachitika?

Zamkati

• Mitsempha
• Myelin
• Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchotsedwa
• Zizindikiro zakutha
• Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kuchotsedwa pamadzi
• Zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kukhudzika kwa mitsempha
• Mitundu yochotsedweratu
• Kutupa kwamatenda
• Kutha kwachisawawa
• Kuthamangitsidwa ndi matenda a ziwalo
• Chithandizo ndi matenda
• Demyelination MRI
• Zolemba
• Katemera ndi kuwonongedwa
• Tengera kwina

Kodi kuchotsa demokalase ndi chiyani?

Mitsempha imatumiza ndikulandila mauthenga ochokera mbali iliyonse ya thupi lanu ndikuzikonza muubongo wanu. Amakulolani kuti:

• lankhulani
• mwawona
• mverani
• ganizani

Mitsempha yambiri imakutidwa ndi myelin. Myelin ndizotetezera. Ikawonongeka kapena kuwonongeka, mitsempha imatha kuwonongeka, ndikupangitsa mavuto muubongo komanso mthupi lonse. Kuwonongeka kwa myelin kuzungulira mitsempha kumatchedwa demyelination.

Mitsempha

Mitsempha imakhala ndi ma neuron. Neurons amapangidwa ndi:

• thupi lanyama
• olembetsa
• nkhwangwa

Axon imatumiza mauthenga kuchokera ku neuron kupita ku yotsatira. Ma axoni amalumikizanso ma neuron ndi ma cell ena, monga minofu yaminyewa.

Ma axon ena ndi achidule kwambiri, pomwe ena amatalika mamita atatu. Ma axoni amaphimbidwa ndi myelin. Myelin amateteza ma axon ndikuthandizira kunyamula mauthenga a axon mwachangu momwe angathere.

Myelin

Myelin amapangidwa ndi zigawo za nembanemba zomwe zimaphimba axon. Izi ndizofanana ndi lingaliro la waya wamagetsi wokhala ndi zokutira zoteteza chitsulo pansi pake.

Myelin amalola chizindikiro cha mitsempha kuyenda mwachangu. Mu ma neuron osatulutsidwa, chizindikiro chimatha kuyenda m'mitsempha pafupifupi mita imodzi pamphindikati. Mu neuron wosungunuka, chizindikirocho chimatha kuyenda mita 100 pamphindikati.

Matenda ena amatha kuwononga myelin. Demyelination imachedwetsa mauthenga omwe amatumizidwa limodzi ndi ma axon ndikupangitsa kuti axon iwonongeke. Kutengera komwe kuwonongeka, kutayika kwa axon kungayambitse mavuto ndi:

• kumverera
• kusuntha
• powona
• kumva
• kuganiza bwino

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchotsedwa

Kutupa ndi komwe kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa myelin. Zina mwa zifukwa zake ndi izi:

• matenda ena a mavairasi
• mavuto amadzimadzi
• kutayika kwa mpweya
• kupanikizika kwakuthupi

Zizindikiro zakutha

Kutulutsa magazi kumalepheretsa mitsempha kuti izitha kutumiza mauthenga kupita ndi kubwera kuubongo. Zotsatira zakuchotsa demokalase zitha kuchitika mwachangu. Mu matenda a Guillain-Barré (GBS), myelin imangokhala pachiwopsezo kwa maola ochepa zizindikiro zisanachitike.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kuchotsedwa pamadzi

Sikuti aliyense amakhudzidwa ndikuwononga mikhalidwe momwemo. Komabe, zizindikiro zina zochotsera anthu mphamvu ndizofala kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira - zomwe ndi zina mwazizindikiro zoyamba za kuchotsedwa pagulu - zimaphatikizapo:

• kutaya masomphenya
• mavuto a chikhodzodzo kapena matumbo
• zachilendo kupweteka kwa mitsempha
• kutopa kwathunthu

Zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kukhudzika kwa mitsempha

Mitsempha ndi gawo lofunikira m'thupi lanu, kotero zizindikilo zingapo zimatha kuchitika ngati mitsempha imakhudzidwa ndikuchotsedweratu, kuphatikiza:

• dzanzi
• kutayika kwa malingaliro ndi mayendedwe osagwirizana
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kusawona bwino
• chizungulire
• kuthamanga kwa mtima kapena kugundana
• mavuto okumbukira
• ululu
• kutaya chikhodzodzo ndi matumbo
• kutopa

Zizindikiro zimatha kubwera ndikumadwala, monga multiple sclerosis (MS), ndikupita patsogolo pazaka zambiri.

Mitundu yochotsedweratu

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yochotsa demokalase. Izi zikuphatikiza kuchotsedwetsa khungu komanso kuchotsa ma virus.

Kutupa kwamatenda

Kutupa kwamatenda kumachitika pamene chitetezo chamthupi chimagwiritsa ntchito myelin. Mitundu yochotsedweratu monga MS, optic neuritis, ndi encephalomyelitis yomwe imafalikira kwambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kutupa muubongo ndi msana.

