Kodi Kuyang'ana Kutsata Ntchito, Ndendende?

Zamkati

• Kodi kutsata ndikulondola, ndendende?
• Ndani angafikidwe ndi cholondera?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukadzafikiridwa ndi wothandizira?
• Zovuta Zokhudza Kulumikizana
• Kodi nthawi yabwino yoti muzitsogolera anthu ndi iti?
• Onaninso za

Ndi milandu yopitilira 1.3 miliyoni yotsimikizika ya coronavirus (COVID-19) yopita ku US, zovuta ndizabwino kwambiri kuti kachilomboka kamazungulira m'dera lanu. Maiko angapo tsopano akhazikitsa njira zolumikizirana ndi anthu mdera lawo kuti ayese kufufuza anthu omwe mwina anali kulumikizana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo, ndi chiyembekezo chofafaniza kufalikira ndikuthandizira anthu kumvetsetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka.

Simunamvepo za kutsatira komwe kumalumikizidwa kale? Si inu nokha, koma ndi gawo lomwe likukula mwachangu pakali pano. Poganizira zakufunika kowonjezera kwa olumikizana nawo, Yunivesite ya Johns Hopkins yatulutsanso njira yaulere yolumikizira intaneti kwa aliyense amene akufuna kuphunzira za mchitidwewu.

Izi ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa pazakufufuza, kuphatikiza zomwe mungayembekezere ngati mungafikiridwe ndi wothandizira.

Kodi kutsata ndikulondola, ndendende?

Kulumikizana ndi njira yothandizira odwala yomwe imagwira ntchito kutsata anthu omwe adalumikizana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana (pamenepa, COVID-19), malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Ma tracers amadziwitsa anthu kuti ali ndi matenda opatsirana ndipo amawatsata pafupipafupi kuti apereke malangizo oti achite. Zotsatirazi zitha kuphatikiza upangiri wopewera matenda, kuwunika zizindikiro, kapena mayendedwe odzipatula, pakati pa malangizo ena, kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri, malinga ndi World Health Organisation (WHO). Kufufuza komwe kulumikizana si kwachilendo ndi COVID-19 - idagwiritsidwapo ntchito m'mbuyomu matenda ena opatsirana monga Ebola.

Pankhani ya COVID-19, anthu omwe adakumanapo ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto lotsimikizika akulimbikitsidwa kuti azikhala kwaokha kwa masiku 14 atakumana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo komaliza kuyesa kuletsa kufalikira kwa coronavirus, malinga ndi CDC. (Zogwirizana: Ndi liti, Momwemo, Kodi Muyenera Kudzipatula Ngati Mukuganiza Kuti Muli Ndi Coronavirus?)

"Lingaliro lofunikira ndilakuti, wodwala akangodziwika kuti ali ndi vuto la COVID-19, amafunsidwa ndi wothandizira kuti amvetsetse anthu onse omwe adakumana nawo pamasom'pamaso mkati mwa nthawi zomwe mwina anali opatsirana, "akufotokoza Carolyn Cannuscio, Sc.D., director of research for the Center for Public Health Initiatives ku University of Pennsylvania. "Timayesetsa kupeza kuyankhulana kumeneku mwachangu ndikuzichita mokwanira momwe tingathere."

Kufufuza komwe kumachitikira kumachitika mdera lanu komanso m'boma, kotero njirayo imatha kusiyana kutengera komwe idachitikira, atero katswiri wodziwa za miliri Henry F. Raymond, Dr.PH, MPH, wotsogolera zaumoyo wa anthu ku The Center for COVID-19 Response and Pandemic. Kukonzekera ku Rutgers Global Health Institute. Mwachitsanzo, maulamuliro ena amatha kuyang'ana aliyense yemwe adalumikizana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka masiku 14 asanamuzindikire, pomwe ena amatha kungoganizira zolumikizana pakanthawi kochepa, akufotokoza.

Ndani angafikidwe ndi cholondera?

Chinsinsi chake ndikulumikizana ndi "munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka", atero a Elaine Symanski, Ph.D., pulofesa ku Center for Precision Environmental Health ku Baylor College of Medicine.

