Postural (orthostatic) hypotension: chomwe chiri, zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zomwe zingayambitse postural hypotension
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Postural hypotension, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti orthostatic hypotension, ndimomwe zimakhalira ndikuchepa kwakanthawi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, komwe kumabweretsa kuwonekera kwa zizindikilo zina, monga chizungulire, kukomoka ndi kufooka.

Izi zimachitika makamaka munthuyo akasunthira pamalo abodza kapena kukhala pamalo oyimirira mwachangu, koma amathanso kukhala chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, kupumula kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kusowa kwa madzi m'thupi, ndikofunikira kufufuza zomwe zimayambitsa ndikuyamba chithandizo choyenera.

Zomwe zingayambitse postural hypotension

Postural hypotension imachitika makamaka pamene munthuyo amadzuka msanga, alibe nthawi yokwanira kuti magazi aziyenda bwino, kudzikundikira m'mitsempha ya miyendo ndi chifuwa, zomwe zimabweretsa zizindikilo. Zina zomwe zimayambitsa orthostatic hypotension ndi izi:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena;
• Kutaya madzi m'thupi, komwe kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi;
• Kunama kapena kukhala nthawi yayitali;
• Kusintha kwazovuta chifukwa cha msinkhu;
• Pambuyo kwambiri zolimbitsa thupi;
• Osadziletsa matenda a shuga;
• Matenda a Parkinson.

Palinso postpandial hypotension, yomwe imakonda kwambiri okalamba ndipo imadziwika ndikuchepa kwadzidzidzi kwadzidzidzi kwa magazi patangopita maola ochepa mutatha kudya, zomwe zitha kuyimira chiopsezo kwa munthuyo, chifukwa zimawonjezera ngozi yakugwa, mtima kulephera ndi sitiroko itatha.

Postural hypotension imadziwika ndi kutsika kwa kuthamanga, kotero kuti kuponderezedwa kwa systolic kumakhala kochepera 20 mmHg ndi kuthamanga kwa diastolic kochepera 10 mmHg. Chifukwa chake, pakakhala zizindikilo zosonyeza kutsika kwa mphamvu, ndikofunikira kupita kwa katswiri wa zamatenda kapena wothandizira onse kuti akapeze matendawa.

Kuzindikira mtundu wa hypotension kumachitika pofufuza kuthamanga kwa magazi m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuti adokotala athe kuyesa kusiyanasiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo amawunika zizindikilo zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi munthuyo, komanso mbiri. Mayesero ena atha kulimbikitsidwa, monga electrocardiogram (ECG), glucose ndi electrolyte dosage, monga calcium, potaziyamu ndi magnesium, mwachitsanzo, komabe zotsatira zamayeserowa sizotsimikizika chifukwa cha postension hypotension.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro zazikulu zokhudzana ndi orthostatic hypotension ndikumva kukomoka, kusawona bwino, chizungulire, kugunda, kusokonezeka m'maganizo, kusakhazikika bwino, kunjenjemera, kupweteka mutu ndi kugwa, ndipo ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala ngati hypotension imachitika pafupipafupi.

Kukula kwa hypotension postural kumawonjezeka ndi ukalamba, kukhala okalamba pafupipafupi, ndipo zizindikirazo zimatha kuoneka masekondi kapena mphindi munthu atadzuka, mwachitsanzo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Mankhwalawa amakhazikitsidwa ndi dokotala molingana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a orthostatic hypotension, kotero kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe mukugwiritsa ntchito, kuonjezera kumwa kwa madzi ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi komanso mopepuka. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kugona kwa nthawi yayitali, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizikhala kapena kudzuka pafupipafupi.

Nthawi zina, adokotala amalimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena omwe amalimbikitsa kusungidwa kwa sodium ndi kupumula kwa zizindikilo, monga Fludrocortisone, mwachitsanzo, kapena mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito zotupa (NSAIDs) omwe amalimbikitsanso kusintha kwa postural hypotension.