Matenda a hepatitis: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Zomwe zingayambitse matenda a chiwindi
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Matenda a chiwindi ndi kutupa kwa chiwindi komwe kumatenga miyezi yopitilira 6 ndipo nthawi zambiri kumayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka hepatitis B, mtundu wa virus womwe ungafalitsidwe mwa kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi magazi kapena zinsinsi zina kuchokera kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Komabe, matenda a chiwindi osachiritsika amathanso kukhala ndi zifukwa zina, monga hepatitis C kapena zakumwa zoledzeretsa, mwachitsanzo.

Ngakhale nthawi zambiri, matenda a chiwindi osatha samayambitsa zizindikiritso zowonekera ndipo amapezeka nthawi zambiri pakuwunika, anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zolakwika, monga malaise, kuchepa kwa njala kapena kutopa pafupipafupi popanda chifukwa.

Ngakhale zili choncho, ngakhale ngati sichimayambitsa matendawa, matenda a chiwindi ayenera kuthandizidwa nthawi zonse, ngati akupitilirabe kukulira, amatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena, monga chiwindi kapena chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse akakayikira vuto la chiwindi, ndibwino kukaonana ndi dokotala wodziwa za chiwindi kuti aone ngati pali vuto lililonse ndikuyambitsa chithandizo choyenera kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Opitilira theka la milandu, matenda otupa chiwindi osachiritsika samayambitsa zisonyezo zilizonse, pang'onopang'ono mpaka kukula kwa cirrhosis, ndi zizindikilo monga nseru, kusanza, mimba yotupa, manja ofiira ndi khungu ndi maso achikaso.

Komabe, pakakhala zizindikiro, matenda a chiwindi amatha kuyamba:

• Kumverera kwa malaise wamba;
• Kuchepetsa chilakolako;
• Kutopa pafupipafupi popanda chifukwa;
• Nthawi zonse kutentha thupi;
• Kusokonezeka kumanja chakumanja kwamimba.

Popeza ndizofala kwambiri kuti matenda a chiwindi a chiwindi asakhale ndi zisonyezo, milandu yambiri imangodziwika pongoyesa magazi nthawi zonse. Zikatero, mitengo ya AST, ALT, Gamma-GT, alkaline phosphatase ndi bilirubin imakulitsidwa.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Ngati dokotalayo akukayikira kuti ali ndi matenda otupa chiwindi osachiritsika, kuphatikiza kuyesa magazi kwatsopano komwe kumayang'ana ma enzyme a chiwindi komanso ma antibodies, amathanso kufunsa mayeso oyerekeza, monga ultrasound kapena computed tomography.

Palinso zochitika zina zomwe biopsy ingafunsidwe, momwe timagulu tating'onoting'ono ta chiwindi timatumizidwa ku labotale kukayesa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chiwindi kapena kuyesa kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa chiwindi, kuwongolera kusintha mankhwala.

Zomwe zingayambitse matenda a chiwindi

Nthaŵi zambiri, matenda a chiwindi a chiwindi amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a kachilombo ka Hepatitis B, komabe, zifukwa zina zomwe zimafala ndizo:

• Vuto la hepatitis C;
• Vuto la hepatitis D;
• Kumwa mowa kwambiri;
• Matenda osokoneza bongo.

Ngakhale ndizosowa kwambiri, matenda otupa chiwindi osachiritsika amathanso kuyambika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina ya mankhwala, makamaka Isoniazid, Methyldopa kapena Phenytoin. Izi zikachitika, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwanira kusintha mankhwala kuti kutupa kwa chiwindi kusinthe.

Onani zina mwazizindikiro zomwe zingawonetse matenda a hepatitis C kapena matenda a hepatitis B.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha matenda otupa chiwindi chimadalira kukula kwa chiwindi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa. Komabe, ndizofala kuti mankhwala ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wina wa corticosteroids kuti muchepetse kutupa ndikuwongolera zizindikiritso, mpaka chifukwa chomwe chimadziwika.

Vutoli likazindikira, mankhwala ayenera kukhala okwanira, kuchiritsa matendawa nthawi iliyonse, ndikupewa kuyambika kwa zovuta. Chifukwa chake, pankhani ya matenda a chiwindi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka hepatitis B kapena C, adotolo amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo, chifukwa ngati matenda a chiwindi amayamba chifukwa cha matenda omwe amadzichotsera okha, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa chithandizo cha matendawa, ndipo ngati Zimayambitsidwa chifukwa chakumwa mowa kwambiri kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, kugwiritsa ntchito kuyenera kuyimitsidwa.

Nthawi yomweyo, kungathenso kuthana ndi zovuta zina zomwe zimadza ndikuchulukirachulukira, monga encephalopathy kapena kudzikundikira kwamadzi m'mimba.

Pazovuta kwambiri, pomwe zotupa za chiwindi zili patsogolo kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira kuti munthu amuike chiwindi. Mvetsetsani momwe kumuika kumachitikira ndi momwe amachira.