Mlingo wa Matenda A Hepatitis C: Dziwani Zoona

Zamkati

• Zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza hepatitis C
• Kuchiza ndi kuchiritsa kwa chiwindi cha C
• Maonekedwe atatha chithandizo

Chidule

Hepatitis C (HCV) ndi matenda a chiwindi omwe angayambitse matenda aakulu. Zingakhale zakupha ngati sizichiritsidwa moyenera komanso chiwonongeko cha chiwindi chisanakhale chachikulu. Mwamwayi, mankhwala a HCV akuchulukirachulukira. Mankhwala omwe avomerezedwa posachedwa ndikuzindikiritsa anthu za matendawa zathandizira izi. Mankhwala ena akudzitamandira ndi mankhwala opitirira 90 peresenti.

Izi zikuwonetsa chitukuko chachikulu komanso cholimbikitsa chifukwa chiwerengero cha anthu akufa chifukwa cha HCV chikuwonjezeka. Mankhwala akuchulukirachulukira, koma vutoli liyenera kuganiziridwabe. Funani mankhwala mukangodziwa za matenda omwe angabwere.

Zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza hepatitis C

Tizilomboti timafalikira kudzera pogwiritsira ntchito singano pobayira mankhwala. Matendawa ndi matenda opatsirana m'magazi, choncho kukhudzana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka sikungapereke kachilomboka. Nthawi zambiri, kachilomboka kangathe kufalikira pachipatala ndi singano yachipatala.

Kuunika magazi operekedwa asanayambe kuwerengedwa mu 1992, zopangira magazi ndizomwe zimayambitsa kufalikira kwa kachilomboka.

Chimodzi mwamavuto akulu pochiza HCV ndikuti imatha kukhala m'dongosolo lanu kwazaka zambiri musanazindikire zizindikiro zilizonse. Pakadali pano, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kwachitika kale. Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri ndi izi:

• mkodzo wakuda
• jaundice, chikasu cha khungu komanso azungu amaso
• kupweteka m'mimba
• kutopa
• nseru

Ngati muli pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi HCV, muyenera kukayezetsa asanawonekere. Aliyense wobadwa pakati pa 1945 ndi 1965 ayenera kukayezetsa kamodzi. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi aliyense amene akulowetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena amene anabaya mankhwala kamodzi, ngakhale zitakhala zaka zambiri zapitazo. Njira zina zowunikira ndi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndipo adalandira magazi kapena kuikidwa ziwalo mwezi wa Julayi 1992 usanachitike.

Kuchiza ndi kuchiritsa kwa chiwindi cha C

Kwa zaka zambiri, njira imodzi yokhayo yothandiza yothandizirayi inali mankhwala osokoneza bongo a interferon. Mankhwalawa amafunikira jakisoni ambiri kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka chaka. Mankhwalawa amapanganso zizindikiro zosasangalatsa. Anthu ambiri omwe amamwa mankhwalawa amamva ngati ali ndi chimfine atalandira chithandizo. Mankhwala a Interferon anali othandiza okha, ndipo sakanatha kuperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi HCV yapamwamba chifukwa imatha kuwononga thanzi lawo.

Mankhwala akumwa otchedwa ribavirin amapezekanso panthawiyi. Mankhwalawa amayenera kumwedwa ndi jakisoni wa interferon.

Mankhwala amakono akuphatikizapo mankhwala akumwa omwe amafupikitsa nthawi yofunikira kuti igwire bwino. Mmodzi mwa oyamba kutuluka anali sofosbuvir (Sovaldi). Mosiyana ndi mankhwala ena oyamba, mankhwalawa sanafune jakisoni wa interferon kuti akhale wogwira mtima.

Mu 2014, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) idavomereza mankhwala opangidwa ndi ledipasvir ndi sofosbuvir (Harvoni). Ndi mankhwala kamodzi tsiku lililonse m'kalasi la mankhwala otchedwa antivirals otsogolera. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsa ntchito ma enzyme omwe amathandiza kuti kachilomboka kachulukane.

Mankhwala ovomerezeka pambuyo pa Harvoni adapangidwa kuti akhudze anthu omwe ali ndi ma genotypes osiyanasiyana. Genotype ikhoza kutanthawuza za majini kapena jini limodzi.

Ofufuza apeza kuti mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndi othandiza kwambiri kutengera mtundu wamtundu wa wodwala.

Zina mwa mankhwala omwe adavomerezedwa kuchokera ku 2014 kupita ndi simeprevir (Olysio), kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi sofosbuvir, ndi daclatasvir (Daklinza). Mankhwala ena ophatikizana, opangidwa ndi ombitasvir, paritaprevir, ndi ritonavir (Technivie) nawonso anali othandiza pamayeso azachipatala. Peresenti imodzi mwa anthu omwe amatenga Technivie adakumana ndi michere yambiri ya chiwindi. Ntchito yachilendo ya chiwindi idawoneka makamaka mwa azimayi omwe amatenga mapiritsi oletsa kubereka. Mankhwala ena amapezeka kutengera mtundu wa genotype komanso mbiri yakale yamankhwala.

Majakisoni a Interferon anali ndi machiritso pafupifupi 40 mpaka 50%. Mankhwala atsopano a mapiritsi amachiritsa pafupifupi 100%. M'mayesero azachipatala, mwachitsanzo, Harvoni, adapeza kuchiritsa pafupifupi 94% pambuyo pa masabata 12. Mankhwala ena ndi mankhwala osakanikirana anali ndi machiritso ofanana mofananamo munthawi yomweyo.

Maonekedwe atatha chithandizo

Mumayesedwa kuti mwachiritsidwa mayeso atawonetsa kuti thupi lanu likuwonekeratu kuti alibe matendawa. Kukhala ndi HCV sikutanthauza kuvulaza moyo wanu wamtsogolo komanso chiyembekezo cha moyo wanu. Mutha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino, mutatha kulandira chithandizo.

Ngati kachilomboko kali m'dongosolo lanu kwa zaka zambiri, chiwindi chanu chikhoza kuwonongeka kwambiri. Mutha kukhala ndi vuto lotchedwa cirrhosis, lomwe ndi mabala a chiwindi. Ngati chilondacho ndi chachikulu, chiwindi chanu sichitha kugwira bwino ntchito. Chiwindi chimasefa magazi ndikusintha mankhwala. Ngati ntchitoyi ikulephereka, mutha kukumana ndi mavuto azaumoyo, kuphatikiza chiwindi.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kukayezetsa HCV. Pezani chithandizo mwachangu momwe mungathere ngati muli ndi kachilombo.

Muyeneranso kudziwa kuti ngakhale ndizachilendo, ndizotheka kupatsiranso kachilomboka. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati mukubayabe mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikuchita zina zowopsa. Ngati mukufuna kupewa kutenganso kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, pewani kugawana singano ndikugwiritsa ntchito kondomu ndi mnzanu watsopano kapena wina yemwe adabayirapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'mbuyomu.

Matenda a hepatitis C akuchiritsidwa kwambiri kuposa zaka zingapo zapitazo. Komabe, muyenera kuchita zinthu zodzitetezera kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.