Kodi Muyenera Kuyamwitsa Nthawi Yaitali Bwanji?

Zamkati

• Kodi malangizo oyamwitsa ndi ati?
• Ubwino wake woyamwitsa ndi chiyani?
• Masiku oyamba
• Mwezi woyamba
• 3 mpaka 4 miyezi
• Miyezi 6
• Miyezi 9
• 1 chaka
• Kupitilira chaka
• Kudyetsa kwapadera komanso kuphatikiza
• Kodi pali zoopsa zokulitsa kuyamwitsa?
• Kusankha kuyamwa
• Momwe mungasiyire kuyamwa
• Kutenga

Kodi malangizo oyamwitsa ndi ati?

Pali zabwino zambiri zoyamwitsa ana ndi amayi, koma muyenera kuyamwa nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mupindule nawo? Ndipo kodi pali nthawi yomwe kuyamwitsa kungakhale kovulaza?

Onse (WHO) ndi American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) akuwonetsa kuti amayi padziko lonse lapansi amayamwitsa ana okha kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira ya moyo. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti palibe chakudya kapena chakumwa china kupatula mkaka wa m'mawere kwa theka la chaka choyamba cha moyo wa mwana. Amalimbikitsanso kuti kuyamwitsa kupitilira kwa chaka chimodzi, ndikuwonjezera zakudya zowonjezera kuyambira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Kuyamwitsa mkaka wa m'mawere sizingatheke kwa azimayi onse. Werengani kuti mudziwe momwe kuyamwitsa kwakanthawi kochepa, kapena kuphatikiza kuphatikiza kuyamwitsa ndi mkaka, kumathandizanso mwana.

Ubwino wake woyamwitsa ndi chiyani?

Pali zabwino zambiri pakuyamwitsa ngakhale mutasankha kuyamwa masiku ochepa. Nazi zina mwazikuluzikulu kutengera msinkhu wa mwana wanu.

Masiku oyamba

Akatswiri amalangiza kuti ana azikhala pafupi ndi amayi awo ndikuyamba kuyamwa atangotsala ola loyamba kubadwa. Ubwino wake panthawiyi umaphatikizapo kuyandikira kwa khungu ndi khungu kwa mwana komanso kulimbikitsa mkaka kwa mayi.

Poyamba, khanda limalandira chinthu chakuda, chachikasu chotchedwa colostrum. Colostrum ndiye gawo loyamba la mkaka wa m'mawere ndipo mumakhala michere yofunikira ndi ma antibodies a wakhanda. M'masiku otsatirawa, mkaka wa m'mawere umabwera kudzapereka zakudya zoyambirira, ndipo zitha kuthandizanso kuteteza mwana ku matenda.

Mwezi woyamba

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) imalongosola mkaka wa m'mawere ngati katemera woyamba wa mwana. Mkaka wa m'mawere umapereka ma antibodies oteteza kudzera mchaka choyamba cha moyo wa mwana. Ma antibodies awa amateteza ku:

• Kutsekula m'mimba
• khutu matenda
• matenda pachifuwa
• mavuto ena azaumoyo, monga mavuto am'mimba

Amayi amapeza phindu la mahomoni abwino, oxytocin ndi prolactin. Pamodzi, mahomoniwa atha kubweretsa chisangalalo kapena kukwaniritsidwa.

Azimayi omwe akuyamwitsa amathanso kubwerera kuchokera kubadwa mwachangu momwe unamwino umathandizira kuti chiberekero chibwerere kukula msanga msanga.

3 mpaka 4 miyezi

Pamene ana amalowa mwezi wachitatu wamoyo, mkaka wa m'mawere umapitilizabe kuthandizira kugaya chakudya. Imaperekanso chitetezo kwa ana ena ku ma allergen omwe amapezeka muzakudya ndi zowonjezera zina.

Kuyamwitsa kupitiriza kumathandiza amayi kuwotcha mafuta owonjezera 400 mpaka 500 patsiku, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino pambuyo pobereka.

Kuyamwitsa kungathandizenso mayi kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Ena akuwonetsa kuti kuyamwitsa kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, nyamakazi, komanso matenda amtima. Kafukufuku wowonjezereka amafunikira kuti mumvetsetse kulumikizana.

