Chiwindi B

Zamkati

• Kodi matenda a hepatitis B ndi opatsirana?
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a chiwindi a B?
• Kodi zizindikiro za matenda otupa chiwindi a B ndi ziti?
• Kodi matenda a hepatitis B amapezeka bwanji?
• Hepatitis B pamwamba antigen test
• Chiyeso cha antigen cha hepatitis B
• Kuyesedwa kwa Hepatitis B padziko lapansi
• Kuyesa kwa chiwindi
• Kodi mankhwala a hepatitis B ndi ati?
• Katemera wa hepatitis B ndi immune globulin
• Njira zochizira matenda a hepatitis B
• Kodi mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi a B ndi ati?
• Kodi ndingapewe bwanji matenda a chiwindi a B?

Kodi hepatitis B ndi chiyani?

Hepatitis B ndi matenda a chiwindi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka hepatitis B (HBV). HBV ndi imodzi mwa mitundu isanu ya matenda a chiwindi. Enawo ndi a hepatitis A, C, D, ndi E. Iliyonse ndi mitundu ina ya ma virus, ndipo mitundu B ndi C ndiyotheka.

(CDC) imanena kuti pafupifupi anthu 3,000 ku United States amamwalira chaka chilichonse chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda a chiwindi a B. Akukayikira kuti anthu 1.4 miliyoni ku America ali ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a B.

Matenda a HBV amatha kukhala owopsa kapena osatha.

Kuchuluka kwa chiwindi cha hepatitis B kumapangitsa kuti zizioneka mwachangu kwa akuluakulu. Makanda omwe amatenga kachilombo pobadwa samangokhala ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a hepatitis B. Pafupifupi matenda onse a chiwindi a hepatitis B m'matenda amakhala opanda matenda.

Matenda a chiwindi B amayamba pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro sizingawonekere pokhapokha zovuta zitayamba.

Kodi matenda a hepatitis B ndi opatsirana?

Hepatitis B imafalikira kwambiri. Imafalikira kudzera pakukhudzana ndi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka komanso madzi ena amthupi. Ngakhale kuti kachilomboka kangapezeke mumathe, sikumafalikira kudzera mu ziwiya zogawana kapena kupsopsonana. Sifalikiranso kudzera mukuyetsemula, kutsokomola, kapena kuyamwitsa. Zizindikiro za matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B mwina sangawonekere kwa miyezi itatu mutayikidwa ndipo amatha milungu iwiri. Komabe, mumafalitsabe, ngakhale. Kachilomboka kangathe masiku asanu ndi awiri.

Njira zopezeka pofalitsa ndi monga:

• kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka
• kuchoka kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana panthawi yobadwa
• akumenyedwa ndi singano yakuda
• kucheza kwambiri ndi munthu amene ali ndi HBV
• m'kamwa, kumaliseche, ndi kumatako
• pogwiritsa ntchito lumo kapena chinthu china chilichonse chomwe chili ndi zotsalira za madzimadzi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a chiwindi a B?

Magulu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo ka HBV. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• ogwira ntchito zaumoyo
• amuna ogonana ndi amuna ena
• anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a IV
• anthu omwe ali ndi zibwenzi zingapo
• anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osatha a chiwindi
• anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso
• anthu azaka zopitilira 60 ali ndi matenda ashuga
• omwe amapita kumayiko omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a HBV

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda otupa chiwindi a B ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za chiwindi chachikulu cha hepatitis B mwina sizimawoneka kwa miyezi. Komabe, zizindikilo zofala zimaphatikizapo:

• kutopa
• mkodzo wakuda
• kulumikizana ndi minofu
• kusowa chilakolako
• malungo
• kusapeza m'mimba
• kufooka
• chikasu cha azungu a maso (sclera) ndi khungu (jaundice)

Zizindikiro zilizonse za hepatitis B zimafunikira kuwunika mwachangu. Zizindikiro za chiwindi cha chiwindi cha B zowopsa kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 60. Adziwitseni dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mwapezeka ndi hepatitis B. Mutha kupewa matenda.

Kodi matenda a hepatitis B amapezeka bwanji?

Madokotala amatha kuzindikira matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B atayezetsa magazi. Kuyeza kwa hepatitis B kungalimbikitsidwe kwa anthu omwe:

• adakumana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a hepatitis B
• apita kudziko lomwe matenda otupa chiwindi a B ndiofala
• akhala m'ndende
• gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a IV
• kulandira dialysis ya impso
• ali ndi pakati
• ndi amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna
• ali ndi HIV

Kuti muwone ngati matenda a hepatitis B, dokotala wanu adzakuyesani magazi.

Hepatitis B pamwamba antigen test

Kuyezetsa magazi kwa antigen kwa hepatitis B kumawonetsa ngati mukupatsirana. Zotsatira zabwino zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi matenda a chiwindi a B ndipo amatha kufalitsa kachilomboka. Zotsatira zoyipa zikutanthauza kuti mulibe matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B. Kuyesaku sikusiyanitsa pakati pa matenda opatsirana ndi azovuta. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mayeso ena a hepatitis B kuti adziwe.

