Mayeso 7 kuti muwone thanzi la mtima

Zamkati

• 1. X-ray pachifuwa
• 2. Electrocardiogram
• 3.MAPA
• 4. Holter
• 5. Kupsinjika maganizo
• 6. Echocardiogram
• 7. Zojambula m'mnyewa wamtima
• Kuyesa kwa Laborator kuti aunike mtima

Kugwira ntchito kwa mtima kumatha kuwunikidwa kudzera m'mayeso angapo omwe akuyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi katswiri wamatenda kapena wothandizira malinga ndi mbiri yamankhwala yamunthuyo.

Mayesero ena, monga electrocardiogram, X-ray pachifuwa, amatha kuchitika pafupipafupi kuti athe kuwunika mtima, pomwe mayeso ena, monga myocardial scintigraphy, test test, echocardiogram, MAP ndi holter, mwachitsanzo, zimachitika pomwe matenda ena amakayikiridwa, monga angina kapena arrhythmias.

Chifukwa chake, mayeso akulu owunika mtima ndi awa:

1. X-ray pachifuwa

X-ray kapena chifuwa cha radiology ndikuwunika komwe kumawunika momwe mtima ndi aorta zimakhalira, kuphatikiza pakuwona ngati pali zizindikiritso zamadzimadzi m'mapapu, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwa mtima kulephera. Kupenda uku kumawunikiranso chithunzi cha msempha, chomwe ndi chotengera chomwe chimachoka pamtima kukanyamula magazi kupita mthupi lonse. Kufufuza uku kumachitika nthawi zambiri wodwala ataimirira komanso m'mapapu odzazidwa ndi mpweya, kuti chithunzicho chizitha kupezeka molondola.

X-ray imawerengedwa kuti ndi mayeso oyamba, ndipo nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa ndi adotolo kuti apange mayeso ena amtima kuti athe kuyesa mtima komanso tanthauzo lalikulu.

Ndi chiyani: akuwonetsedwa kuti awone ngati mtima kapena mitsempha ikukulira kapena kuti muwone ngati pali calcium mu aorta, yomwe imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha ukalamba. Kuphatikiza apo, imathandizira kuwunika momwe mapapu alili, kuwona kukhalapo kwa madzi ndi kutulutsa.

Ikatsutsana: sayenera kuchitidwa mwa amayi apakati, makamaka m'nthawi ya trimester yoyamba chifukwa cha radiation yomwe imatulutsa poyesa. Komabe, ngati dokotalayo akukhulupirira kuti mayesowa ndi ofunikira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mayi wapakati ayese mayeso pogwiritsa ntchito chishango chotsogolera m'mimba. Mvetsetsani zoopsa za ma x-ray pathupi.

2. Electrocardiogram

Electrococardiogram ndi mayeso omwe amayesa kugunda kwa mtima ndipo amachitika ndi wodwalayo atagona pansi, kuyika zingwe ndi zazitsulo zazing'ono pakhungu la chifuwa. Chifukwa chake, monga X-ray pachifuwa, electrocardiogram imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazoyeso zoyambirira zomwe zimawunika momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito, kuphatikizidwa pamayeso azomwe amakambirana ndi katswiri wamtima. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyesa kukula kwa mitsempha ina yamtima, kupatula mitundu ina ya infarction ndikuwunika arrhythmia.

Ma electrocardiogram ndi achangu komanso osapweteka, ndipo nthawi zambiri amachitidwa ndi katswiri wamtima mwa iye muofesi. Pezani momwe electrocardiogram yachitidwira.

Ndi chiyani: adapangidwa kuti azindikire arrhythmias kapena kugundana kwamtima mosasinthasintha, kuwunika zosintha zoyipa za infarction yatsopano kapena yakale ndikuwonetsa kusintha kwa ma hydroelectrolytic monga kuchepa kapena kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi.

Ikatsutsana: aliyense atha kutumizidwa ku electrocardiogram. Komabe, pakhoza kukhala zosokoneza kapena zovuta pakuchita izi, mwa anthu omwe adadulidwa mwendo kapena ali ndi zotupa pakhungu, tsitsi lowonjezera pachifuwa, anthu omwe agwiritsira ntchito mafuta onunkhira thupi asanakayezetse, kapena ngakhale kwa omwe alibe amatha kuyimilira panthawi yomwe amalemba zamagetsi.

