Kuyezetsa Magazi Amatsenga (FOBT)

Zamkati

• Kodi kuyezetsa magazi kwazinyalala ndi chiyani?
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?
• Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kukayezetsa magazi azinyalala?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pakuyezetsa magazi mwamatsenga?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera mayeso?
• Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pamayeso?
• Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?
• Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndiyenera kudziwa chokhudza kuyezetsa magazi kwazinyalala?
• Zolemba

Kodi kuyezetsa magazi kwazinyalala ndi chiyani?

Kuyezetsa magazi kwamatsenga (FOBT) kumayang'ana sampulo yanu (ndowe) kuti mufufuze magazi. Magazi amatsenga amatanthauza kuti simungawone ndi maso. Magazi pamalowo amatanthauza kuti mwina mumakhala magazi ena m'matumbo. Zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:

• Tinthu ting'onoting'ono
• Minyewa
• Kusintha
• Zilonda
• Colitis, mtundu wamatenda otupa

Magazi pachitetezo amathanso kukhala chizindikiro cha khansa yoyipa, mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayamba m'matumbo kapena m'matumbo. Khansara yamtundu wachimake ndiye chifukwa chachiwiri chomwe chimayambitsa matenda opatsirana khansa ku United States komanso khansa yachitatu yofala kwambiri mwa amuna ndi akazi. Kuyezetsa magazi kwamatsenga ndikuyesa kuyesa komwe kungathandize kupeza khansa yoyipa kwambiri, pomwe chithandizo chimagwira ntchito kwambiri.

Mayina ena: FOBT, magazi am'manja am'magazi, kuyesa magazi, Kuyeza magazi, kuyesa guaiac smear, gFOBT, immunochemical FOBT, iFOBT; KHALANI

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?

Kuyezetsa magazi kwamatsenga kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuyesa koyambirira kwa khansa yoyipa. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuzindikira zikhalidwe zina zomwe zimayambitsa kutuluka kwam'magazi.

Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kukayezetsa magazi azinyalala?

National Cancer Institute ikulimbikitsa kuti anthu azichita kuwunika khansa yamtundu woyambira nthawi zonse kuyambira ali ndi zaka 50. Kuwunika kumeneku kumatha kukhala kuyesa zamatsenga kapena mtundu wina wamayeso owunika. Mayesowa atha kuphatikiza:

• Chiyeso cha DNA chopondapo. Pachiyeso ichi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chida choyesera kunyumba kuti mutengeko chopondapo ndikubwezera ku labu. Idzayang'aniridwa ngati asintha magazi ndi majini omwe atha kukhala zizindikiro za khansa. Ngati mayeserowo ali abwino, mufunika colonoscopy.
• A chiwonetsero. Iyi ndi njira yaying'ono yopangira opareshoni. Choyamba mupatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa pang'ono kuti akuthandizeni kupumula. Kenako wothandizira zaumoyo adzagwiritsa ntchito chubu chowonda kuti ayang'ane mkati mwanu

Pali zabwino ndi zovuta pamtundu uliwonse wamayeso. Lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za mayeso omwe ali oyenera kwa inu.

Ngati wothandizira wanu akuvomereza kukayezetsa magazi zamatsenga, muyenera kutero chaka chilichonse. Kuyeza kwa chopondapo kuyenera kutengedwa zaka zitatu zilizonse, ndipo colonoscopy iyenera kuchitidwa zaka khumi zilizonse.

Mungafunike kuwunika pafupipafupi ngati muli ndi zifukwa zina zoopsa. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Mbiri ya banja la khansa yoyipa
• Kusuta ndudu
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Kumwa mowa kwambiri

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pakuyezetsa magazi mwamatsenga?

Kuyesa mwazi wamatsenga ndimayeso osavomerezeka omwe mungachite kunyumba kwanu. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amakupatsani chida chomwe chimaphatikizapo malangizo amomwe mungayesere. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamayeso amwazi wamatsenga: njira ya guaiac smear (gFOBT) ndi njira ya immunochemical (iFOBT kapena FIT). M'munsimu muli malangizo omwe mungayesedwe pamayeso aliwonse. Malangizo anu amatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono kutengera wopanga chida choyesera.

