Mayeso Okwanira

Zamkati

• Kodi cholinga chomuyesa woyeserera ndi chiyani?
• Kodi mitundu yamayeso othandizira ndi yotani?
• Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji mayeso ovomerezeka?
• Kodi mayeso oyeserera amachitika bwanji?
• Kodi kuopsa kwa mayeso oyeserera ndi kotani?
• Kodi zotsatira za mayeso zikutanthauzanji?
• Zotsatira zoposa zachilendo
• Zotsatira zotsika kuposa zachilendo
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa mayeso owonjezera?

Kuyesa kophatikiza ndi chiyani?

Kuyezetsa koyesa ndi kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumayesa zochitika zamagulu a mapuloteni m'magazi. Mapuloteniwa amapanga makina othandizira, omwe ndi gawo limodzi lama chitetezo chamthupi.

Njira yothandizirayi imathandizira ma antibodies kuthana ndi matenda ndikuwononga zinthu zomwe sizachilendo mthupi. Zinthu zakunja izi zimatha kukhala ndi mavairasi, mabakiteriya, ndi majeremusi ena.

Njira yothandizirayi imaphatikizidwanso momwe matenda amthupi mokha komanso zinthu zina zotupa zimagwira ntchito. Munthu akakhala ndi matenda omwe amadzichitira yekha, thupi limawona ziwalo zake ngati zakunja ndipo zimapanga ma antibodies olimbana nawo.

Pali mapuloteni asanu ndi anayi akuluakulu othandizira, omwe amatchedwa C1 kudzera C9. Komabe, dongosololi ndi lovuta kwambiri. Pakadali pano, zinthu zopitilira 60 zomwe zimadziwika ndi chitetezo cha mthupi zimaphatikizana ndi mapuloteni othandizira akamayatsidwa.

Kuyeza kwathunthu kumayang'ana momwe zinthu zikuluzikulu zimagwirizanira poyeza kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni onse m'magazi anu. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimadziwika kwambiri chimadziwika kuti hemolytic complement, kapena muyeso wa CH50.

Magawo okwanira omwe ndi otsika kwambiri kapena okwera kwambiri amatha kuyambitsa mavuto.

Kodi cholinga chomuyesa woyeserera ndi chiyani?

Ntchito yodziyesa yoyeserera ndikuwunika matenda omwe amadzitchinjiriza kapena zovuta zina zama chitetezo chamthupi. Matenda ena amatha kukhala osakwanira mothandizana nawo.

Dokotala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso oyeserera kuti awone momwe munthu akumenyera matenda amthupi monga systemic lupus (SLE) kapena rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyeza kuthandizira kwamankhwala omwe akupitilirabe pamavuto amthupi mwanu ndimatenda ena a impso. Mayesowa atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuzindikira anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda ena.

Kodi mitundu yamayeso othandizira ndi yotani?

Kuyeza kwathunthu kumayang'ana momwe makina othandizira amagwirira ntchito bwino.

Dokotala nthawi zambiri amalamula kuyesedwa kwathunthu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yolephera kubanja komanso iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za:

• RA
• matenda a hemolytic uremic (HUS)
• matenda a impso
• SLE
• myasthenia gravis, matenda a neuromuscular
• matenda opatsirana, monga bacterial meningitis
• cryoglobulinemia, komwe ndiko kupezeka kwa mapuloteni osazolowereka m'magazi

Mayeso apadera, monga C2, C3, ndi C4, atha kuthandizira kuwunika matenda ena. Kutengera ndi zomwe mumapeza komanso mbiri yanu, dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa muyeso wokwanira, umodzi mwamayeso olimbana kwambiri, kapena onse atatu. Kukoka magazi ndizofunikira zonse.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji mayeso ovomerezeka?

Kuyezetsa kophatikizana kumafunikira kukoka magazi nthawi zonse. Palibe kukonzekera kapena kusala kofunikira.

Kodi mayeso oyeserera amachitika bwanji?

Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala adzatsata izi kuti akoke magazi:

1. Amachotsa khungu m'manja kapena m'manja mwanu.
2. Amakulunga kansalu kotanuka kumanja kuti magazi ambiri adzaze mitsempha.
3. Amayika singano yaying'ono mumitsempha yanu ndikukoka magaziwo mumtsuko wawung'ono. Mutha kumva kumenyedwa kapena kubaya kuchokera ku singano.
4. Mbale ikadzaza, amachotsa zotanuka ndi singano ndikuyika bandeji yaying'ono pamalo opumira.

Pakhoza kukhala kupweteka kwina kwa mkono komwe singano idalowa pakhungu. Mwinanso mutha kuvulazidwa pang'ono kapena kuphulika mutatha magazi.

Kodi kuopsa kwa mayeso oyeserera ndi kotani?

Kutulutsa magazi kumakhala ndi zoopsa zochepa. Zowopsa zochokera pagazi zimaphatikizapo:

• kutaya magazi kwambiri
• mutu wopepuka
• kukomoka
• matenda, omwe amatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse khungu likasweka

Adziwitseni dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi izi.

Kodi zotsatira za mayeso zikutanthauzanji?

Zotsatira za muyeso wokwanira wokwanira zimawonetsedwa m'mayunitsi pa mamililita. Kuyesa komwe kumayeza mapuloteni othandizira, kuphatikiza C3 ndi C4, amadziwika mu mamiligalamu pa desilita imodzi (mg / dL).

Izi ndi zomwe zimawerengedwa kwa anthu azaka 16 kapena kupitilira apo, malinga ndi Mayo Medical Laboratories. Makhalidwe amasiyana pakati pama laboratories. Kugonana komanso msinkhu zingakhudzenso milingo yomwe akuyembekezeredwa.

• Kuwonjezeka kwamagazi: mayunitsi 30 mpaka 75 pa ml (U / mL)
• C2: 25 mpaka 47 mg / dL
• C3: 75 mpaka 175 mg / dL
• C4: 14 mpaka 40 mg / dL

Zotsatira zoposa zachilendo

Makhalidwe apamwamba kuposa achilengedwe atha kuwonetsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri izi zimakhudzana ndi kutupa. Zina mwazomwe zimakhudzana ndi chokwanira chokwanira chingaphatikizepo:

• khansa
• matenda opatsirana
• Matenda a chiwindi osakhala mowa (NAFLD)
• matenda amadzimadzi
• kunenepa kwambiri
• matenda ashuga
• matenda amtima
• mikhalidwe ya khungu yosatha ngati psoriasis
• zilonda zam'mimba (UC)

Ntchito yothandizirana m'magazi imakhala yotsika kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amadzitchinjiriza monga lupus. Komabe, milingo yothandizana ndi magazi imatha kukhala yabwinobwino kapena yokwera ndi RA.

Zotsatira zotsika kuposa zachilendo

Magawo ena othandizira omwe ndiotsika kuposa momwe zitha kuchitikira ndi:

• lupus
• cirrhosis yokhala ndi chiwindi chowopsa kapena chiwindi
• glomerulonephritis, mtundu wa matenda a impso
• cholowa angioedema, chomwe ndi kutupa kwakanthawi kwamaso, manja, mapazi, ndi ziwalo zina zamkati
• kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi
• kuwonekera kwa matenda amthupi okha
• sepsis, matenda m'magazi
• septic mantha
• matenda a mafangasi
• Matenda ena opatsirana

Mwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana komanso odziyimira pawokha, milingo yothandizana nayo imatha kukhala yotsika kwambiri mwakuti imawonekeranso.

Anthu omwe alibe mapuloteni ena othandizira amatha kutenga matenda mosavuta. Kuphatikizana kumathandizanso kukulitsa matenda amthupi okha.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa mayeso owonjezera?

Akakoka magazi, omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo wanu azitumiza magazi awo ku labotale kuti akawasanthule. Kumbukirani kuti zotsatira zanu zonse zoyeserera zimatha kukhala zachilendo ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe mapuloteni angapo owonjezera. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za momwe zotsatirazi zikukhudzirani.

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuyesa kwambiri kuti mupeze matenda omaliza.