3.MAPA

Kuwunika kwa Magazi a Ambulatory, komwe kumatchedwa MAPA, kumachitika kwa maola 24 ndi chida choyezera kuthamanga kwa magazi mdzanja ndi chojambulira chaching'ono chomwe chili m'chiuno chomwe chimayendera nthawi yomwe wodwala wamatenda amatsata, osafunikira kukhala mchipatala .

Zotsatira zonse zakuthamanga kwa magazi zomwe zalembedwa zimasanthulidwa ndi adotolo, chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizichita zinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku, komanso kulemba mu diary zomwe mumachita nthawi iliyonse kupsyinjika kunayesedwa, monga zochitika monga kudya, kuyenda kapena kukwera masitepe nthawi zambiri zimatha kusintha kukakamizidwa. Dziwani mtengo ndi chisamaliro chomwe chiyenera kutengedwa kuti muchite M.A.P.A.

Ndi chiyani: amalola kuti afufuze kusiyanasiyana kwakanthawi tsiku lonse, pomwe pali kukayika ngati wodwalayo ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena ngati angakayikire za White Coat Syndrome, momwe kukakamizidwa kumakulira panthawi yofunsira azachipatala, koma osati munthawi zina . Kuphatikiza apo, MAPA ikhoza kuchitidwa ndi cholinga chotsimikizira kuti mankhwala omwe amayendetsa kukakamizidwa akugwira bwino ntchito tsiku lonse.

Ikatsutsana: sizingachitike ngati sizingatheke kusinthitsa khafu pa mkono wa wodwalayo, zomwe zimatha kuchitika mwa anthu owonda kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri, komanso nthawi zina zomwe sizingatheke kuyeza kukakamizidwa moyenera, komwe kumatha kuchitika kwa anthu omwe amanjenjemera kapena arrhythmias, mwachitsanzo.

4. Holter

Holter ndiyeso yoyesa kugunda kwa mtima masana onse komanso usiku pogwiritsa ntchito chojambulira chonyamula chomwe chili ndi maelekitirodi ofanana ndi ma electrocardiogram komanso chojambulira chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi thupi, kujambula kugunda kulikonse kwa nthawiyo.

Ngakhale kuti nthawi yoyeserera ndi maola 24, pali zovuta zina zomwe zimafunikira maola 48 kapena sabata limodzi kuti mufufuze bwino za mtima. Pogwira ntchito ya holter, amawonetsedwanso kuti alembe zochitika muzolemba, monga kuyesetsa kwambiri, komanso kupezeka kwa zizindikilo monga kugundana kapena kupweteka pachifuwa, kuti mayendedwe munthawi izi ayesedwe.

Ndi chiyani: kuyesaku kumazindikira ma arrhythmias amtima omwe amatha kuwonekera munthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsikulo, amafufuza za chizungulire, kugundagunda kapena kukomoka komwe kumatha kuyambika chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mtima, komanso kuwunika momwe opangira pacemaker kapena mankhwala amathandizira arrhythmias.

Ikatsutsana: zitha kuchitidwa kwa aliyense, koma ziyenera kupewedwa mwa anthu omwe amakwiya ndi khungu omwe amasintha kukhathamira kwa elekitirodi. Ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa ndi munthu aliyense wophunzitsidwa, koma imatha kungoyesedwa ndi katswiri wa zamatenda.

5. Kupsinjika maganizo

Kuyesedwa kwa kupsinjika, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kuyesa kwa makina opangira treadmill kapena kuyesa zolimbitsa thupi, kumachitika ndi cholinga chowona kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena kugunda kwa mtima pakuchita khama. Kuphatikiza pa chopondera chopondera, zitha kuchitidwa panjinga yolimbitsa thupi.

Kuyesa kwa kupsinjika kwamalingaliro kumatsanzira zomwe thupi limafunikira, monga kukwera masitepe kapena kutsetsereka, mwachitsanzo, zomwe ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kubweretsa nkhawa kapena kupuma pang'ono kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda amtima. Pezani zambiri za kuyesa kupsinjika.

