Matenda a Lyme ndi chiyani, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Lyme
• Momwe kufalitsa kumachitikira
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• 1. Kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki
• 2. Physiotherapy magawo

Matenda a Lyme, omwe amadziwikanso kuti matenda a nkhupakupa, ndi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa choluma kwa nkhuku yomwe ili ndi mabakiteriya Borrelia burgdorferi, kumabweretsa mawonekedwe ofiira ofiira ofiira pakhungu, omwe amakula pakapita nthawi.

Nthawi zambiri munthu samazindikira kuti nkhupakupa yaluma khungu, kungodziwa pokhapokha zizindikilo zikayamba kuwonekera. Zizindikiro zoyamba zikangozindikirika, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi katswiri wazachipatala kapena dokotala kuti mayesero athe kuchitidwa kuti atsimikizire matendawa, motero, chithandizo choyenera kwambiri chitha kuyambitsidwa, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maantibayotiki.

Ngati mankhwalawa sanachitike kapena sanachitike molondola, zovuta zimatha kuchitika, monga nyamakazi, meninjaitisi kapena mavuto amtima, omwe amachepetsa kwambiri moyo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za matenda a Lyme zikupita patsogolo ndipo zizindikiro zoyambirira, zomwe zimatchedwanso kuti zisonyezo zoyambirira, nthawi zambiri zimawoneka patatha masiku 3 mpaka 30 kulira kwa nkhuku yomwe ili ndi kachilombo, zazikuluzikulu ndizo:

• Zilonda za khungu ndi kufiyira pamalo olumirako, ofanana ndi diso la ng'ombe, pakati pa 2 ndi 30 cm, yomwe imakulira kukula ndi nthawi;
• Kutopa;
• Kupweteka kwa minofu, mafupa ndi mutu;
• Malungo ndi kuzizira;
• Khosi lolimba.

Mukakhala ndi zina mwazizindikirozi, makamaka limodzi ndi banga komanso kufiira pakhungu, ndibwino kuti mupite kukaonana ndi dokotala, kapena matenda opatsirana, kuti mutsimikizire matendawa ndikuyamba kulandira mankhwala opha tizilombo.

Komabe, ngati chithandizo sichinayambike munthawi yake, zizindikilo zimatha kuwonekera pambuyo pake ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhudzana ndi zovuta, monga:

• Matenda a nyamakazi, makamaka pa bondo, pomwe pamakhala kupweteka komanso kutupa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa;
• Zizindikiro zamitsempha, monga dzanzi ndi kupweteka kumapazi ndi manja, kufooka kwa minofu ya nkhope, kulephera kukumbukira komanso mavuto am'maganizo;
• Meninjaitisi, amene amakhala ndi mutu kwambiri, ouma khosi ndi kuchuluka kudziwa kuwala;
• Mavuto amtima, kudziwika chifukwa cha kugundana, kupuma movutikira komanso kukomoka.

Pamaso pazizindikirozi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupite kuchipatala kuti mukalandire chithandizo cha matendawa ndikupewa kukulirakulira kwa zovuta zomwe, zikalephera kuchiritsidwa, zitha kupha moyo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Lyme

Matenda a Lyme amayamba makamaka chifukwa cha kuluma kwa nkhupakupa zomwe zimapezeka ndi mabakiteriya Borrelia burgdorferi ndipo zimadya magazi amunthu, makamaka nkhupakupa za mitunduyo Ixodes ricinus. Kuti mitundu iyi ya nkhuku izitha kupatsira matendawa kwa anthu, ndikofunikira kuti akhalebe kwa munthuyo kwa maola 24.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kupezeka m'magazi a nyama zingapo, monga mphalapala ndi makoswe, mwachitsanzo, ndipo nkhupakupa zikawononga nyama izi, zimapeza mabakiteriya, ndipo zimatha kuzitumiza kwa nyama ndi anthu ena.

Momwe kufalitsa kumachitikira

Matenda a Lyme amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya Borrelia kutchfuneralhome zomwe zimatha kupezeka m'magazi a nyama zingapo monga makoswe, nswala kapena mbalame zakuda, mwachitsanzo. Nkhupakupa ikaluma imodzi mwa nyamazi, imadetsedwanso ndi mabakiteriya, ndipo imatha kupatsira mabakiteriyawo kwa anthu.

