Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
Zamkati
- Mitundu yodziwika ya mitundu ya hemoglobin
- Makanda
- Akuluakulu
- Chifukwa chiyani hemoglobin electrophoresis yachitika
- Komwe mayeso a hemoglobin electrophoresis amaperekedwera
- Kuopsa kwa hemoglobin electrophoresis
- Zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera mukayesedwa
Kodi hemoglobin electrophoresis test ndi chiyani?
Chiyeso cha hemoglobin electrophoresis ndi kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ndikuzindikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemoglobin m'magazi anu. Hemoglobin ndi puloteni wamkati mwa maselo ofiira ofunikira omwe amatengera mpweya kumatumba ndi ziwalo zanu.
Kusintha kwa majini kumatha kupangitsa thupi lanu kutulutsa hemoglobin yomwe imapangidwa molakwika. Hemoglobin yachilendo imeneyi imatha kupangitsa kuti mpweya wocheperako ufike kumatenda ndi ziwalo zanu.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya hemoglobin. Zikuphatikizapo:
- Hemoglobin F: Izi zimatchedwanso fetal hemoglobin. Ndiwo mtundu womwe umapezeka m'matumba omwe akukula komanso obadwa kumene. Amalowetsedwa ndi hemoglobin A atangobadwa kumene.
- Mpweya wa magazi A: Izi zimadziwikanso kuti hemoglobin wamkulu. Ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa hemoglobin. Amapezeka mwa ana wathanzi komanso akuluakulu.
- Hemoglobin C, D, E, M, ndi S: Izi ndi mitundu yosowa ya hemoglobin yachilendo yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini.
Mitundu yodziwika ya mitundu ya hemoglobin
Kuyesedwa kwa hemoglobin electrophoresis sikukuwuzani kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi anu - zomwe zimachitika pakuwerengera kwathunthu kwamagazi. Magulu omwe hemoglobin electrophoresis amayesa ndi magawo a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemoglobin yomwe imapezeka m'magazi anu. Izi ndizosiyana m'makanda ndi akulu:
Makanda
Hemoglobin nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi hemoglobin F m'matumba. Hemoglobin F imapangitsanso hemoglobin yambiri mwa ana obadwa kumene. Imachepa mwachangu nthawi yomwe mwana wanu ali ndi chaka chimodzi:
Zaka | Maperesenti a Hemoglobin F |
wakhanda | 60 mpaka 80% |
1+ chaka | 1 mpaka 2% |
Akuluakulu
Mulingo wabwinobwino wa mitundu ya hemoglobin mwa akulu ndi awa:
Mtundu wa hemoglobin | Peresenti |
hemogulobini A. | 95% mpaka 98% |
hemogulobini A2 | 2% mpaka 3% |
hemogulobini F | 1% mpaka 2% |
hemogulobini S | 0% |
hemogulobini C | 0% |
Chifukwa chiyani hemoglobin electrophoresis yachitika
Mumakhala ndi mitundu ingapo yachilendo ya hemoglobin potengera kusintha kwa majini pa majini omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga hemoglobin. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni mayeso a hemoglobin electrophoresis kuti muwone ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limayambitsa hemoglobin yachilendo. Zifukwa zomwe dokotala angafune kuti muyese mayeso a hemoglobin electrophoresis ndi awa:
1. Monga gawo la chizolowezi chofufuza: Dokotala wanu atha kuyesedwa ndi hemoglobin yanu kuti mupitilize kuyesa magazi kwathunthu nthawi zonse.
2. Kupeza matenda amwazi: Dokotala wanu atha kukupangani mayeso a hemoglobin electrophoresis ngati mukuwonetsa zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi. Kuyesaku kuwathandiza kupeza mitundu yachilendo ya hemoglobin m'magazi anu. Izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha zovuta kuphatikiza:
- kuchepa kwa magazi pachikwere
- thalassemia
- polycythemia vera
3. Kuyang'anira chithandizo: Ngati mukuchiritsidwa matenda omwe amayambitsa mitundu yachilendo ya hemoglobin, dokotala wanu amayang'anira kuchuluka kwanu kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemoglobin yokhala ndi hemoglobin electrophoresis.
4. Kuwona zamoyo: Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yakale ya mabanja obadwa nawo monga thalassemia kapena sickle cell anemia atha kusankha kuwunika matendawa asanakhale ndi ana. Hemoglobin electrophoresis iwonetsa ngati pali mitundu yachilendo ya hemoglobin yoyambitsa matenda amtundu. Makanda obadwa kumene amawunikiridwa pafupipafupi pamavuto amtunduwu a hemoglobin. Dokotala wanu angafunenso kuyesa mwana wanu ngati muli ndi mbiri ya hemoglobin yachilendo kapena ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komwe sikumayambitsidwa ndi vuto lachitsulo.
Komwe mayeso a hemoglobin electrophoresis amaperekedwera
Simuyenera kuchita chilichonse chapadera kukonzekera hemoglobin electrophoresis.
Nthawi zambiri mumayenera kupita ku labu kuti mukatenge magazi anu. Ku labu, wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala amatenga magazi kuchokera m'manja mwanu kapena m'manja: Amayamba kutsuka tsambalo ndi swab yakumwa mowa. Kenako amaika singano kakang'ono kokhala ndi chubu cholumikizira magazi. Magazi okwanira atakonzedwa, amachotsa singanoyo ndikuphimba tsambalo ndi pedi yopyapyala. Kenako amatumiza magazi anu ku labotale kuti akawunikenso.
Mu labotale, njira yotchedwa electrophoresis imadutsa mphamvu yamagetsi kudzera mu hemoglobin m'magazi anu. Izi zimapangitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemoglobin kugawanika m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Magazi anu amayerekezeredwa ndi mtundu wathanzi kuti mudziwe mitundu ya hemoglobin yomwe ilipo.
Kuopsa kwa hemoglobin electrophoresis
Monga kuyesa magazi kulikonse, pamakhala zoopsa zochepa. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- kuvulaza
- magazi
- matenda pamalo opumira
Nthawi zambiri, mtsempha umatha kutupa magazi akatuluka. Matendawa, omwe amadziwika kuti phlebitis, amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi compress ofunda kangapo patsiku. Kutuluka magazi nthawi zonse kungakhale vuto ngati muli ndi vuto lakukha magazi kapena mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, monga warfarin (Coumadin) kapena aspirin (Bufferin).
Zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera mukayesedwa
Ngati zotsatira zanu zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin, mwina chifukwa cha:
- Matenda a hemoglobin C, matenda amtundu womwe amatsogolera kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
- hemoglobinopathy yosawerengeka, gulu la zovuta zamatenda zomwe zimayambitsa kupanga kosazolowereka kapena kapangidwe ka maselo ofiira amwazi
- kuchepa kwa magazi pachikwere
- thalassemia
Dokotala wanu adzayesa mayeso otsatira ngati mayeso a hemoglobin electrophoresis akuwonetsa kuti muli ndi mitundu yachilendo ya hemoglobin.