Ndi chiyani: Amalola kuwunika momwe mtima ukugwirira ntchito poyeserera, kuzindikira kupezeka kwa kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira kapena arrhythmias, zomwe zitha kuwonetsa chiwopsezo cha infarction kapena mtima kulephera.

Ikatsutsana: kuyezetsa kumeneku sikuyenera kuchitidwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi zofooka zakuthupi, monga kulephera kuyenda kapena kupalasa njinga, kapena omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa, monga matenda kapena mtima kulephera, chifukwa kumatha kukulirakulira poyeserera.

6. Echocardiogram

Echocardiogram, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti echocardiogram, ndi mtundu wa ultrasound wamtima, womwe umazindikira zithunzi pochita, kuyesa kukula kwake, makulidwe amakoma ake, kuchuluka kwa magazi opopa komanso magwiridwe antchito amagetsi a mtima.

Kuyesaku sikumva kuwawa ndipo sikugwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray kuti mupeze chithunzi chanu, chifukwa chake imachitika kwambiri ndipo imapereka chidziwitso chambiri chokhudza mtima. Nthawi zambiri amachitidwa kuti afufuze anthu omwe amapuma movutikira komanso kutupa m'miyendo, zomwe zimawonetsa kulephera kwa mtima. Onani malangizo mwatsatanetsatane pochita echocardiogram.

Ndi chiyani: Amathandizira kuwunika momwe mtima ukugwirira ntchito, kuzindikira kulephera kwa mtima, kung'ung'uza mtima, kusintha mawonekedwe amtima ndi zotengera, kuphatikiza pakuzindikira kupezeka kwa zotupa mumtima.

Ikatsutsana: palibe zotsutsana ndi mayeso, komabe magwiridwe ake, chifukwa chake, zotsatira zake, zitha kukhala zovuta kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ma prostheses kapena ma obese kwambiri, komanso kwa odwala komwe sikutheka kugona pambali, monga anthu omwe ali ndi mafupa mwendo kapena omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu kapena osakhazikika, mwachitsanzo.

7. Zojambula m'mnyewa wamtima

Scintigraphy ndikuwunika komwe kumachitika pobaya mankhwala apadera mumtsinje, zomwe zimathandizira kujambula zithunzi kuchokera pamakoma amtima. Zithunzizo zimatengedwa ndi munthuyo atapuma komanso atayesetsa, kuti pakhale kufanana pakati pawo. Ngati munthuyo sangayesetse, m'malo mwake mumakhala mankhwala omwe amafanana, mthupi, kuyenda mokakamizidwa, popanda munthu kuchoka pamalopo.

Ndi chiyani: kuwunika kusintha kwa magazi pamakoma amtima, monga zingachitike ndi angina kapena infarction, mwachitsanzo. Imatha kuwonanso momwe kugunda kwamtima kumagwirira ntchito poyeserera.

Ikatsutsana: m`mnyewa wamtima scintigraphy ndi contraindicated vuto la matupi awo sagwirizana ndi yogwira pophika mankhwala ntchito mayeso, anthu ndi arrhythmias kwambiri kapena mavuto a impso, chifukwa kuchotsa kusiyana ndi impso.

Katswiri wa zamankhwala amathanso kusankha ngati kuyesaku kuchitidwa popanda kapena kulimbikitsa mankhwala omwe amathamangitsa kugunda kwamtima kutsanzira kupsinjika kwa wodwalayo. Onani momwe scintigraphy yakonzekera.

Kuyesa kwa Laborator kuti aunike mtima

Pali mayeso ena amwazi omwe amatha kuchitidwa kuti aunike mtima, monga Troponin, CPK kapena CK-MB, mwachitsanzo, zomwe ndizoyimira minofu zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa infarction ya myocardial infarction.

Mayeso ena, monga magazi m'magazi, cholesterol ndi triglycerides, omwe amafunsidwa pakuwunika mtima, mwachitsanzo, ngakhale sanakhudzidwe ndi mtima, akuwonetsa kuti ngati palibe chowongolera ndi mankhwala, zolimbitsa thupi komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi, pali chiopsezo chachikulu chodwala matenda amtima mtsogolo. Kumvetsetsa bwino nthawi yoyeserera mtima.