Hypogonadism: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• 1. Hypogonadism yamwamuna
• 2. Hypogonadism yachikazi
• 3. Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• 1. Hypogonadism yoyambirira
• 2. Hypogonadism yachiwiri
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Zovuta zotheka

Hypogonadism ndimkhalidwe womwe mazira kapena machende samatulutsa mahomoni okwanira, monga estrogen mwa akazi ndi testosterone mwa amuna, omwe amatenga gawo lofunikira pakukula ndikukula msinkhu.

Vutoli limatha kukula panthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati, amawonekera pobadwa, koma amathanso kuwonekera msinkhu uliwonse, makamaka chifukwa cha zotupa kapena matenda m'mazira kapena machende.

Hypogonadism imatha kubweretsa kusabereka, kusatha msinkhu, msambo kapena kukula kosakwanira kwa maliseche. Chithandizo cha hypogonadism chikuyenera kuwonetsedwa ndi adotolo ndipo cholinga chake ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ndikupewa zovuta, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mahomoni kapena opaleshoni kungakhale kofunikira.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Hypogonadism imatha kuyamba panthawi yomwe mwana amakula msinkhu, asanakule msinkhu kapena atakula ndipo nthawi zambiri, zizindikilo zimadalira nthawi yomwe matenda amakula komanso kugonana kwa munthu:

1. Hypogonadism yamwamuna

Hypogonadism yamwamuna imayamba chifukwa chakuchepa kapena kusapezeka kwa testosterone ndi machende, ndikuwonetsa zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi gawo la moyo:

• Ana: Kulephera kwa ziwalo zogonana zakunja kumatha kuchitika chifukwa chotsika kwa testosterone panthawi yomwe mwana amakula. Kutengera nthawi yomwe hypogonadism imayamba komanso kuchuluka kwa testosterone, mwana, yemwe ali ndi chibadwa chamwamuna, amatha kubadwa ndi maliseche achikazi, ziwalo zoberekera zomwe sizowoneka kuti si za amuna kapena akazi kapena maliseche osakwanira;
• Anyamata asanakule msinkhu: Zizindikiro za hypogonadism ndizovuta kukula kwa mbolo, minofu ndi tsitsi la thupi, mawonekedwe a mabere, kusasintha kwa mawu, kufalikira msinkhu, ndikukula kwambiri kwa manja ndi miyendo poyerekeza ndi thunthu;
• Amuna atatha msinkhu: kuchepa kwa tsitsi la thupi, kuchepa kwa minofu ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta amthupi, kulephera kwa erectile komanso chilakolako chogonana chochepa. Pakhoza kukhalanso ndi kuchepa kwa umuna, zomwe zingayambitse kusabereka kapena zovuta kupatsa mnzakeyo pakati.

Kuzindikira kwa hypogonadism kumapangidwa ndi dokotala wa ana kapena urologist, kutengera zizindikilo, mbiri yazachipatala ndikuwunika komwe dokotala amafufuza kukula kwa machende, mbolo ndi tsitsi pathupi, komanso zotheka chitukuko cha mabere. Ngati mukuganiza kuti hypogonadism yamwamuna, adotolo ayenera kuyitanitsa mayeso kuti athe kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mahomoni monga testosterone, FSH ndi LH, komanso kusanthula umuna, kudzera mumayeso a umuna. Pezani momwe spermogram imapangidwira.

2. Hypogonadism yachikazi

Hypogonadism yachikazi yomwe imachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kapena kusapezeka kwa estrogen ndi thumba losunga mazira ndipo imakhala ndi zizindikilo zosiyana kutengera gawo la moyo wamayi, womwe umaphatikizapo:

• Atsikana asanakwane msinkhu: nthawi zambiri msambo woyamba umayamba atakwanitsa zaka 14 kapena kusowa kwathunthu kwamsambo, komwe kumakhudza kukula kwa mabere ndi tsitsi;
• Amayi atatha msinkhu: msambo wosakhazikika kapena kusokonezedwa kwa nthawi kumatha kuchitika, kusowa mphamvu, kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro, kuchepa kwa chilakolako chogonana, kusowa tsitsi, kuwotcha komanso kukhala ndi pakati.

