Manyowa a gram-negative

Meningitis imakhalapo pamene nembanemba zophimba ubongo ndi msana zimatupa ndikutupa. Chophimba ichi chimatchedwa meninges.

Mabakiteriya ndi mtundu umodzi wa majeremusi omwe angayambitse matendawa. Mabakiteriya a gram-negative ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe amachita chimodzimodzi mthupi. Amatchedwa gram-negative chifukwa amasintha pinki akamayesedwa mu labotore ndi banga linalake lotchedwa Gram stain.

Matenda oyambitsa bakiteriya amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana a Gram-negative kuphatikiza meningococcal ndi H chimfine.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za meningitis ya gram-negative yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya otsatirawa:

• Escherichia coli
• Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Serratia marsescens

Grin-negative meningitis imafala kwambiri kwa makanda kuposa achikulire. Koma zimatha kuchitika kwa akuluakulu, makamaka omwe ali ndi zoopsa chimodzi kapena zingapo. Zowopsa kwa akulu ndi ana ndizo:

• Matenda (makamaka m'mimba kapena mumikodzo)
• Opaleshoni yaposachedwa yaubongo
• Kuvulala kwaposachedwa pamutu
• Zovuta za msana
• Spinal fluid shunt mayikidwe pambuyo pa opaleshoni yaubongo
• Zovuta zapamtunda
• Matenda a mkodzo
• Kufooka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi

Zizindikiro zimabwera mwachangu, ndipo zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Malungo ndi kuzizira
• Maganizo amasintha
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Kuzindikira kuwala (photophobia)
• Mutu wopweteka kwambiri
• Khosi lolimba (meningismus)
• Zizindikiro za chikhodzodzo, impso, matumbo, kapena matenda am'mapapo

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingachitike ndi matendawa:

• Kusokonezeka
• Kukula kwazithunzi m'makanda
• Kuchepetsa chidziwitso
• Kudyetsa osauka kapena kukwiya kwa ana
• Kupuma mofulumira
• Kukhazikika kosazolowereka, mutu ndi khosi zitabwerera chammbuyo (opisthotonos)

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa. Mafunso amayang'ana kwambiri pazizindikiro komanso kuwonekera kwa munthu yemwe angakhale ndi zofananazo, monga khosi lolimba ndi malungo.

Ngati wothandizirayo akuganiza kuti meningitis ndiyotheka, kuponyedwa kwa lumbar (tapu ya msana) kumachitika kuti achotse mtundu wamadzimadzi oyeserera poyesa.

Mayesero ena omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Chikhalidwe chamagazi
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Kujambula kwa CT pamutu
• Mafuta a gramu, madontho ena apadera

Maantibayotiki ayambitsidwa posachedwa. Ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, ndi cefepime ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri maantibayotiki amtunduwu. Maantibayotiki ena amatha kuperekedwa, kutengera mtundu wa mabakiteriya.

Ngati muli ndi vuto la msana, limatha kuchotsedwa.

Chithandizo choyambirira chimayambika, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino.

Anthu ambiri amachira kwathunthu. Koma, anthu ambiri ali ndi vuto losatha laubongo kapena amafa ndi mtundu uwu wa meningitis. Ana aang'ono ndi akulu azaka zopitilira 50 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chofa. Mumachita bwino bwanji zimadalira:

• Zaka zanu
• Momwe mankhwala amayambidwira posachedwa
• Thanzi lanu lonse

Zovuta zazitali zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo
• Kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi pakati pa chigaza ndi ubongo (subdural effusion)
• Kupanga kwamadzimadzi mkati mwa chigaza komwe kumatsogolera kukutupa kwa ubongo (hydrocephalus)
• Kutaya kwakumva
• Kugwidwa

Imbani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko kapena mupite kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa ngati mukukayikira kuti meningitis ili ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi izi:

• Mavuto akudya
• Kulira kwakukulu
• Kukwiya
• Malungo osaneneka

Meningitis imatha kukhala matenda owopsa.

Kuchiza mwachangu matenda opatsirana kumachepetsa zovuta ndi zovuta za meningitis.

Manyowa a gram-negative

• Central dongosolo lamanjenje ndi zotumphukira zamanjenje
• Kuwerengera kwa maselo a CSF

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Matenda a menititis. www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial.html. Idasinthidwa pa Ogasiti 6, 2019. Idapezeka pa Disembala 1, 2020.

Nath A. Meningitis: bakiteriya, mavairasi, ndi zina. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 384.

Hasbun R, Van de Beek D, Brouwer MC, Tunkel AR .. Pachimake meninjaitisi. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 87.