Kodi galactorrhea ndi chiyani, zoyambitsa zazikulu ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zoyambitsa zazikulu
• Zizindikiro zofala
• Momwe mungadziwire
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Galactorrhea ndi katulutsidwe kosayenera ka madzi okhala ndi mkaka kuchokera m'mawere, omwe amapezeka mwa abambo kapena amayi omwe alibe pakati kapena akuyamwitsa. Nthawi zambiri chimakhala chizindikiro chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa prolactin, mahomoni opangidwa muubongo omwe ntchito yake ndikupangitsa mkaka kupanga ndi mabere, vuto lotchedwa hyperprolactinemia.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa prolactin ndi kutenga mimba ndi kuyamwitsa, ndipo pali zifukwa zingapo zakuchulukirachulukira kwake, kuphatikiza chotupa cha ubongo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga ma neuroleptics ndi antidepressants, kukondoweza kwa mawere kapena matenda ena a endocrine, monga hypothyroidism ndi matenda a polycystic ovary.

Chifukwa chake, kuti muthane ndi hyperprolactinemia ndi galactorrhea, ndikofunikira kuthetsa vutoli, mwina pochotsa mankhwala kapena kuchiza matenda omwe akuchepetsa mkaka m'mawere.

Zoyambitsa zazikulu

Zomwe zimayambitsa mkaka kupanga ndi mabere ndi mimba ndi kuyamwitsa, komabe, galactorrhea imachitika, makamaka chifukwa cha zinthu monga:

• Pituitary adenoma: ndi chotupa chosaopsa cha pituitary gland, chomwe chimayambitsa kupanga mahomoni angapo, kuphatikiza prolactin. Mtundu waukulu ndi prolactinoma, womwe nthawi zambiri umayambitsa kuchuluka kwa ma prolactin amwazi kuposa 200mcg / L;
• Zosintha zina pamatenda am'mimba: khansa, chotupa, kutupa, kutentha kapena kukwapula kwaubongo, mwachitsanzo;
• Kulimbikitsa mabere kapena khoma la chifuwa: chitsanzo chachikulu cha kukondoweza ndi kuyamwa mabere ndi khanda, komwe kumayambitsa ma gland a mammary ndikukulitsa kutulutsa kwa prolactin wamaubongo, motero, kutulutsa mkaka;
• Matenda omwe amayambitsa vuto la mahomoni: zina mwazikuluzikulu ndi hypothyroidism, matenda a chiwindi, matenda aimpso, matenda a Addison ndi polycystic ovary syndrome;
• Khansa ya m'mawere: imatha kuyambitsa galactorrhea mu nipple imodzi, nthawi zambiri ndimagazi;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala: 
  • Antipsychotic, monga Risperidone, Chlorpromazine, Haloperidol kapena Metoclopramide;
  • Opiates, monga Morphine, Tramadol kapena Codeine;
  • Gastric acid ochepetsa, monga Ranitidine kapena Cimetidine;
  • Ma antidepressants, monga Amitriptyline, Amoxapine kapena Fluoxetine;
  • Mankhwala ena oletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, monga Verapamil, Reserpina ndi Metildopa;
  • Kugwiritsa ntchito mahomoni, monga estrogens, anti-androgens kapena HRT.

Kugona ndi kupsinjika ndi zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa kupanga kwa prolactin, komabe, sizimayambitsa kusintha kokwanira kuyambitsa galactorrhea.

Zizindikiro zofala

Galactorrhea ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha hyperprolactinemia, kapena kuchuluka kwa prolactin mthupi, ndipo imatha kukhala yowonekera, yamkaka kapena yamagazi, ndipo imawonekera m'bere limodzi kapena onse awiri.

Komabe, zizindikilo zina zitha kuchitika, popeza kuchuluka kwa hormone iyi kumatha kubweretsa kusintha kwa mahomoni ogonana, monga kuchepa kwa estrogen ndi testosterone, kapena, ngati pali zotupa m'matumbo. Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi izi:

• Amenorrhea, ndiko kusokoneza kwa ovulation ndi kusamba kwa akazi;
• Kulephera kwa kugonana ndi kulephera kwa erectile mwa amuna;
• Kusabereka ndikuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana;
• Kufooka kwa mafupa;
• Mutu;
• Zosintha zowoneka, monga kusakhazikika komanso kuwona kwa mawanga owala.

Kusintha kwa mahormone kumathanso kuchititsa kuti abambo kapena amai asabereke.

Momwe mungadziwire

Galactorrhea imawonedwa pakuwunika kwamankhwala, komwe kumatha kuchitika mwadzidzidzi kapena kuwonekera pambuyo pakuwonetsa kwa nipple. Galactorrhea imatsimikizika nthawi iliyonse mukamatulutsa mkaka mwa amuna, kapena akawonekera mwa amayi omwe alibe pakati kapena akuyamwitsa m'miyezi 6 yapitayi.

Kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a galactorrhea, adotolo awunika mbiri ya mankhwala ndi zina zomwe munthuyo angakumane nazo. Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso ena amatha kuchitidwa kuti mufufuze zomwe zimayambitsa galactorrhea, monga muyeso wa prolactin m'magazi, muyeso wa TSH ndi T4, kuti mufufuze za chithokomiro, ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, ubongo wa MRI kuti ufufuze kupezeka kwa zotupa kapena kusintha kwina pamatenda am'mimba.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha galactorrhea chimatsogozedwa ndi endocrinologist, ndipo chimasiyanasiyana kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Ngati ndi zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala, muyenera kuyankhula ndi adotolo kuti muwone ngati angathe kuyimitsidwa kapena kusinthidwa kwa mankhwalawa ndi wina.

Ngati imayambitsidwa ndi matenda, ndikofunikira kuti imathandizidwe moyenera, kuti zikhazikike zosokoneza mahomoni, monga, m'malo mwa mahomoni a chithokomiro mu hypothyroidism, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito corticosteroids kwa pituitary granulomas. Kapena, galactorrhea ikayamba chifukwa cha chotupa, adotolo amalimbikitsa chithandizo chakuchotsa opaleshoni kapena njira monga radiotherapy.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali mankhwala omwe amatha kuchepetsa kupanga kwa prolactin ndikuwongolera galactorrhea, pomwe chithandizo chotsimikizika chikuchitika, monga Cabergoline ndi Bromocriptine, omwe ndi mankhwala omwe amakhala m'gulu la omwe amatsutsana ndi dopaminergic.