Miyezi 6

Ubwino woyamwitsa ukupitilirabe ngakhale ndikuwonjezera zakudya zapatebulo, zomwe madokotala amalimbikitsa pakatha miyezi 6. Mkaka wa m'mawere ungapitirize kupereka mphamvu ndi mapuloteni, komanso vitamini A, ayironi, ndi zakudya zina zofunika. Osati zokhazo, koma mkaka wa m'mawere ukupitilizabe kuteteza mwana kumatenda ndi matenda malinga ngati amudya.

Kwa amayi, kufika pachimake chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mawere ndi khansa zina, monga khansa yam'mimba, endometrial, ndi khansa ya m'mimba. M'malo mwake, malinga ndi lipoti lomwe linatulutsidwa ndi World Cancer Research Fund ndi American Institute for Cancer Research ku 2017, kwa miyezi isanu iliyonse yoyamwitsa, mayi amatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere ndi 2 peresenti.

Kuyamwitsa kokha kungaperekenso 98% yolera yolera m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira ngati msambo sunabwerere ndipo amayi akupitilizabe kudyetsa usiku. Inde, ngati mwana wina sali mu ndondomekoyi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yobwezeretsera, monga makondomu.

Miyezi 9

Malangizo odyetsa pakati pa miyezi 6 ndi 12 azaka zakubadwa akuphatikizapo kuyamwitsa pakufunika ndikupereka zakudya zina pakati pa 3 mpaka 5 patsiku. Munthawi imeneyi, mkaka wa m'mawere uyenera kuperekedwabe usanadye, ndipo zakudya zama tebulo zimawonedwa ngati zowonjezera.

Kupatula kuchepa kwakanthawi kotheka kwa khansa ya m'mawere, magwero sakuwona kuchepa kwakanthawi kwa chiopsezo cha matenda ena kwa amayi omwe amayamwitsa nthawi yopitilira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

1 chaka

Phindu lina la kuyamwitsa nthawi yayitali ndikupulumutsa ndalama. Mukuyenera kuti mupulumutse ndalama zambiri pa chilinganizo, chomwe chimatha kupitirira $ 800 kumapeto otsika mpaka $ 3,000 mchaka choyamba.

Ana omwe akuyamwitsa kwa chaka chimodzi amathanso kukhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu chamthupi ndipo sangakhale ndi vuto la kulankhula kapena ntchito ya orthodontic. Chifukwa chiyani? Chikhulupiriro ndichakuti zonse zomwe zimayamwa bere zimathandizira kukulitsa minofu mkamwa ndi mozungulira.

Kupitilira chaka

Kudyetsa malingaliro pachaka ndi kupitilira apo kumaphatikizapo kuyamwitsa pakufunika ndikupereka zakudya zina kasanu patsiku. Muthanso kuyambitsa mkaka wa ng'ombe panthawiyi ngati mukufuna kusiya kupereka mkaka wa m'mawere, kapena mukufuna cholowa m'malo cha mkaka wa m'mawere.

Kafukufuku wina wakale akuwonetsa kuti kuyamwitsa kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kupatsa ana malire pazokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa IQ komanso chitukuko. Komabe, zambiri zapeza kuti maubwino a IQ atha kukhala osakhalitsa.

Kudyetsa kwapadera komanso kuphatikiza

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe amayi amasankha kuwonjezera kudyetsa ndi mabotolo a mkaka wa m'mawere kapena njira zamalonda. Kuyamwitsa sikuyenera kukhala kopanda zonse kapena zopanda pake. Mwana wanu akhoza kupindulabe kulandira mkaka wa m'mawere.

Mukaphatikiza zakudya zina ndi mkaka wa m'mawere ndi zina ndi chilinganizo, zimatchedwa kudyetsa kuphatikiza. Ubwino wodyetsa kuphatikiza ndi monga:

• Kulumikizana pakhungu ndi mayi kuti mukhale ogwirizana
• Ubwino woyamwa pachifuwa pakukula pakamwa
• kukhudzana ndi ma antibodies omwe amathandiza pakuthana ndi matenda komanso kupewa matenda
• kupitiliza kupindulitsa amayi

Kudyetsa kombo kungakhale kothandiza makamaka kwa amayi omwe akugwira ntchito omwe safuna kupopa pantchito kapena mwina sangathe kupopa. Kumbukirani kuti makanda ena amatha "kusintha kusintha" ndikusamalira pafupipafupi akakhala limodzi ndi amayi.