Ngakhale kulumikizana kumachitika makamaka kumadera ndi maboma, CDC yapereka chitsogozo kwa omwe angakumane nawo pakuphulika kwa COVID-19. Pansi pa chitsogozo chimenecho, "kulumikizana kwambiri" pa nthawi ya mliri wa COVID-19 kumatanthauzidwa ngati munthu yemwe anali mkati mwa mphindi 15 za munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, kuyambira maola 48 wodwalayo asanayambe kukumana ndi zizindikiro mpaka nthawi yomwe adadzipatula. .

Anzathu apamtima, abale, ndi ogwira nawo ntchito a munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndi omwe amalumikizidwa kwambiri, akutero Cannuscio. Koma ngati mutangopita kukagula zinthu nthawi imodzimodzi ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, kapena kuwadutsa mukuyenda mozungulira dera lanu, sizokayikitsa kuti mudzamva kuchokera kwa wolowa nawo, akuwonjezera. Izi zati, ngati munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka anali pamalo ang'onoang'ono ngati basi ya anthu kwa nthawi yayitali, wofufuza yemwe angakumane naye angayese kufufuza yemwe anali m'basiyo ndikufika kwa iwo, akutero Abiodun Oluyomi, Ph.D. , pulofesa wothandizira wa zamankhwala ku Baylor College of Medicine. Apa ndipomwe ma tracers olumikizirana amatha kulowa muntchito yazoyang'anira.

“Ngati wina ali ndi kachilombo, pali njira ziwiri zodziwira munthu amene wakumana naye kwambiri,” akufotokoza motero Oluyomi. Odwala omwe amadziwa motsimikiza kuti adalumikizana ndi anthu ena atha kungopereka mayina ndi ma adilesi awo kwa omwe amawasaka - ndizosavuta, akutero Oluyomi. Koma ngati adakwera basi kwa nthawi yayitali asadapezeke, ndipo akudziwa njira yamabasi, tracer amatha kusanja mitengo yazakale komanso ma data apita kuti ayesetse kupeza anthu ena omwe adakwera bus pogwiritsa ntchito chodutsanso chodutsa ngati MetroCard. "Ndiye, mumawadziwa ndipo mumatha kuwapeza," akufotokoza Oluyomi. Ngakhale zili choncho, sizingatheke kutsata nthawi zonse aliyense, akutero.Mu chitsanzo cha basi, iwo omwe adagwiritsa ntchito ndalama m'malo mwa MetroCard mwina sangapezeke, akutero - simungathe kudziwa kuti ndi ndani. "[Kufufuza anthu omwe ali nawo] sikungapusitsidwe konse," akutero Oluyomi. (Zogwirizana: Kodi Kuyimira Kwawo Kwa Omwe Akuthamanga Kufalitsa Coronavirus Kwenikweni Ndi Mwendo?)

Kumbali inayi, ngati wodwala yemwe ali ndi kachilombo akudziwa dzina la wothandizidwayo koma sakudziwa zina zawo, wofufuza angayese kuwatsata kudzera pa TV kapena zina zomwe angapeze pa intaneti, akuwonjezera Cannuscio.

Zosadziwika ndizovuta kwa omwe amalumikizana nawo, koma akuchita zonse zomwe angathe. "Pakadali pano, [olumikizana nawo] akuyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pazolumikizana zomwe akudziwa," akutero Dr. Raymond. "Zochitika zazikulu zowonekera mosadziwika zitha kukhala zosatheka kuzilondola." Ndipo atapatsidwa kuti Robert Redfield, MD, wamkulu wa CDC, wauzidwa posachedwa NPR kuti pafupifupi 25% ya anthu onse aku America omwe ali ndi COVID-19 atha kukhala osatsata, kutsatira aliyense kulumikizana kamodzi sikungatheke kwa 100%.

Poyamba, otsata njira amangofikira anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ndikuyima pamenepo. Koma ma tracers amayamba kufikira a ma contacts ngati kulumikizana koyamba kutapezeka kuti mukuwonetsa kuti muli ndi COVID-19 iwowokha-zosokoneza, sichoncho? “Zili ngati mtengo, kenako nthambi ndi masamba,” akufotokoza motero Oluyomi.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukadzafikiridwa ndi wothandizira?

