Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
• Zimayambitsa chiyani?
• Chibadwa
• Mahomoni
• Mitsempha yachilendo
• Ndani amachipeza?
• Kodi amapezeka bwanji?
• Amachizidwa bwanji?
• Kutanthauzira kwapadera kwa angioplasty
• Opaleshoni
• Kodi zimakhudza bwanji chiyembekezo cha moyo?

Kodi fibromuscular dysplasia ndi chiyani?

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) ndichikhalidwe chomwe chimapangitsa kuti ma cell owonjezera kukula mkati mwa makoma amitsempha. Mitsempha ndi mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imanyamula magazi kuchokera mumtima mwanu kupita mthupi lanu lonse. Kukula kowonjezera kwama cell kumachepetsa mitsempha, ndikulola magazi ochepa kuti azidutsamo. Zingathenso kuyambitsa ma bulges (aneurysms) ndi misozi (zosokoneza) m'mitsempha.

FMD imakhudza mitsempha yayikulu yomwe imapereka magazi kwa:

• impso (mitsempha ya impso)
• ubongo (mitsempha ya carotid)
• mimba kapena matumbo (mitsempha ya mesenteric)
• mikono ndi miyendo

Kuchepetsa magazi kutuluka m'ziwalo izi kumatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwamuyaya.

FMD imakhudza pakati pa 1% ndi 5% aku America. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli ali ndi mitsempha yopitilira imodzi.

Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

FMD sikumayambitsa zizindikiro nthawi zonse. Ikatero, zizindikilozo zimadalira ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi kwa impso ndi monga:

• ululu wammbali
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kuchepa kwa impso
• kugwira ntchito kwa impso poyesa kuyesa magazi

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi kulowa muubongo ndi izi:

• mutu
• chizungulire
• kupweteka kwa khosi
• kulira kapena kulira kwamakutu
• zikope zothothoka
• ana osakwanira
• sitiroko kapena ministroke

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi m'mimba ndi monga:

• kupweteka m'mimba mukatha kudya
• kuonda kosadziwika

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi m'manja ndi miyendo ndi monga:

• kupweteka kwa chiwalo chomwe chakhudzidwa poyenda kapena kuthamanga
• kufooka kapena kufooka
• kutentha kapena kusintha kwa utoto pamiyendo ikukhudzidwa

Zimayambitsa chiyani?

Madokotala sakudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa FMD. Komabe, ofufuza adakhazikika pazinthu zitatu zazikuluzikulu:

Chibadwa

Pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya milandu ya FMD imachitika mwa anthu amtundu umodzi, ndikuwonetsa kuti ma genetics atha kutenga nawo mbali. Komabe, chifukwa choti kholo lanu kapena m'bale wanu ali ndi vutoli sizitanthauza kuti mudzalandira. Kuphatikiza apo, mamembala amatha kukhala ndi FMD yomwe imakhudza mitsempha yosiyanasiyana.

Mahomoni

Azimayi ali ndi mwayi wopeza FMD katatu kapena kanayi kuposa amuna, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mahomoni achikazi atha kukhala nawo. Komabe, kafukufuku wambiri amafunika kutsimikizira izi.

Mitsempha yachilendo

Kuperewera kwa mpweya m'mitsempha pomwe akupanga kumatha kuwapangitsa kukhala opanda vuto, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa magazi.

Ndani amachipeza?

Ngakhale chomwe chimayambitsa FMD sichikudziwika, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingakupangitseni mwayi woti mukhale nawo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kukhala mayi wazaka zosakwana 50
• kukhala ndi m'modzi kapena angapo am'banja omwe ali ndi vutoli
• kusuta

Kodi amapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukayikira kuti muli ndi FMD mutamva mawu a swooshing mukamamvera mtsempha wanu ndi stethoscope. Kuphatikiza pakuwunika zina zomwe mungapeze, atha kugwiritsanso ntchito mayeso ojambula kuti atsimikizire kuti mukudwala.

Kujambula mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kuti FMD ndi awa:

• Duplex (Doppler) ultrasound. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsa ntchito mafunde akumveka kwambiri komanso kompyuta kuti apange zithunzi za mitsempha yanu. Ikhoza kuwonetsa momwe magazi akuyendera bwino kudzera mumitsempha yanu.
• Magnetic resonance angiography. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsa ntchito maginito amphamvu ndi mafunde a wailesi kupanga zithunzi za mitsempha yanu.
• Mawerengeredwe a tomography angiography. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray ndi utoto wosiyanitsa kuti apange zithunzi mwatsatanetsatane za mitsempha yanu.
• Zolemba. Ngati mayeso osavomerezeka sangathe kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi matendawa, mungafunike arteriogram. Chiyesochi chimagwiritsa ntchito utoto wosakanikirana womwe umayikidwa kudzera pa waya womwe udayikidwa m'mimba mwanu kapena gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi thupi lanu. Kenako, ma X-ray amatengedwa m'mitsempha yanu.

Amachizidwa bwanji?

Palibe mankhwala a FMD, koma mutha kuwongolera. Mankhwala angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikilo zanu ndikupewa zovuta za matendawa.

Anthu ambiri amapeza mpumulo pamankhwala am'magazi, kuphatikiza:

• angiotensin II ovomerezeka: makandulo (Atacand), irbesartan (Avapro), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan)
• angiotensin-otembenuza ma enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors): benazepril (Lotensin), enalapril (Vasotec), lisinopril (Prinvil, Zestril)
• beta–zotchinga: atenolol (Tenormin), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol-XL)
• zotseka za calcium: amlodipine (Norvasc), nifedipine (Adalat CC, Afeditab CR, Procardia)

Muyeneranso kumwa zakumwa magazi, monga aspirin, kuti muteteze magazi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magazi azitha kudutsa m'mitsempha yopapatiza.

Zowonjezera zomwe mungachite ndi izi:

Kutanthauzira kwapadera kwa angioplasty

Chubu chofiyira chotchedwa catheter chokhala ndi buluni kumapeto kwake chimamangiriridwa mumitsempha yocheperako. Kenako, buluni imadzaza kuti mitsempha izikhala yotseguka.

Opaleshoni

Ngati muli ndi chotchinga mumtsempha wanu, kapena mtsempha wanu ndi wopapatiza kwambiri, mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti mukonze. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuchotsa gawo lotsekeka la mtsempha wanu kapena kusinthanso magazi mozungulira.

Kodi zimakhudza bwanji chiyembekezo cha moyo?

FMD nthawi zambiri imakhala moyo wanthawi zonse. Komabe, ofufuza sanapeze umboni uliwonse wosonyeza kuti umachepetsa zaka za moyo, ndipo anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi FMD amakhala ndi zaka za m'ma 80 ndi 90.

Gwiritsani ntchito ndi dokotala kuti mupeze njira yabwino yothetsera matenda anu, ndipo onetsetsani kuti muwauze ngati muwona zizindikiro zatsopano, kuphatikizapo:

• masomphenya amasintha
• malankhulidwe amasintha
• kusintha kosadziwika m'manja mwanu kapena m'miyendo