Kuzindikira kwa hypogonadism yachikazi kumapangidwa ndi dokotala wa ana kapena wazamayi, malinga ndi zaka, kutengera mbiri yazachipatala, zaka kusamba koyambirira, kusamba nthawi zonse komanso mayeso olimbitsa thupi kuti athe kuyesa kukula kwa tsitsi la m'mawere ndi m'mimba. Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo ayenera kuyitanitsa mayeso a labotale kuti athe kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a FSH, LH, estrogen, progesterone ndi prolactin, ndi mayeso oyerekeza monga ultrasound ya m'chiuno.

3. Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti hypogonadism yapakati, imatha kuchitika pobadwa mwa abambo ndi amai, koma imathanso kukula msinkhu uliwonse.

Mtundu uwu wa hypogonadism umachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa hypothalamus kapena pituitary gland, yomwe imapezeka muubongo, yomwe imayambitsa kupanga mahomoni omwe amalimbikitsa thumba losunga mazira kapena machende kutulutsa mahomoni awo. Poterepa, zizindikiro zofala kwambiri ndikumutu, kuvutika kuwona monga kuwona kawiri kapena kutayika, komanso mkaka wapangidwa ndi mabere.

Kuzindikira kwa hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism kumapangidwa ndi dokotala kutengera zizindikiritso ndikuwunikanso zithunzi monga maginito owonetsera ubongo.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypogonadism zitha kugawidwa kutengera mtundu wa England womwe umakhudzidwa ndikuphatikizira:

1. Hypogonadism yoyambirira

Hypogonadism yoyamba imayamba chifukwa cha:

• Matenda osokoneza bongo, aimpso kapena a chiwindi;
• Mavuto amtundu, monga Turner Syndrome, mwa akazi, ndi Klinefelter Syndrome, mwa amuna;
• Cryptorchidism momwe machende samatsikira m'mimba mwa anyamata pakubadwa;
• Kutupa kwa anyamata;
• Kutha msambo kwa akazi;
• Polycystic ovary syndrome mwa akazi;
• Matenda monga chinzonono mwa akazi;
• Radiotherapy kapena chemotherapy yothandizira khansa chifukwa imatha kukhudza kupanga mahomoni ogonana.

Mu mtundu uwu wa hypogonadism, thumba losunga mazira kapena machende sizigwira ntchito moyenera, zimatulutsa timadzi tating'ono kapena ayi, chifukwa samayankha kukondoweza kwaubongo.

2. Hypogonadism yachiwiri

Hypogonadism yachiwiri nthawi zambiri imayambitsidwa ndi:

• Kutuluka magazi kosazolowereka;
• Mavuto amtundu monga Kallmann's syndrome;
• Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi;
• Kunenepa kwambiri;
• Chitsulo chowonjezera m'magazi;
• Cheza;
• Matenda a HIV;
• Chotupa cham'mimba.

Mu hypogonadism yachiwiri, kuchepa kapena kusowa kwa mahomoni muubongo, monga FSH ndi LH, omwe ali ndi udindo wolimbikitsa machende kapena thumba losunga mazira kuti apange mahomoni awo ogonana.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha hypogonadism chiyenera kuchitidwa nthawi zonse ndi upangiri wa zamankhwala ndipo atha kuphatikizira mankhwala am'madzi m'malo mwa mahomoni progesterone ndi estrogen mwa akazi, ndi testosterone mwa amuna.

Ngati chifukwa chake ndi vuto lachiberekero, chithandizo chitha kuchitidwanso ndi mahomoni am'thupi kuti athandizire kupanga umuna mwa amuna kapena kutulutsa mazira mwa akazi ndikubwezeretsanso chonde. Kuphatikiza apo, pakakhala chotupa m'matumbo, pangafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti achotse chotupacho, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, radiotherapy kapena chithandizo chamafuta.

Zovuta zotheka

Zovuta zomwe hypogonadism imatha kuyambitsa ndi izi:

• Ziwalo zoberekera zosazolowereka mwa amuna;
• Kukula kwa m'mawere mwa amuna;
• Kulephera kwa Erectile mwa amuna;
• Kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima;
• Kuchuluka thupi;
• Kutayika kwa minofu;
• Kusabereka;
• Kufooka kwa mafupa.

Kuphatikiza apo, hypogonadism imatha kukhudza kudzidalira kwa abambo ndi amai ndikupangitsa zovuta pamaubwenzi achikondi kapena pamavuto amisala monga kukhumudwa, kuda nkhawa kapena kusalandira thupi lenilenilo.