Kuti muyese mayeso a guaiac smear (gFOBT), muyenera kuti:

• Sungani zitsanzo kuchokera pamatumbo atatu osiyana.
• Pa nyemba iliyonse, sonkhanitsani chopondapo ndi kusunga mu chidebe choyera. Onetsetsani kuti nyemba sizikusakanikirana ndi mkodzo kapena madzi ochokera kuchimbudzi.
• Gwiritsani ntchito wojambulira kuchokera pachiyeso chanu kuti mupaka chopondapo pa khadi loyeserera kapena pompopompo, chomwe chilinso mchikwama chanu.
• Lembani ndi kusindikiza zitsanzo zanu zonse monga mwalamulidwa.
• Tumizani zitsanzozo kwa wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kapena labu.

Pakuyesa kwa fecal immunochemical test (FIT), mudzafunika:

• Sungani zitsanzo kuchokera kumatumbo awiri kapena atatu.
• Sonkhanitsani zitsanzo kuchokera kuchimbudzi pogwiritsa ntchito burashi yapadera kapena chida china chomwe chidaphatikizidwa muchikwama chanu.
• Pa nyemba iliyonse, gwiritsani burashi kapena chida kuti mutenge nyembazo pamwamba pamipando.
• Sambani zitsanzozo pa khadi loyeserera.
• Lembani ndi kusindikiza zitsanzo zanu zonse monga mwalamulidwa.
• Tumizani zitsanzozo kwa wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kapena labu.

Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira malangizo onse operekedwa muchikwama chanu, ndipo lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani ngati muli ndi mafunso.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera mayeso?

Zakudya zina ndi mankhwala zimatha kukhudza zotsatira za mayeso a guaiac smear method (gFOBT). Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu akhoza kukupemphani kutero pewani izi:

• Mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs) monga ibuprofen, naproxen, kapena aspirin masiku asanu ndi awiri musanayese. Ngati mumamwa aspirin wamavuto amtima, lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani musanayimitse mankhwala anu. Acetaminophen ikhoza kukhala yotetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito panthawiyi, koma funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu musanamwe.
• Oposa 250 mg wa vitamini C tsiku lililonse kuchokera ku zowonjezera, timadziti ta zipatso, kapena zipatso kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri musanayese. Vitamini C imatha kukhudza mankhwala omwe akuyesedwayo ndikupangitsa zotsatira zoyipa ngakhale pali magazi.
• Nyama yofiira, monga ng'ombe, mwanawankhosa, ndi nkhumba, masiku atatu mayeso asanachitike. Zotsatira zamagazi munyama izi zitha kubweretsa zotsatira zabodza.

Palibe zokonzekera mwapadera kapena zoletsa pazakudya pazoyeserera zamagetsi (FIT).

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pamayeso?

Palibe chiopsezo chodziwikiratu chofufuzira magazi mwachinyengo.

Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Ngati zotsatira zanu zili zabwino pamtundu uliwonse wamayeso amwazi wamatsenga, zikutanthauza kuti mwina mukuwukha magazi kwinakwake m'mimba mwanu. Koma sizitanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa. Zina zomwe zitha kubweretsa zotsatira zabwino pakuyezetsa magazi kwamatsenga zimaphatikizira zilonda zam'mimba, zotupa m'mimba, ma polyps, ndi zotupa zoyipa. Ngati zotsatira zanu zoyesera zili ndi magazi, othandizira anu azachipatala angakulimbikitseni kuyesa kwina, monga colonoscopy, kuti mudziwe komwe kuli magazi anu. Ngati muli ndi mafunso pazotsatira zanu, lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani.

Dziwani zambiri zamayeso a labotale, magawo owerengera, ndi zotsatira zakumvetsetsa.

Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndiyenera kudziwa chokhudza kuyezetsa magazi kwazinyalala?

Kuwonetsetsa kwa khansa yamitundu yonse mozungulira, monga kuyezetsa magazi kwazinthu zamatsenga, ndi chida chofunikira polimbana ndi khansa. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kuyesa kuyezetsa kumatha kuthandiza kupeza khansa msanga, komanso kumachepetsa imfa za matendawa.