Kodi pali zoopsa zokulitsa kuyamwitsa?

M'madera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi, zaka zakulera zapakati pazaka zapakati pa 2 mpaka 4. Ana ena amayamwitsidwa mpaka zaka 6 kapena 7 muzikhalidwe zina.

Palibe zoopsa zilizonse zodziwika zopitilira kuyamwa kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa chaka choyamba kapena ziwiri. Palibenso umboni wokakamira wosonyeza kuti kutalika kwa ubale wodyetsa kumapangitsa kuti kuyamwa kuyambe kovuta.

Kusankha kuyamwa

Kuyamwitsa kosalekeza ndi zakudya zowonjezera kufikira tsiku lobadwa lachiwiri la mwanayo kapena kupitirira apo. AAP ikuwonetsa kupitiriza kuyamwitsa pamodzi ndi zakudya mpaka tsiku loyamba lobadwa la mwanayo, kapena kupitirira apo monga momwe mayi ndi mwana amafunira.

Zizindikiro zina mwana wanu akhoza kukhala wokonzeka kuyamwa ndizo:

• kukhala woposa chaka chimodzi
• kupeza zakudya zambiri kuchokera ku zakudya zolimba
• kumwa bwino chikho
• pang'onopang'ono kudula unamwino magawo mosadodometsedwa
• kukana magawo aunamwino

Izi zati, chisankho cha nthawi yosiya kuyamwa ndichamwini. Ngati mwakonzeka kuyamwa mwana wanu asanafike pa zochitika zazikuluzi, musadandaule. Mukuchita ntchito yodabwitsa ngakhale mupitilize kudyetsa mwana wanu.

Momwe mungasiyire kuyamwa

Kuletsa kuyamwa kumayamba ndikudziwitsa mwana za zakudya zapatebulo, kotero kuti mwina mutha kale kukhala osazindikira. Kutaya mwakhama chakudya cha mkaka wa m'mawere ndi gawo lotsatira pakudya mukamaliza kudya.

Malangizo ena:

• Chepetsani kutsutsana ndi kuzizira kozizira kuti zikuthandizireni kuti muchepetse popanda zovuta za engorgement. Yesani kusiya chakudya chimodzi kamodzi kapena milungu iwiri, mwachitsanzo.
• Yambani posiya chakudya chamadzulo. Kudyetsa koyamba komanso komaliza patsikuli kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuyimitsa khanda komanso chifukwa cha engorgement.
• Sinthani chizolowezi chanu pakudya nthawi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, pewani kukhala m'malo ozolowera anamwino.
• Amapereka mkaka wa m'mawere mu chikho kapena botolo. Mwana wanu adzapezabe zabwino za mkaka wa m'mawere, kuchokera kwina.
• Pewani kusapeza poyika mafuta oziziritsa kapena masamba a kabichi m'mawere anu.

Ngati mukumva kukana kapena ngati mwana wanu akufuna kuyamwitsa, ayamwitseni. Njirayi mwina siyofanana, ndipo mutha kuyesanso mawa. Pakadali pano, gwirani ntchito zododometsa ndi chakudya, zoseweretsa, kapena nyama zolowetsedwa, ndi zina. Ndipo onetsetsani kuti mumapereka pafupi kwambiri ndi mwana wanu panthawi yakusinthaku.

Kutenga

Pamapeto pake, ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji yoyamwitsa ndi kwa inu ndi mwana wanu. Pali zabwino ngati mungayamwitse masiku ochepa, ndipo ena omwe apitilira zaka kwa mayi ndi mwana. Inu ndi mwana wanu mungapindulenso ndi kudyetsa pamodzi, kapena kuwonjezera mkaka wa m'mawere ndi zakudya zina, monga chilinganizo kapena zolimba.

Dzikhulupirireni nokha ndipo yesetsani kuyesetsa kuti musadandaule zomwe ena angaganize pazosankha zanu. Ngati mukufuna thandizo pankhani zodyetsa kapena mafunso ena, lingalirani zofikira dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wazakudya m'dera lanu.