HIV-1 ndi HIV-2: ndi chiyani ndipo pali kusiyana kotani

Zamkati

• Kusiyana kwakukulu kwakukulu pakati pa HIV-1 ndi HIV-2
• 1. Kodi amakhala kuti nthawi zambiri
• 2. Momwe amapatsira
• 3. Momwe matenda amasinthira
• 4. Kodi mankhwalawa amachitika bwanji?

HIV-1 ndi HIV-2 ndi mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya kachilombo ka HIV, kotchedwanso kachilombo ka HIV, kamene kamayambitsa matenda a Edzi, omwe ndi matenda akulu omwe amakhudza chitetezo cha mthupi ndikuchepetsa kuyankha kwa thupi.

Mavairasiwa, ngakhale amayambitsa matenda omwewo ndipo amapatsirana mofananamo, amapereka kusiyana kofunikira, makamaka pamlingo wake wopatsirana komanso momwe matenda amasinthira.

Kusiyana kwakukulu kwakukulu pakati pa HIV-1 ndi HIV-2

HIV-1 ndi HIV-2 ali ndi kufanana kofananako pakubwereza kwawo, momwe angatumizire ndi mawonetseredwe azachipatala a Edzi, koma ali ndi zosiyana:

1. Kodi amakhala kuti nthawi zambiri

HIV-1 imafala kwambiri kulikonse padziko lapansi, pomwe HIV-2 imafala kwambiri ku West Africa.

2. Momwe amapatsira

Njira yofalitsira kachilomboka ndiyofanana ndi HIV-1 ndi HIV-2 ndipo imachitika chifukwa chogonana mosadziteteza, kugawana masirinji pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, kufalitsa panthawi yapakati kapena kukhudzana ndi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.

Ngakhale amapatsirana chimodzimodzi, HIV-2 imatulutsa tizilomboto tochepera kuposa HIV-1 ndipo chifukwa chake, chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo kamakhala kochepa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi HIV-2.

3. Momwe matenda amasinthira

Ngati kachirombo ka HIV kadzayamba ndi Edzi, njira yopangira matendawa ndiyofanana pamitundu yonse ya ma virus. Komabe, popeza HIV-2 imakhala ndi vutoli locheperako, kusintha kwa kachilomboko kumachedwetsa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zizindikiro za Edzi zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi HIV-2 zizitenga nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimatha kutenga zaka 30, poyerekeza ndi HIV-1, yomwe itha kukhala pafupifupi zaka 10.

Edzi imabwera munthu akamakhala ndi matenda opatsirana, monga chifuwa chachikulu kapena chibayo, zomwe zimawonekera chifukwa cha kufooka kwa chitetezo chamthupi chomwe chimapangidwa ndi kachilomboka. Onani zambiri zamatendawa komanso zizindikilo zomwe zingachitike.

4. Kodi mankhwalawa amachitika bwanji?

Chithandizo cha kachilombo ka HIV chimachitika ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo ka HIV, omwe, ngakhale samachotsa kachilomboka mthupi, amathandiza kupewa kuchulukitsa, kuchepetsa kupitilira kwa kachilombo ka HIV, kupewa kufalitsa ndi kuteteza chitetezo cha mthupi.

Komabe, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa majini pakati pa ma virus, kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala ochizira HIV-1 ndi HIV-2 kumatha kukhala kosiyana, popeza HIV-2 imagonjetsedwa ndi magulu awiri a antiretrovirals: reverse transcriptase analogues and fusion / entry inhibitors . Dziwani zambiri zamankhwala a HIV.