Glioblastoma multiforme: zizindikiro, chithandizo ndi kupulumuka

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Glioblastoma multiforme ndi mtundu wa khansa ya muubongo, yamagulu a gliomas, chifukwa imakhudza gulu lina lamaselo lotchedwa "glial cell", lomwe limathandizira pakupanga kwaubongo komanso momwe ntchito za ma neuron zimagwirira ntchito. Ndi khansa yosawerengeka ndipo, nthawi zambiri, imachitika kawirikawiri, imakonda kupezeka mwa anthu omwe kale anali ndi ma radiation.

Ichi ndi mtundu wa chotupa chowopsa, chotchedwa grade IV, chifukwa chimatha kulowerera ndikukula minyewa yaubongo, ndipo chimatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo monga kupweteka mutu, kusanza kapena khunyu, mwachitsanzo.

Chithandizochi chimakhala ndikuchotsa kwathunthu chotupacho nthawi zonse ndi radiotherapy ndi chemotherapy, komabe, chifukwa chaukali komanso kukula mwachangu, sizingatheke kuchiza khansa iyi, yomwe, pafupifupi, yapulumuka miyezi 14, yomwe ili osati lamulo ndipo limasiyanasiyana kutengera kukula kwake, kukula kwake ndi malo am'motowo, kuphatikiza pazomwe wodwalayo ali nazo.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mankhwala apita patsogolo, mochulukira, pakufunafuna chithandizo chazowonjezera kupulumuka komanso kukonza moyo wa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Ngakhale ndizosowa, glioblastoma multiforme ndi yomwe imayambitsa matenda otupa am'mimba am'mimba, ndipo imadziwika kwambiri kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 45. Zizindikiro zimayamba mofatsa mpaka zovuta, kutengera komwe muli muubongo ndi kukula kwake, ndipo zina mwazodziwika kwambiri ndi izi:

• Mutu;
• Kusintha kwa luso lamagalimoto, monga kuchepa mphamvu kapena kusintha koyenda;
• Zosintha zowoneka;
• Matenda olankhula;
• Zovuta zazidziwitso, monga kulingalira kapena chidwi;
• Kusintha kwa umunthu, monga mphwayi kapena kupewa kucheza ndi ena;
• Kusanza;
• Kugwidwa kwamphamvu.

Matendawa akamakula kwambiri, matendawa amatha kukulirakulira ndikuchita zinthu tsiku ndi tsiku komanso chisamaliro.

Pamaso pazizindikiro zomwe zikuwonetsa khansara, adotolo amatha kuyitanitsa mayeso aubongo, monga kujambula kwa maginito, komwe kudzawonetseratu chotupacho, komabe, chitsimikiziro chimangopangidwa pambuyo pofufuza ndikuwunika kachilomboka.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha glioblastoma multiforme chiyenera kuchitika mwachangu atazindikira, mothandizidwa ndi oncologist ndi neurologist, ndipo zimachitika ndi:

1. Opaleshoni: Amakhala ndikuchotsa chotupa chonse chowoneka pazithunzi, kupewa kusiya ziwalo zosokonekera, kukhala gawo loyamba la chithandizo;
2. Mankhwala opatsirana: zomwe zimachitika ndikutulutsa poizoniyu poyesa kutulutsa zotupa zomwe zatsala muubongo;
3. Chemotherapy: yachitika limodzi ndi radiotherapy, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zake. Chemotherapy yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Temozolomide, yomwe imatha kuchepetsa kukula kwa matendawa. Onani zomwe ali komanso momwe mungathanirane ndi zovuta za chemotherapy.

Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga corticosteroids kapena anticonvulsants atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi zina za matendawa.

Popeza ndi chotupa cholusa kwambiri, mankhwalawa ndi ovuta, ndipo nthawi zambiri pamakhala kubwereza, komwe kumapangitsa mwayi woti kuchira kukhala wovuta. Chifukwa chake, zisankho zamankhwala ziyenera kukhala zofunikira payekhapayekha, poganizira zamankhwala kapena kupezeka kwa mankhwala am'mbuyomu, ndipo moyo wa wodwalayo uyenera kuyikidwa patsogolo nthawi zonse.

Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira kuti mankhwala atsopano afunidwa kuti athetse mphamvu ya chithandizo cha glioblastoma, monga geni, immunotherapy ndi ma molekyuli, kuti athe kufikira chotupacho ndikuthandizira kuchira.