Kuletsa Opioids Sikulepheretsa Kusuta. Zimangovulaza Anthu Omwe Amafunikira

Zamkati

• Purdue adauza madotolo kuti pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri, osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo otchedwa Oxycontin okonzeka kuthana ndi vutoli. Ngati.
• Koma kukhazikitsa malamulowa sikuti kumangomvetsetsa za vuto la opioid lokha - {textend} zitha kukhala zowopsa kwa odwala opweteka kwambiri.
• Chowonadi ndi chakuti, tili ndi zoletsa zambiri pamankhwala opioid, koma palibe chisonyezero kuti akuletsa kuledzera ndikuwonetsa kuti akupweteketsa odwala opweteka.
• Mofananamo, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala omwe mwalandira ndikotetezeka kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a "mseu", ngakhale munthuyo samakhala wodwala wopweteka koma ali ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito opioid.

Mliri wa opioid siwophweka monga momwe unakhalira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake.

Nthawi yoyamba yomwe ndimalowa mchipinda chodyera cha kuchipatala komwe ndimayenera kukhala mwezi wotsatira, gulu la amuna azaka za m'ma 50 lidandiyang'ana, natembenukira wina ndi mnzake, nati mogwirizana, "Oxy."

Pa nthawiyo ndinali ndi zaka 23. Kunali kubetcha bwino kuti aliyense wosakwanitsa zaka 40 akuchipatala analipo, mwina mwa zina, kuti agwiritse ntchito molakwika OxyContin. Pomwe ndidali pachidakwa chachikale, ndidazindikira posachedwa chifukwa chomwe adapangira izi.

Munali mu Januwale 2008. Chaka chimenecho, madotolo ku United States amalemba zonse zamankhwala opioid pamlingo wa 78.2 pa anthu 100.

Omwe amayendetsa manambalawa anali Purdue Pharma, opanga opioid oledzera kwambiri OxyContin, dzina la oxycodone. Kampaniyo idawononga ndalama mabiliyoni ambiri kugulitsa mankhwalawa osafotokoza nkhani yonse, kutengera mantha aku madotolo kuti akumva kupweteka.

Purdue adauza madotolo kuti pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri, osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo otchedwa Oxycontin okonzeka kuthana ndi vutoli. Ngati.

Tikudziwa tsopano zomwe Purdue ankadziwa nthawi imeneyo: OxyContin ndi oledzera kwambiri, makamaka pamlingo wambiri omwe a Purdue anali kulimbikitsa madokotala kuti apereke mankhwala. Ichi ndichifukwa chake malo anga azachipatala anali odzaza ndi anthu azaka za 20, 20s, ndi 30s, omwe adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito OxyContin.

Kulemba mopitilira muyeso kwa ma opioid kudakwera mu 2012, komwe kudalembedwa zolemba ku United States, zomwe zidafanana ndi zolemba 81.3 zolembedwa pa anthu 100.

Kuwonjezeka kwa zomwe a Purdue adachita, komanso kuwonjezerapo zoopsa zomwe zidachitika, nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa - {textend} andale akamayankhula zothana ndi vuto la opioid - {textend} amayamba poyankhula zakukhazikitsa malamulo oletsa opioid.

Koma kukhazikitsa malamulowa sikuti kumangomvetsetsa za vuto la opioid lokha - {textend} zitha kukhala zowopsa kwa odwala opweteka kwambiri.

Mu 2012, chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa mliriwu ndi mankhwala opioid, koma sizinachitike zaka pafupifupi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Madokotala akangomvetsetsa kuthekera kwa mankhwalawa, makamaka OxyContin, amakhala atapereka kale.

Malamulo a Opioid achepetsa chaka chilichonse kuyambira 2012, koma kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amafa ndi opioid akupitilizabe kukwera. Mu 2017, panali anthu 47,600 omwe amafa chifukwa cha opioid ku United States. Ochepera theka (17,029) mwa omwe adakhudza ma opioid akuchipatala.

Komanso, kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ambiri mwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito molakwika ma opioid musatero muwapeze kuchokera kwa adotolo, koma m'malo mwake gwiritsani ntchito molakwika mankhwala omwe amapatsidwa kwa abale kapena abwenzi.

