Matenda Oyambirira a Alzheimer's

Zamkati

• Zomwe zimayambitsa kuyambika koyambirira kwa Alzheimer's
• Mitundu yokhazikika
• Mitundu yowopsa
• Zizindikiro zakumayambiriro kwa matenda a Alzheimer's
• Kodi dokotala wanu adzayesa chiyani kuti adziwe matenda a Alzheimer's?
• Zoyeserera za chibadwa
• Pezani mankhwala msanga
• Kukhala ndimatenda oyamba a Alzheimer's
• Kuthandiza omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira

Matenda obadwa nawo amakhudza achinyamata

Anthu opitilira 5 miliyoni ku United States ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Matenda a Alzheimer ndimatenda am'mutu omwe amakhudza luso lanu loganiza ndi kukumbukira. Amadziwika kuti "Alzheimer's", kapena "Alzheimer's", pomwe zimachitika kwa munthu asanakwanitse zaka 65.

Ndizochepa kuti matenda a Alzheimer's ayambe kukhala ndi anthu azaka za m'ma 30 kapena 40. Zimakhudza kwambiri anthu azaka za m'ma 50. Pafupifupi 5 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer adzayamba kuzindikiritsa kuyambika kwa Alzheimer's. Dziwani zambiri pazomwe zingayambitse chiopsezo ndikukula kwa matenda oyamba a Alzheimer's komanso momwe mungathetsere matenda.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuyambika koyambirira kwa Alzheimer's

Achinyamata ambiri omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira ali ndi vutoli popanda chifukwa chodziwika. Koma anthu ena omwe amayamba kudwala matenda a Alzheimer's ali ndi vutoli chifukwa cha majini. Ofufuzawo atha kudziwa majini omwe amatsimikizira kapena kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi Alzheimer's.

Mitundu yokhazikika

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa chibadwa ndi "majini okhazikika." Mitundu yotsimikizira imatsimikizira kuti munthu adzayamba kudwala. Mitundu imeneyi imakhala yosakwana 5 peresenti ya matenda a Alzheimer's.

Pali majini atatu osadziwika omwe amayambitsa matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira:

• Mapuloteni otsegulira Amyloid (APP): Mapuloteniwa adapezeka mu 1987 ndipo amapezeka pama chromosomes awiri. Amapereka malangizo opangira mapuloteni omwe amapezeka muubongo, msana, ndi ziwalo zina.
• Bakuman-1 (PS1): Asayansi adazindikira jini iyi mu 1992. Imapezeka pagulu la 14 la chromosome. Kusiyana kwa PS1 ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Alzheimer's.
• Presenilin-2 (PS2) Uku ndikusintha kwachitatu komwe kumayambitsa matenda a Alzheimer's. Ili patsamba loyamba la chromosome ndipo idadziwika mu 1993.

Mitundu yowopsa

Mitundu itatu yotsimikizira imasiyana ndi apolipoprotein E (APOE-e4). APOE-e4 ​​ndi jini yomwe imadziwika kuti imakulitsa chiwopsezo cha Alzheimer's ndikupangitsa kuti zizioneka posachedwa. Koma sizimatsimikizira kuti wina adzalandira.

Mutha kulandira mtundu umodzi kapena ziwiri za APOE-e4 ​​jini. Makope awiri akuwonetsa chiopsezo chachikulu kuposa chimodzi. Akuyerekeza kuti APOE-4 ali pafupifupi 20 mpaka 25 peresenti ya matenda a Alzheimer's.

Zizindikiro zakumayambiriro kwa matenda a Alzheimer's

Anthu ambiri amakumbukirabe kwakanthawi. Kuyika makiyi olakwika, kuphimba dzina la wina, kapena kuyiwala chifukwa cholowera mchipinda ndi zitsanzo zochepa. Izi sizizindikiro zenizeni za matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira, koma mungafune kuyang'anira zizindikilozi ngati muli ndi chiopsezo cha majini.

Zizindikiro zoyambilira za Alzheimer's ndizofanana ndi mitundu ina ya Alzheimer's. Zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kusamala ndi izi:

• kuvuta kutsatira Chinsinsi
• kuvuta kuyankhula kapena kumeza
• kuyika zinthu mosalongosoka osatha kupeza njira kuti mupeze
• kulephera kusungitsa akaunti yowunika (kupitilira zolakwika zina masamu)
• kusochera popita kumalo omwe mumawadziwa
• Kutaya tsiku, tsiku, nthawi, kapena chaka
• kusintha kwa mikhalidwe ndi umunthu
• vuto ndi kuzindikira kwakuya kapena mavuto amwadzidzidzi
• kusiya ntchito ndi zina

Ngati muli ochepera zaka 65 ndipo mukukumana ndi izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.

