Dziwani kuti ndi chiyani, zizindikiro zake ndi ziti ngati khunyu limachiritsidwa

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za khunyu
• Kuzindikira khunyu
• Zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu
• Chithandizo cha khunyu
• Chithandizo choyamba panthawi yakugwa khunyu

Khunyu ndi matenda amitsempha yapakati pomwe kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwamagetsi kumachitika komwe sikungayang'aniridwe ndi munthu mwiniyo, kuchititsa zizindikilo monga kuyenda kosalamulirika kwa thupi ndikuluma lilime, mwachitsanzo.

Matenda amitsempha awa alibe mankhwala, koma amatha kuwongoleredwa ndi mankhwala omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi neurologist, monga Carbamazepine kapena Oxcarbazepine. Nthawi zambiri, omwe ali ndi khunyu amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino, koma amayenera kulandira chithandizo cha moyo kuti asapewe ziwopsezo.

Aliyense atha kugwidwa khunyu nthawi ina yomwe ingayambike chifukwa chovulala pamutu, matenda monga meningitis kapena kumwa mowa kwambiri. Ndipo panthawiyi, polamulira zomwe zimayambitsa, khunyu imazimiririka.

Zizindikiro za khunyu

Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za kugwidwa khunyu ndi:

• Kutaya chidziwitso;
• Kupanikizika kwa minofu;
• Luma lilime;
• Kusadziletsa kwamikodzo;
• Kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe.

Kuphatikiza apo, khunyu sikuti nthawi zonse imawonekera chifukwa cha mitsempha ya mitsempha, monga momwe zimakhalira pakavuto komwe kulibe, komwe munthu amayimitsidwa, ndikuwoneka kosamveka bwino, ngati kuti wachotsedwa padziko lapansi kwa masekondi 10 mpaka 30. Dziwani zazizindikiro zina zamatenda amtunduwu pa: Momwe mungazindikire ndikusamalira zovuta zomwe zikupezeka.

Khunyu nthawi zambiri imatenga masekondi 30 mpaka mphindi 5, koma pamakhala milandu pomwe amatha kukhala mpaka theka la ola ndipo munthawi izi mwina kuwonongeka kwaubongo kumawonongeka kosasinthika.

Kuzindikira khunyu

Kupezeka kwa khunyu kumapangidwa ndikufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane zizindikilo zomwe zimaperekedwa munthawi ya khunyu ndipo zimatsimikizika kudzera m'mayeso monga:

• Electroencephalogram: kuti imawunika ubongo ntchito;
• Kuyezetsa magazi: kuwunika milingo ya shuga, calcium ndi sodium, chifukwa mitengo yake ikakhala yotsika kwambiri imatha kubweretsa ku khunyu;
• Electrocardiogram: kuwunika ngati zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu zimayambitsidwa ndi mavuto amtima;
• Tomography kapena MRI: kuwona ngati khunyu limayambitsidwa ndi khansa kapena sitiroko.
• Lumbar kuboola: kuti muwone ngati zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda aubongo.

Mayesowa akuyenera kuchitidwa, makamaka, panthawi yomwe munthu wagwidwa ndi khunyu chifukwa akagwidwa kunja kwa kulanda, sangathe kuwonetsa kusintha kwa ubongo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu

Khunyu limatha kukhudza anthu amisinkhu iliyonse, kuphatikiza ana kapena okalamba, ndipo limatha kuyambitsa zinthu zingapo monga:

• Kusokonezeka mutu mutagunda mutu kapena kutuluka magazi mkati mwaubongo;
• Kusokonekera kwa ubongo pa nthawi ya mimba;
• Kupezeka kwa ma syndromes amitsempha monga West Syndrome kapena Lennox-Gastaud Syndrome;
• Matenda amitsempha, monga Alzheimer's kapena Stroke;
• Kusowa kwa oxygen panthawi yobereka;
• Magazi otsika m'magazi kapena kuchepa kwa calcium kapena magnesium;
• Matenda opatsirana monga meningitis, encephalitis kapena neurocysticercosis;
• Chotupa cha ubongo;
• Kutentha thupi;
• Khalidwe lachibadwa.

Nthawi zina, sizimadziwika chifukwa cha khunyu, pomwe amatchedwa khunyu ndipo imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu monga kulira kwamphamvu, kunyezimira kapena kusakhala tulo kwa maola ambiri, mwachitsanzo. Mimba imathandizanso kuti anthu azidwala khunyu, chifukwa chake, onani zomwe mungachite apa.

Nthawi zambiri, kugwidwa koyamba kumachitika pakati pa 2 ndi 14 wazaka zakubadwa ndipo, pakagwidwa komwe kumachitika asanakwanitse zaka 2, zimakhudzana ndi zolakwika muubongo, kusamvana kwamankhwala kapena malungo akulu kwambiri. Kugwidwa kwamatsenga komwe kumayamba atakwanitsa zaka 25 mwina chifukwa cha kupwetekedwa mutu, sitiroko kapena chotupa.

Chithandizo cha khunyu

Chithandizo cha khunyu chimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma anticonvulsants amoyo owonetsedwa ndi neurologist, monga Phenobarbital, Valproate, Clonazepam ndi Carbamazepine, chifukwa mankhwalawa amathandiza munthu kuwongolera zochitika zamaubongo.

Komabe, pafupifupi 30% ya odwala omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi khunyu sangathe kuletsa kugwidwa ngakhale ndi mankhwala ndipo, chifukwa chake, nthawi zina, monga neurocysticercosis, opaleshoni imatha kuwonetsedwa. Dziwani zambiri za Chithandizo cha khunyu.

Chithandizo choyamba panthawi yakugwa khunyu

Pakamayambira khunyu, munthuyo amayenera kuyikidwa pambali pake kuti athe kupuma, ndipo sayenera kusunthidwa panthawi yakugwidwa, kuchotsa zinthu zomwe zitha kugwa kapena kupweteketsa munthu. Vutoli liyenera kudutsa mkati mwa mphindi 5, ngati zingatenge nthawi yayitali ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mumutengere munthuyo kupita kuchipinda chadzidzidzi kapena kuyimbira ambulansi poyimbira 192. Phunzirani choti muchite pamavuto a khunyu.