Euthanasia, orthothanasia kapena dysthanasia: zomwe ali ndi kusiyana

Zamkati

• 1. Dysthanasia
• 2. Kudzipha
• 3. Orthothanasia

Dystanasia, euthanasia ndi orthothanasia ndi mawu omwe akuwonetsa zamankhwala zokhudzana ndi imfa ya wodwalayo. Mwambiri, euthanasia itha kufotokozedwa ngati "kuyembekezera kufa", dysthanasia ngati "kufa pang'ono, ndikuvutika", pomwe orthothanasia imayimira "imfa yachilengedwe, popanda kuyembekeza kapena kutalikitsa".

Njira zamankhwala izi zimakambidwa kwambiri pamalingaliro azikhalidwe, komwe ndi komwe kumafufuza zofunikira pakuwongolera moyenerera moyo wa anthu, nyama ndi chilengedwe, monga malingaliro amasiyana malinga ndi kuthandizira kapena ayi kwa machitachitawa.

Izi ndi zosiyana zazikulu pakati pa dysthanasia, euthanasia ndi orthothanasia:

1. Dysthanasia

Dysthanasia ndi mawu azachipatala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza njira zamankhwala zokhudzana ndi kufa kwa wodwala komanso zomwe zikufanana ndi kutalikitsa moyo kosafunikira pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe angabweretse mavuto kwa munthuyo.

Chifukwa chake, popeza imalimbikitsa kutalikitsa kwa ululu ndi kuvutika, dysthanasia imawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yoipa yamankhwala, chifukwa, ngakhale imachepetsa zisonyezo, sizimapangitsa moyo wamunthuyo kukhala wamtendere, ndikupangitsa kuti imfa ichedwe komanso imve kuwawa.

2. Kudzipha

Euthanasia ndi njira yofupikitsa moyo wamunthu, ndiye kuti, ili ndi mfundo yothetsera kuvutika kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda owopsa komanso osachiritsika, pomwe kulibenso mankhwala omwe angachitike kuti athetse matenda amunthu.

Komabe, matenda akudzipha saloledwa m'maiko ambiri, chifukwa amakhudza moyo wa munthu. Akatswiri olimbana ndi mchitidwewu akuti moyo wa munthu ndiwosawukiridwa, ndipo palibe amene ali ndi ufulu wofupikitsa, ndipo, kuwonjezera apo, ndizovuta kwambiri kutanthauzira kuti ndi anthu ati omwe angathe kupulumutsiratu mavuto awo osayembekezera kufa kwawo.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya euthanasia, yomwe imafotokozera bwino momwe chiyembekezo ichi cha imfa chidzachitikira, ndikuphatikizira:

• Kudzipereka mwakufuna kwanu: zimachitika popereka mankhwala kapena kuchita zina mwanjira kuti wodwalayo afe, atavomereza;
• Kuthandiza kudzipha: ndichinthu chomwe chimachitika pomwe dotolo amapereka mankhwala kuti wodwalayo afupikitse moyo wake;
• Euthanasia wokhazikika: ndikuthandizira mankhwala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothanirana ndi wodwalayo kuti afe, panthawi yomwe wodwalayo sanavomereze kale. Mchitidwewu ndiwosaloledwa m'maiko onse.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti pali njira ina yodzichiritsira matenda yotchedwa euthanasia, yodziwika ndi kuyimitsidwa kapena kuchotsedwa kwa mankhwala omwe amasunga moyo wa wodwalayo, osapereka mankhwala aliwonse pachidule chake. Mawuwa sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, chifukwa akuti, sizikupangitsa kuti munthu afe, koma amalola kuti wodwalayo afe mwachilengedwe, ndipo atha kupangika pochita orthothanasia.

3. Orthothanasia

Orthothanasia ndichithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chimalimbikitsa kupititsa patsogolo imfa yachilengedwe, osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osathandiza, oopsa kapena opangira kuti munthuyo akhale wamoyo komanso kupitiriza kufa, monga kupuma kudzera pazida, mwachitsanzo.

Orthothanasia imagwiritsidwa ntchito palliative care, yomwe ndi njira yomwe imayesetsa kukhalabe ndi moyo wodwalayo, ndi banja lake, pakagwa matenda akulu osachiritsika, kuthandizira kuwongolera zizindikiritso zakuthupi, zamaganizidwe ndi chikhalidwe. Mvetsetsani tanthauzo la chisamaliro chodziletsa komanso nthawi yomwe chiwonetserochi chikuwonetsedwa.

Chifukwa chake, mu orthothanasia, imfa imawoneka ngati chinthu chachilengedwe chomwe munthu aliyense adzadutsamo, kufunafuna cholinga chomwe sichingafupikitse kapena kuimitsa imfa, koma kufunafuna njira yabwino yopitilira, kusunga ulemu wa munthuyo. yemwe akudwala.