Zolemba

1. American Cancer Society [Intaneti]. Atlanta: Bungwe la American Cancer Society Inc .; c2017. Malangizo a American Cancer Society pakuyambitsa matenda a khansa yoyipa; [yasinthidwa 2016 Jun 24; yatchulidwa 2017 Feb 18;]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/acs-recommendations.html
2. American Cancer Society [Intaneti]. Atlanta: Bungwe la American Cancer Society Inc .; c2017. Kuyesa Koyesa Khansa Yoyeserera; [yasinthidwa 2016 Jun 24; yatchulidwa 2017 Feb 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 8]. Ipezeka kuchokera:https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/screening-tests-used.html
3. American Cancer Society [Intaneti]. Atlanta: Bungwe la American Cancer Society Inc .; c2017. Kufunika Kowunika Khansa Yoyenera; [yasinthidwa 2016 Jun 24; yatchulidwa 2017 Feb 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 5]. Ipezeka kuchokera:https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/importance-of-crc-screening.html
4. Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kupewa Matenda [Internet]. Atlanta: Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zaumunthu ku U.S. Zambiri Zokhudza Khansa Yosalala; [yasinthidwa 2016 Apr 25; yatchulidwa 2017 Feb 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera:https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/basic_info/index.htm
5. Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kupewa Matenda [Internet]. Atlanta: Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zaumunthu ku U.S. Ziwerengero Za Khansa Yamtundu; [yasinthidwa 2016 Jun 20; yatchulidwa 2017 Feb 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 4]. Ipezeka kuchokera:https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/statistics/index.htm
6. Mgwirizano wa Colorectal Cancer [Internet]. Washington DC: Mgwirizano wa Khansa Yamtundu; Colonoscopy; [yotchulidwa 2019 Epulo 1]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.ccalliance.org/screening-prevention/screening-methods/colonoscopy
7. Mgwirizano wa Colorectal Cancer [Internet]. Washington DC: Mgwirizano wa Khansa Yamtundu; Chopondapo DNA; [yotchulidwa 2019 Epulo 1]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.ccalliance.org/screening-prevention/screening-methods/stool-dna
8. FDA: US Food and Drug Administration [Intaneti]. Silver Spring (MD): US department of Health and Human Services; Khansa Yamtundu: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa; [yasinthidwa 2017 Mar 16; yatchulidwa 2019 Apr 1]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 4]. Ipezeka kuchokera: https://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm443595.htm 
9. Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth's Handbook of Laboratory and Diagnostic Test. 2^nd Mkonzi, Kindle. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Kuyezetsa Magazi Amatsenga (FOBT); p. 292.
10. Kuyesa kwa Labu Paintaneti [Intaneti]. Washington DC: American Association for Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Kuyesa Magazi Amatsenga ndi Fecal Immunochemical Test: Mwachangu; [zosinthidwa 2015 Oct 30; yatchulidwa 2017 Feb 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 2]. Ipezeka kuchokera:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/glance/
11. Kuyesa kwa Labu Paintaneti [Intaneti]. Washington DC: American Association for Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Kuyesa Magazi Amatsenga ndi Fecal Immunochemical Test: Mayeso; [zosinthidwa 2015 Oct 30; yatchulidwa 2017 Feb 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 4]. Ipezeka kuchokera:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/test/
12. Kuyesa kwa Labu Paintaneti [Intaneti]. Washington DC: American Association for Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2017. Kuyezetsa magazi kwa Fecal Occult ndi Fecal Immunochemical Test: Zitsanzo Zoyeserera; [zosinthidwa 2015 Oct 30; yatchulidwa 2017 Feb 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/sample/
13. National Cancer Institute [Intaneti]. Bethesda (MD): Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Zantchito ku U.S. Khansa Yamtundu Wosalala: Mtundu Wodwala; [yotchulidwa 2017 Feb 18]; [pafupifupi zowonetsera 3]. Ipezeka kuchokera:https://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal

Zomwe zili patsamba lino siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chithandizo chamankhwala kapena upangiri. Lumikizanani ndi othandizira azaumoyo ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi thanzi lanu.