Kodi dokotala wanu adzayesa chiyani kuti adziwe matenda a Alzheimer's?

Palibe mayeso amodzi omwe angatsimikizire kuyambika kwa Alzheimer's. Funsani dokotala wodziwa zambiri ngati muli ndi mbiri yoyambira ya Alzheimer's.

Atenga mbiri yonse yazachipatala, adzafufuza mwatsatanetsatane zamankhwala ndi zamitsempha, ndikuwunikanso zisonyezo zanu. Zizindikiro zina zitha kuwoneka ngati:

• nkhawa
• kukhumudwa
• kumwa mowa
• zotsatira zoyipa zamankhwala

Njira yodziwitsira itha kuphatikizaponso maginito opanga maginito (MRI) kapena ma scan computed tomography (CT) aubongo. Pakhoza kukhala kuyesa magazi kuti athetse zovuta zina.

Dokotala wanu adzatha kudziwa ngati mwayamba matenda a Alzheimer ataweruza zina.

Zoyeserera za chibadwa

Mungafune kukaonana ndi mlangizi wa majini ngati muli ndi m'bale wanu, kholo lanu, kapena agogo anu omwe adayamba Alzheimer's asanakwanitse zaka 65. Kuyesedwa kwa majini kumayang'ana kuti muwone ngati muli ndi majeremusi odziwitsira kapena oopsa omwe amayambitsa matenda a Alzheimer's.

Chisankho chokhala ndi mayesowa ndichamwini. Anthu ena amasankha kuphunzira ngati ali ndi jini kuti akonzekere momwe angathere.

Pezani mankhwala msanga

Musachedwe kuyankhulana ndi dokotala ngati mungakhale ndi matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira. Ngakhale kulibe kuchiza matendawa, kuupeza msanga kungakuthandizeni ndi mankhwala ena komanso kuwongolera zizindikilo. Mankhwalawa ndi awa:

• chopanga (Aricept)
• Rivastigmine (Exelon)
• galantamine (Razadyne)
• memantine (Namenda)

Mankhwala ena omwe angathandize poyambira matenda a Alzheimer's ndi awa:

• kukhalabe olimbikira
• maphunziro ozindikira
• zitsamba ndi zowonjezera
• kuchepetsa nkhawa

Kulumikizana ndi abwenzi komanso abale kuti muthandizidwe ndikofunikanso kwambiri.

Kukhala ndimatenda oyamba a Alzheimer's

Achinyamata akafika pagawo lomwe limafunikira chisamaliro chowonjezera, izi zimatha kupanga lingaliro loti matenda apita msanga. Koma anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la Alzheimer's oyambirira samapita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono. Ikupita kwazaka zingapo kwa achinyamata monga zimachitikira ndi akulu akulu kuposa 65.

Koma ndikofunikira kukonzekera pasadakhale utalandira matenda. Kuyambika koyambirira kwa Alzheimer's kumatha kukhudza mapulani anu azachuma komanso azamalamulo.

Zitsanzo zina zomwe zingathandize ndi monga:

• kufunafuna gulu lothandizira omwe ali ndi Alzheimer's
• kudalira abwenzi ndi abale kuti akuthandizeni
• kukambirana udindo wanu, ndi inshuwaransi yolemala, ndi abwana anu
• kupitiliza inshuwaransi yazaumoyo kuti muwonetsetse kuti mankhwala ndi mankhwala akuphimbidwa
• kukhala ndi mapepala a inshuwaransi yolemala bwino nthawi isanachitike
• kuchita mapulani azachuma mtsogolo ngati thanzi la munthu lisintha mwadzidzidzi

Musaope kupempha thandizo kwa ena panthawi imeneyi. Kukonzekera bwino pamoyo wanu kumatha kukupatsani mtendere wamaganizidwe mukamatsatira njira zotsatirazi.

Kuthandiza omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira

Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala a matenda a Alzheimer's. Koma pali njira zothandiza kusamalira vutoli ndikukhala moyo wathanzi momwe mungathere. Zitsanzo za njira zomwe mungakhalire bwino ndikumadwala matenda a Alzheimer ndi awa:

• kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi
• kuchepetsa kumwa mowa kapena kuthetsa kumwa mowa palimodzi
• kuchita njira zopumira kuti muchepetse kupsinjika
• kufikira mabungwe ngati Alzheimer's Association kuti mumve zambiri zamagulu othandizira ndi maphunziro omwe angachitike pofufuza

Ochita kafukufuku akuphunzira zambiri za matendawa tsiku lililonse.