Matenda a Addison: chimene chiri, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Matenda a Addison, omwe amadziwika kuti "primary adrenal insufficiency" kapena "Addison's syndrome", amapezeka pamene adrenal kapena adrenal glands, omwe ali pamwamba pa impso, amasiya kutulutsa mahomoni a cortisol ndi aldosterone, omwe ali ndi udindo wowongolera kupsinjika, magazi kupanikizika ndi kuchepetsa kutupa. Chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwama mahomoniwa kumatha kubweretsa kufooka, hypotension komanso kumva kutopa kwathunthu. Kumvetsetsa bwino kuti cortisol ndi chiyani komanso kuti ndi chiyani.

Matendawa amatha kupezeka kwa anthu amisinkhu iliyonse, amuna kapena akazi, koma amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa 30 ndi 40 wazaka, ndipo amatha kuyambitsa zinthu zingapo, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali, matenda kapena matenda amthupi, mwachitsanzo.

Chithandizo cha matenda a Addison chimatsimikiziridwa ndi endocrinologist kutengera kuwunika kwa zizindikilo ndi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kudzera pakuyesa magazi ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhudzana ndi kuwonjezera kwa mahomoni.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro zimawoneka ngati kuchepa kwa mahomoni, komwe kungaphatikizepo:

• Kupweteka m'mimba;
• Zofooka;
• Kutopa
• Nseru;
• Kupopera;
• Kusadwala;
• Mawanga pakhungu, m'kamwa ndi m'makwinya otchedwa hyperpigmentation;
• Kutaya madzi m'thupi;
• Postural hypotension, yomwe imafanana ndi chizungulire poyimirira, ndikomoka.

Chifukwa ilibe zizindikiro zenizeni, matenda a Addison nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi matenda ena, monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kapena kupsinjika, komwe kumabweretsa kuchedwa pakupanga matenda oyenera.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Matendawa amapangidwa kudzera m'mayeso azachipatala, labotale ndi kujambula, monga tomography, imaging resonance imaging ndi mayeso kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa sodium, potaziyamu, ACTH ndi cortisol m'magazi. Nthawi zina, pangafunike kuyesa mayeso okondoweza a ACTH, momwe ndende ya cortisol imayesedwa isanachitike komanso itatha kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa ACTH. Onani momwe mayeso a ACTH amachitikira ndi momwe mungakonzekere.

Matendawa a Addison nthawi zambiri amapangidwa motsogola kwambiri, chifukwa kuvala kwa adrenal kapena adrenal gland kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzindikira zizindikilo zoyambirira.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Matenda a Addison nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda omwe amadzitchinjiriza, momwe chitetezo chamthupi chimayamba kuwukira thupi lomwelo, lomwe lingasokoneze magwiridwe antchito a adrenal glands. Komabe, amathanso kuyambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, matenda a mafangasi, mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya, monga blastomycosis, HIV ndi chifuwa chachikulu, mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza m'mitsempha.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha matenda a Addison cholinga chake ndikulowetsa kuchepa kwa mahomoni kudzera m'mankhwala, kuti zizindikirazo zithe. Ena mwa mankhwalawa ndi awa:

• Cortisol kapena hydrocortisone;
• Fludrocortisone;
• Prednisone;
• Mankhwala;
• Dexamethasone.

Mankhwalawa amachitika malinga ndi malingaliro a endocrinologist ndipo amayenera kuchitika kwa moyo wonse, popeza matendawa alibe mankhwala, komabe ndimankhwalawa amatha kuwongolera zizindikirazo. Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chamankhwala, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi sodium, calcium ndi vitamini D, kumathandizira kulimbana ndi zizindikilo, ndipo kuyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi katswiri wazakudya.