Chiyeso cha antigen cha hepatitis B

Kuyezetsa magazi kwa hepatitis B pakati pa antigen kumawonetsa ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HBV. Zotsatira zabwino nthawi zambiri zimatanthauza kuti muli ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi kapena chosachiritsika B. Zitha kutanthauzanso kuti mukuchira matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B.

Kuyesedwa kwa Hepatitis B padziko lapansi

Kuyezetsa magazi kwa hepatitis B kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana chitetezo cha HBV. Kuyezetsa koyenera kumatanthauza kuti mulibe matenda a chiwindi a B. Pali zifukwa ziwiri zoyeserera. Mwinanso munalandira katemera, kapena mwina munachira ku matenda oopsa a HBV ndipo simupatsirana.

Kuyesa kwa chiwindi

Kuyesa kwa chiwindi ndikofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi hepatitis B kapena matenda aliwonse a chiwindi. Kuyesa kwa chiwindi kumayang'ana magazi anu kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa michere yopangidwa ndi chiwindi chanu. Kutalika kwa michere ya chiwindi kumawonetsa chiwindi chowonongeka kapena chotupa. Zotsatirazi zithandizanso kudziwa kuti ndi gawo liti la chiwindi lomwe lingakhale likugwira ntchito modabwitsa.

Ngati mayeserowa ali abwino, mungafunike kuyesedwa kwa matenda a chiwindi a B, C, kapena matenda ena a chiwindi. Ma virus a Hepatitis B ndi C ndi omwe amachititsa chiwindi kuwonongeka padziko lonse lapansi. Muyeneranso kuti mupeze mayeso a chiwindi kapena mayeso ena azithunzi.

Kodi mankhwala a hepatitis B ndi ati?

Katemera wa hepatitis B ndi immune globulin

Lankhulani ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukuganiza kuti mwapezeka ndi matenda a hepatitis B m'maola 24 apitawa. Ngati simunalandire katemera, mwina ndikotheka kulandira katemera wa hepatitis B ndi jakisoni wa HBV immune globulin. Ili ndi yankho la ma antibodies omwe amatsutsana ndi HBV.

Njira zochizira matenda a hepatitis B

Pachimake pa chiwindi B nthawi zambiri samafuna chithandizo. Anthu ambiri amatha kuthana ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa mwa iwo okha. Komabe, kupumula ndi kuthirira madzi kukuthandizani kuchira.

Mankhwala a mavairasi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B. Izi zimakuthandizani kulimbana ndi kachilomboka. Angathandizenso kuchepetsa chiwopsezo chamtsogolo cha chiwindi.

Mungafunike kumuika chiwindi ngati matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B awononga chiwindi chanu kwambiri. Kuika chiwindi kumatanthauza kuti dotolo wa opaleshoni amachotsa chiwindi chanu ndikuchikulitsa ndi chiwindi chopereka. Otsatsa ambiri amapereka kuchokera kwa omwe adapereka omwe adafa.

Kodi mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi a B ndi ati?

Kukhala ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a hepatitis B ndi awa:

• matenda a hepatitis D.
• kufooka kwa chiwindi (cirrhosis)
• chiwindi kulephera
• khansa ya chiwindi
• imfa

Matenda a Hepatitis D amatha kuchitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi a B. Hepatitis D siachilendo ku United States koma amathanso kubweretsa.

Kodi ndingapewe bwanji matenda a chiwindi a B?

Katemera wa hepatitis B ndiye njira yabwino yopewera matenda. Katemera amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri. Zimatengera katemera atatu kuti amalize mndandandawu. Magulu otsatirawa ayenera kulandira katemera wa hepatitis B:

• makanda onse, panthawi yobadwa
• ana aliwonse komanso achinyamata omwe sanalandire katemera pakubadwa
• Akuluakulu akuchiritsidwa matenda opatsirana pogonana
• anthu okhala m'malo azikhalidwe
• anthu omwe ntchito yawo imawakhudza ndi magazi
• Anthu omwe ali ndi HIV
• amuna ogonana ndi amuna
• anthu omwe ali ndi zibwenzi zingapo
• ogwiritsa ntchito jakisoni
• achibale a omwe ali ndi matenda a hepatitis B
• anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika
• anthu omwe amapita kumadera omwe ali ndi matenda otupa chiwindi a B

Mwanjira ina, pafupifupi aliyense ayenera kulandira katemera wa hepatitis B. Ndi katemera wotsika mtengo komanso wotetezeka kwambiri.

Palinso njira zina zochepetsera kutenga kachirombo ka HBV. Muyenera kufunsa omwe mumagonana nawo kuti akayezetse matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis B. Gwiritsani ntchito kondomu kapena damu la mano mukamagonana kumatako, kumaliseche, kapena mkamwa. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngati mukuyenda padziko lonse lapansi, onani ngati komwe mukupita kuli ndi matenda a chiwindi a B ndipo onetsetsani kuti mwalandira katemera wonse musanapite kukayenda.