Pongoyambira, mumalankhula ndi munthu weniweni - nthawi zambiri simakhala robocall. "Ndikofunikira kuti anthu adziwe zambiri mwachangu, koma chitsanzo chathu ndikuti kulumikizana ndi anthu ndikofunikira kwambiri," akufotokoza Cannuscio. "Anthu ali ndi mafunso ambiri akamva kwa ife, ndipo tikufuna kuti titha kuwathandiza, kuwapatsa chilimbikitso, ndikuwathandiza kumvetsetsa momwe angachepetse kufalikira kwa kachilombo kwa anthu omwe amawasamalira. Ali ndi nkhawa, ndipo ndikufuna kudziwa zomwe ayenera kuchita. "

Kunena zoona: N’zokayikitsa kuti wofufuzayo angakuuzeni amene ali ndi kachilomboka yemwe munakumana naye—nthawi zambiri sizidziwika chifukwa chachinsinsi kuti muteteze munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, akutero Dr. Raymond. "[Cholinga chake] ndikuwonetsetsa kuti olumikizana nawo alandila chithandizo chazaumoyo chomwe angafune," akufotokoza.

Njirayi ndiyosiyana kulikonse, koma mukangolumikizidwa ndikuwuzani kuti mwalumikizana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi COVID-19, mudzafunsidwa mafunso angapo okhudza nthawi yomwe mudalumikizana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka (ngakhale simudzawadziwa, mudzapatsidwa zambiri monga ngati adagwira ntchito m'nyumba mwanu, amakhala m'dera lanu, ndi zina zotero), momwe mukukhala, matenda omwe muli nawo, komanso ngati muli ndi zizindikiro , akufotokoza Dr. Raymond.

Mudzafunsidwanso kuti mukhale nokha kwa masiku 14 kuyambira tsiku lomaliza lomwe mudakumanapo ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, zomwe akatswiri amadziwa kuti ndi pempho lovuta. "Pali kusintha kwamakhalidwe komwe tikupempha anthu kuti achite," akutero a Cannuscio. "Timawapempha kuti asakhale pagulu komanso kuti achepetse kucheza ndi mabanja awo." Mudzafunsidwanso kuti muyang'anire zizindikiro zanu panthawiyi ndipo mudzapatsidwa malangizo a zomwe mungachite ngati mwakhala ndi zizindikiro. (Zogwirizana: Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Ngati Mukukhala Ndi Munthu Yemwe Ali Ndi Coronavirus)

Zovuta Zokhudza Kulumikizana

Pomwe dongosolo la boma lotsegulira America liphatikizanso malingaliro pakuyesa kwamphamvu kwa ma coronavirus ndi kuwunikira (pakati pazinthu zina), sikuti mayiko onse omwe akutsegulanso akutsatira malangizowo. M'maiko amenewo kukhala adalumikizana ndi ena mwa njira yotseguliranso, kodi ndi zothandiza bwanji kupewa kufalikira kwa COVID-19?

CDC imati kulumikizana ndi "njira yothanirana ndi matenda" komanso "njira yofunika kwambiri yopewera kufalikira kwa COVID-19." Akatswiri amavomereza kuti: "Ife tiribe katemera. Sitikhala ndi ma virus kapena antibody tests wamba. Popanda izi, n'zovuta kupatutsa odwala omwe ali ndi kachilomboka popanda kufufuza, "akufotokoza motero Dr. Raymond.

Koma Cannuscio akuti kuwunikira komwe kumalumikizidwa kudzakhala kothandiza kwambiri atakhala kuti alipo. “Nthaŵi zambiri, chiŵerengero cha odwala chimakhala chokwera kwambiri kotero kuti n’kovuta kwambiri kupirira,” akutero.