Nkhupakupa ndizochepa kwambiri kwakuti munthu sangadziwe kuti walumidwa, ndiye ngati pali kukayikirana, malo abwino oti ayang'anire nkhupakupa m'thupi ndi awa: kumbuyo kwa makutu, pamutu, pamchombo, m'khwapa , kubuula kapena kumbuyo kwa bondo, mwachitsanzo. Chiwopsezo chotenga kachilomboka chimakhala chachikulu nkhupakupa tikatha kukhala pakhungu kwa maola opitirira 24.

Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito kudera lamapiri monga oyenda, oyendetsa misasa, alimi, ogwira ntchito m'nkhalango kapena asirikali ali pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka cholumidwa ndi nkhupakupa ndikupeza matendawa. Onani matenda ena omwe angayambitsidwe ndi nkhupakupa.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Matenda a Lyme nthawi zambiri amapezeka kudzera mumayeso amwazi omwe amatha kuchitika patatha milungu 3 mpaka 6 munthu walumidwa ndi nkhupakupa, yomwe ndi nthawi yomwe zimatengera kuti matendawa akule ndikuwonekera pamayeso. Chifukwa chake, mayeso omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzindikira matenda a Lyme ndi awa:

• Kuyesa kwa ELISA: ndi mtundu wa kafukufuku wa serological wochitidwa ndi cholinga chodziwitsa ma antibodies omwe chitetezo chamthupi chimalimbana ndi mabakiteriya, motero, kutsimikizira kuchuluka kwa bakiteriya m'thupi;
• Kupenda kwa Western Blot: ndi mtundu woyesera momwe magazi ang'onoang'ono amagwiritsidwira ntchito kuphunzirira mapuloteni omwe ma antibodies amagwiritsa ntchito polimbana ndi mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matenda.

Matenda a Lyme amatsimikiziridwa ngati zotsatira za mayesero onsewa ndi zabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwerengera kwathunthu kwamagazi kumatha kupemphedwa, komanso kupenda khungu, lotchedwa Warthin Starry, zomwe ngakhale sizinafotokozedwe, zitha kukhala zothandiza pakuzindikira chifukwa cha zomwe apeza m'matenda ake.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha Matenda a Lyme chimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki monga Doxycycline, mwachitsanzo, ndipo mankhwalawa atayambitsidwa, kuchira mwachangu, kupewa mavuto.

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki

Chithandizo cha matenda a Lyme chiyenera kuwonetsedwa nthawi zonse ndi dokotala ndipo, nthawi zambiri, matendawa amachiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki, monga Doxycycline 100 mg, omwe amayenera kumwa kawiri pa tsiku kwa milungu iwiri kapena inayi kapena malinga ndi upangiri wachipatala. Pankhani ya ana ndi amayi apakati, kugwiritsa ntchito Amoxicillin kapena Azithromycin kumawonetsedwa munthawi yomweyo.

Nthawi zambiri, maantibayotiki amatengedwa pakamwa, komabe, pamavuto akulu kwambiri amafunika kuti agonekere kuchipatala kuti mankhwala azilowetsedwa m'mitsempha ndikupewa zovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, azimayi omwe akuyamwitsa amatha kuthandizidwa ndi maantibayotiki popanda mwana kukhala pachiwopsezo.

2. Physiotherapy magawo

Zinthu zikafika pachimake, matenda a Lyme amatha kuyambitsa nyamakazi, makamaka pa bondo, zomwe zimabweretsa kupweteka komanso kutupa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa. Zikatero, munthuyo angafunike kukhala ndi magawo a physiotherapy kuti ayambenso kuyenda komanso kuti azitha kuchita zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku popanda kupweteka. Gawoli limachitidwa ndi ma physiotherapists ndipo limaphatikizapo zolimbitsa thupi komanso kutambasula kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida molingana ndi kuopsa kwa milanduyo.

Nthawi zina, adokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga Ibuprofen, kuti achepetse kutupa kwamagulu.