Ndiye, ndichifukwa chiyani izi zili choncho? Anthu omwe ali ndi zolinga zabwino atha kufunsa, "Ngati mankhwala opioid omwe akukhudzana nawo sakugwirizana ngakhale pang'ono ndi mliri wa opioid, sikuti kuwaletsa ndi chinthu chabwino?"

Chowonadi ndi chakuti, tili ndi zoletsa zambiri pamankhwala opioid, koma palibe chisonyezero kuti akuletsa kuledzera ndikuwonetsa kuti akupweteketsa odwala opweteka.

Trish Randall, yemwe ali ndi ululu wosadwaladwala womwe umatchedwa pancreas divisum, akufotokoza kuti ali pa opioid yayitali komanso yayikulu kwambiri ngati "woyang'aniridwa ndi wakupha anthu."

Adafotokozera izi zoletsa mu Fyuluta:

“Wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira zikhalidwe monga zolembedwa pamapepala okha, osayimba foni; kusankhidwa mwa-munthu pakatha masiku 28 aliwonse; ndipo kuwerengetsa mkodzo ndi kuwerengera kwa mapiritsi nthawi iliyonse kapena nthawi iliyonse, kapena pa maola 24 zindikirani nthawi iliyonse yomwe ndimalandila foni. Ndi dokotala m'modzi yekha komanso mankhwala amodzi omwe amatha kusamalira mankhwalawa. Mavuto ena sangaphatikizepo ndudu, mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo (pamalingaliro akuti odwala akumva kuwawa ayenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo), ndikuyenera kupita nawo kukaonana ndi amisala kapena amisala. ”

Ngati ma opioid amtundu wa mankhwala samakhudzidwa ndi imfa zambiri zokhudzana ndi opioid, ndizankhanza kukhazikitsa zoletsa zomwe zimalepheretsa anthu omwe ali ndi ululu wopweteka kuti asapeze mpumulo womwe angafune.

Pomwe malamulo amalembedwa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi ululu wosatha ndipo sangathe kulandira mankhwala omwe amafunikira, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chotembenukira kuma opioid amsika wakuda ngati heroin kapena fentanyl yopanga. Ndipo mankhwalawa amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chopha bongo.

Mofananamo, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala omwe mwalandira ndikotetezeka kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a "mseu", ngakhale munthuyo samakhala wodwala wopweteka koma ali ndi vuto logwiritsa ntchito opioid.

Ndi chowonadi chovuta. Tili ndi vuto loganiza za wina yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opioid molakwika ngati akuchita china choyipa chomwe chiyenera kuyimitsidwa. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala akuchipatala ndikotetezeka kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito opioid pamsika wakuda.

Heroin ndi ma opioid opanga monga fentanyl nthawi zambiri amadulidwa ndi mankhwala ena ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu zosiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kupeza ofanana ndi mankhwalawa ku pharmacy kumatsimikizira kuti anthu amadziwa zomwe akudya komanso kuchuluka kwake.

Sindikunena kuti tibwerere m'masiku ovomerezeka a opioid 81.3 pa anthu 100. Ndipo banja la Sackler kumbuyo kwa Purdue Pharma liyenera kukhala ndi mlandu pochulukitsa chitetezo cha OxyContin ndikuwopseza zoopsa zake.

Koma odwala omwe ali ndi ululu wosatha komanso omwe ali ndi vuto la opioid sayenera kulipira zolakwika za Sacklers, makamaka ngati kutero sikungathetse mliri wa opioid. Chithandizo chothandizira (kuphatikizapo chithandizo chothandizidwa ndi mankhwala) kwa iwo omwe amawafuna ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuposa kuchepetsa kupatsidwa mankhwala kwa odwala opweteka kuti mwina mwake amazigwiritsa ntchito molakwika.

Pendulum ya mankhwala opioid idasunthira patali kwambiri mbali imodzi, koma kuyisiya iyo kuti isunthike kwambiri mbali inayo kumangovulaza kwambiri, osachepera.

Katie MacBride ndi wolemba pawokha komanso mkonzi wothandizira wa Anxy Magazine. Mutha kupeza ntchito yake mu Rolling Stone ndi Daily Beast, m'malo ena ogulitsa. Anakhala zaka zambiri zapitazo ndikugwiritsa ntchito zolemba za ana omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pakadali pano amathera nthawi yochulukirapo Twitter.