Kuphatikiza apo, kulumikizana ndi othandizira sikutsogola ukadaulo monga momwe kungathekere. Pakali pano ku U.S., kufufuza anthu amene akukumana nawo kumachitika makamaka ndi anthu—ofufuza akumafunsa mafunso, amafika patelefoni, ngakhalenso kupita m’nyumba nthaŵi zina kukatsatira, akufotokoza motero Dr. Raymond. Izi zikuphatikizapo zambiri za anthu ogwira ntchito — zambiri zomwe pakali pano sizikupezeka, akutero Dr. Symanski. "Ndiotenga nthawi yambiri komanso yotopetsa," akufotokoza. “Tidakali pa sitepe yolemba anthu amene angathe kugwira ntchitoyo,” akuwonjezera motero Oluyomi. (Yogwirizana: Fitness Tracker Yanu Itha Kukuthandizani Kugwira Zizindikiro za Under-the-Radar Coronavirus)

Koma kulumikizana ndi makina kwachitika (osachepera gawo) kwina kulikonse. Ku South Korea, opanga mapulogalamu achinsinsi adapanga mapulogalamu kuti athandizire kulumikizana ndi boma. Pulogalamu imodzi, yotchedwa Corona 100m, imatenga deta kuchokera kuzipatala kuti anthu adziwe ngati mlandu wa COVID-19 wapezeka mu 100 mita, komanso tsiku lomwe wodwalayo adapezeka, malinga ndi MsikaWatch. Pulogalamu ina, yotchedwa Mapu a Corona, imayang'ana pomwe anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ali pamapu kuti deta imveke mosavuta.

"[Mapulogalamuwa] akuwoneka kuti agwira ntchito bwino kwambiri," akutero a Cannuscio, podziwa kuti South Korea yachepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amafa poyerekeza ndi mayiko ena omwe coronavirus ikufalikira. "Ali ndi dongosolo lamphamvu kwambiri lomwe limaphatikizira kulumikizana kwa digito ndi anthu. South Korea imatsimikiziridwa ngati imodzi mwazomwe tingachite izi," akufotokoza. "Ku U.S., tikusewera chifukwa maofesi azachipatala alibe zida zochitira izi pamlingo."

Zimenezi zikhoza kusintha. Ku US, Google ndi Apple adalumikizana kuti azitha kutsata njira yolumikizirana. Cholinga cha makampaniwa ndikuti "athe kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa Bluetooth kuthandiza maboma ndi mabungwe azaumoyo kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa kachilomboka, ndi chinsinsi cha ogwiritsa ntchito komanso chitetezo pakati pakupanga."

Kodi nthawi yabwino yoti muzitsogolera anthu ndi iti?

M'dziko labwino, nthawi yabwino kuyamba kulumikizana ndi anthu kungoyambira pomwe matenda adayamba, atero Dr. Raymond. "Komabe, izi zimangogwira ntchito ngati mukudziwa komwe chiyambi chidaliri ndipo mwakhala mukuyang'ana [matendawa]," akutero.

Cannuscio akuwona kuti njira yolumikizirana ndiyofunika kwambiri monga mayiko, mabizinesi, ndi masukulu amatsegulidwanso. "Cholinga chake ndikuti athe kuzindikira mwachangu milandu yatsopano, kupatula anthuwa, kudziwa omwe amalumikizana nawo, ndikuthandizira olumikizanawo kuti azikhala kwaokha kuti asakhale ndi mwayi wopatsira ena," akutero. "Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera kufalikira kwatsopano kotero kuti sitikukula mofulumira ngati tawona ku New York City." (Zogwirizana: Kodi Zidzakhala Zosavuta Kuchita Gym Pambuyo pa Coronavirus?)

Komabe, kufunafuna kulumikizana si sayansi yangwiro. Ngakhale akatswiri azamisala amavomereza kuti njirayi nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta masiku ano. "N'zosadabwitsa," akutero Cannuscio. "Misonkhano yomwe ndimakhala, aliyense amavomereza kuti tikudzuka ndikukumana ndi zovuta zomwe sitimayembekezera kukumana nazo tsopano."

Zomwe zili munkhaniyi ndizolondola monga nthawi yolemba. Pomwe zosintha za coronavirus COVID-19 zikupitilizabe kusintha, ndizotheka kuti zina ndi zina zomwe zanenedwa m'nkhaniyi zasintha kuyambira pomwe zidasindikizidwa koyamba. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mumayang'anitsitsa pafupipafupi ndi zinthu monga CDC, WHO, ndi dipatimenti yazaumoyo yakwanuko kuti mumve zambiri zamtunduwu komanso malingaliro awo.

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