GBS imakhudzanso kutayika kwamitsempha yam'madera am'magawo ena amthupi.

Kutha kwachisawawa

Kuwonongedwa kwa ma virus kumachitika ndikukula kwa leukoencephalopathy (PML). PML imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka JC. Kuwonongeka kwa Myelin kumatha kuchitika ndi:

• uchidakwa
• kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi
• Kusamvana kwa electrolyte

Hypoxic-ischemic demyelination imachitika chifukwa cha matenda am'mimba kapena kusowa kwa mpweya muubongo.

Kuthamangitsidwa ndi matenda a ziwalo

MS ndiye chiwonetsero chofala kwambiri. Malinga ndi National MS Society, imakhudza anthu 2.3 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi.

Mu MS, kuchotsedwako kumachitika pankhani yoyera yaubongo ndi msana.Zilonda kapena "zikwangwani" zimapanga komwe myelin imawukiridwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Zambiri mwazolembazi, kapena zilonda zofiira, zimachitika muubongo wazaka zambiri.

Mitundu ya MS ndi iyi:

• matenda opatsirana
• Kubwezeretsanso MS
• MS yopita patsogolo
• MS yachiwiri yopita patsogolo

Chithandizo ndi matenda

Palibe mankhwala ochotsera zinthu, koma kukula kwatsopano kwa myelin kumatha kuchitika m'malo owonongeka. Komabe, nthawi zambiri imakhala yopyapyala komanso yosagwira ntchito. Ofufuzawa akuyang'ana njira zowonjezera thupi kuti likule ndi myelin watsopano.

Njira zambiri zochizira matendawa zimachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Kuchiza kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga interferon beta-1a kapena glatiramer acetate.

Anthu omwe ali ndi mavitamini D ochepa amakhala ndi MS kapena zina zomwe zimawononga. Mavitamini D ambiri amachepetsa mayankho otupa amthupi.

Demyelination MRI

Zinthu zowonongera thupi, makamaka MS ndi optic neuritis, kapena kutupa kwa mitsempha yamawonedwe, zimawoneka ndi mawonekedwe a MRI. Ma MRIs amatha kuwonetsa mabala am'magazi muubongo ndi m'mitsempha, makamaka omwe amayamba ndi MS.

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amatha kupeza zikwangwani kapena zotupa zomwe zimakhudza dongosolo lanu lamanjenje. Chithandizochi chitha kutumizidwa mwachindunji komwe kumayambitsa kuchotsedwa kwa thupi lanu.

Zolemba

Mitsempha yapakati (CNS) imatha kupanga cholesterol yake. Zowonetsa pakadali pano kuti ngati mutenga ma statins kuti muchepetse cholesterol m'thupi lanu, sangakhudze cholesterol yanu ya CNS.

Kafukufuku wambiri apezanso kuti chithandizo cha statin chitha kuteteza ku Alzheimer's (AD) mwa anthu omwe sanakhalepo ndi vuto lakuzindikira ndipo akadali achichepere.

apeza kuti ma statins amatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa chidziwitso ndikuchedwetsa kuyambika kwa AD. Kafukufuku akupitilizabe, ndipo tiribe yankho lotsimikizika pano. Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti ma statins samakhudza CNS kapena kukonzanso, ndipo enanso amati amatero.

Pakadali pano, maumboni ambiri sawonetsa kuti mankhwala a statin amakhala owopsa pakukonzanso mkati mwa CNS. Komabe, zotsatira za ma statins pakugwira ntchito kwazidziwitso zimatsutsanabe panthawi ino.

Katemera ndi kuwonongedwa

Kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi ndi katemera kumatha kuyambitsa chitetezo chamankhwala. Izi zimachitika mwa anthu ochepa okha omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chodetsa nkhawa.

Ana ndi achikulire ena amakhala ndi "ma syndromes owopsa owononga thupi" atapezeka ndi katemera wina, monga wa fuluwenza kapena HPV.

Koma pakhala pali milandu 71 yolembedwa kuyambira 1979 mpaka 2014, ndipo sizikudziwika kuti katemera ndi omwe adayambitsa kuchotsedwa.

Tengera kwina

Zinthu zokhala ndi ziwonetsero zitha kuwoneka zopweteka komanso zosatheka kuzisintha poyamba. Komabe, ndizotheka kukhala bwino ndi MS ndi zina zofananira.

Pali kafukufuku watsopano wolonjeza pazomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongedwa kwa magazi komanso momwe angapangire zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa myelin. Mankhwala akuthandizidwanso pakuthana ndi zowawa zomwe zimadza chifukwa chotsitsidwa.

Kutulutsa zinthu mwina sikungachiritsike. Komabe, mutha kuyankhulana ndi azaumoyo anu za mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena omwe angakuthandizeni kudziwa zambiri za matenda anu.

Mukamadziwa zambiri, ndizomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse zizindikilo, monga kusintha moyo wanu, kukuthandizani kuthana ndi ululu.