Mlembi: Frank Hunt
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 17 Kuguba 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 20 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Kodi hypokalemia, zizindikiro, zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo ndi chiyani - Thanzi
Kodi hypokalemia, zizindikiro, zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo ndi chiyani - Thanzi

Zamkati

Hypokalaemia, yotchedwanso hypokalemia, ndimomwe potaziyamu wocheperako amapezeka m'magazi, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa kufooka kwa minofu, kukokana ndi kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima, mwachitsanzo, zomwe zimatha kuchitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba, kusanza pafupipafupi kapena chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Potaziyamu ndi ma electrolyte omwe amatha kupezeka mosavuta mu zakudya zosiyanasiyana, monga nthochi, nthanga za dzungu, madzi a lalanje ndi kaloti, mwachitsanzo, ndipo ndikofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa minofu ndikufalitsa zikhumbo zamitsempha. Kutsika kwa electrolyte m'mwazi kumatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zina ndikubweretsa zotsatirapo zazitali, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti hypokalemia izindikiridwe ndikuchiritsidwa moyenera malinga ndi malangizo a dokotala. Dziwani zambiri za potaziyamu.

Zizindikiro za hypokalemia

Kuchepa kwa potaziyamu m'magazi kumatha kubweretsa kuwonekera kwa zizindikilo, popeza electrolyte iyi ndiyofunikira pantchito zingapo mthupi. Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyanasiyana pamunthu wina ndi mnzake komanso malinga ndi kuopsa kwa hypokalemia, komabe, kwakukulu, zizindikilo zazikulu ndi izi:


  • Kukokana;
  • Kuponderezana mwamphamvu kwa minofu;
  • Kufooka kosalekeza;
  • Kupuma kovuta;
  • Sinthani kugunda kwa mtima;
  • Kufa ziwalo, zikavuta kwambiri.

Kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi kumakhala pakati pa 3.5 mEq / L ndi 5.5 mEq / L, ndipo zimatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pama laboratories. Chifukwa chake, ndi ochepera 3.5 mEq / L amadziwika kuti hypokalemia.

Zoyambitsa zazikulu

Zomwe zimayambitsa kutsika kwa potaziyamu m'magazi ndi:

  • Kusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba, zomwe ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa potaziyamu m'magazi chifukwa chotayika kudzera m'mimba;
  • Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, monga insulin, salbutamol ndi theophylline, mwachitsanzo, popeza amalimbikitsa potaziyamu kulowa m'maselo, ndikuchepetsa magazi ake;
  • Hyperthyroidism, momwe mulinso potaziyamu yosunthira m'maselo;
  • Kusintha kwa adrenal glands, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa aldosterone, yomwe ndi mahomoni omwe amayendetsa bwino pakati pa sodium ndi potaziyamu ndipo yomwe ikakwezedwa imalimbikitsa kuchotsa potaziyamu mumkodzo, zomwe zimapangitsa hypokalemia;
  • Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba pafupipafupi, popeza zingayambitse kutayika kwa maelektroliti ndipo, pamapeto pake, zingayambitse impso ndi mavuto amtima;
  • Matenda a Cushing, omwe ndi matenda omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa cortisol m'magazi ndipo, chifukwa chake, potaziyamu amatuluka kwambiri mumkodzo, ndikupangitsa hypokalemia.

Kuperewera kwa potaziyamu m'magazi sikugwirizana kwenikweni ndi chakudya, chifukwa zakudya zambiri zomwe zimadyedwa tsiku ndi tsiku zimakhala ndi potaziyamu wokwanira. Dziwani zakudya zomwe zili ndi potaziyamu.


Matenda a hypokalemia amapangidwa kuchokera muyeso wa potaziyamu m'magazi ndi mkodzo, kuphatikiza pa electrocardiogram, popeza pakhoza kusintha kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima. Ndikofunikira kuti hypokalemia izindikiridwe bwino ndikuchiritsidwa, chifukwa potaziyamu yocheperako m'magazi imatha kubweretsa kufooka kwa minofu ndi impso kulephera, mwachitsanzo, ndipo izi ndizovuta kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha potaziyamu wochepa m'magazi chimachitika molingana ndi chifukwa cha hypokalemia, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi munthuyo komanso potaziyamu m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, dokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu wowonjezera, womwe umayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa pang'ono panthawi ya chakudya kuti mupewe kukwiya kwam'mimba.

Milandu yovuta kwambiri, ndipamene potaziyamu imakhala yofanana kapena yochepera pa 2.0 mEq / L, tikulimbikitsidwa kupereka potaziyamu mwachindunji mumitsempha kuti milingo ya electrolyte iwayendetsedwe mwachangu kwambiri. Potaziyamu imawonetsedwanso mwachindunji mumtsinje pakakhala kusintha kwakukulu pamtima kapena ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owonjezera pakamwa, potaziyamu imapitilirabe kugwa.


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