Momwe Mungachepetse Potazi Anu

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Mankhwala ovuta a hyperkalemia
• Matenda a hyperkalemia
• Mitundu ya mankhwala
• Okodzetsa
• Omanga potaziyamu
• Kusintha mankhwala
• Kusintha kwa zakudya
• Tengera kwina

Chidule

Hyperkalemia amatanthauza kuti potaziyamu m'magazi anu ndi okwera kwambiri.

Potaziyamu wochuluka amapezeka nthawi zambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso (CKD). Izi ndichifukwa choti impso ndizoyenera kuchotsa potaziyamu owonjezera ndi ma electrolyte ena ngati mchere.

Zina mwazovuta za hyperkalemia ndi monga:

• kagayidwe kachakudya acidosis
• kupwetekedwa mtima
• mankhwala ena

Hyperkalemia nthawi zambiri ilibe zisonyezo.

Kuti mudziwe potaziyamu wanu, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzayitanitsa kuyesa magazi. Malinga ndi National Kidney Foundation, potaziyamu wamagazi wokwera kuposa 5 mmol / L akuwonetsa hyperkalemia.

Hyperkalemia yosachiritsidwa imatha kuopseza moyo, zomwe zimayambitsa kugunda kwamtima mosalekeza komanso kulephera kwamtima.

Ndikofunika kutsatira upangiri wa omwe amakuthandizani paumoyo wanu ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse potaziyamu wanu.

Chithandizo chanu chidzadalira:

• hyperkalemia yanu ndi yoopsa
• zafulumira bwanji
• chikuchititsa chiyani

Nazi njira zingapo zomwe mungachepetse potaziyamu wamagazi.

Mankhwala ovuta a hyperkalemia

Pachimake hyperkalemia imayamba pakadutsa maola ochepa kapena tsiku. Ndi zoopsa zachipatala zomwe zimafuna chithandizo kuchipatala.

Kuchipatala, madokotala anu ndi anamwino adzayesa mayeso, kuphatikiza pulogalamu yamagetsi yowunika mtima wanu.

Chithandizo chanu chimadalira chifukwa komanso kuopsa kwa hyperkalemia yanu. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuchotsa potaziyamu m'magazi anu ndi potaziyamu binders, diuretics, kapena pamavuto akulu, dialysis.

Chithandizochi chikhoza kuphatikizanso kugwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kwa insulin, kuphatikiza glucose, albuterol, ndi sodium bicarbonate. Izi zimathandiza kusuntha potaziyamu m'magazi anu kupita m'maselo anu.

Ikhoza kuthandizanso kagayidwe kachakudya acidosis, vuto lina lofala lomwe limagwirizana ndi CKD, lomwe limachitika pakakhala asidi wambiri m'magazi anu.

Matenda a hyperkalemia

Matenda a hyperkalemia, omwe amapezeka pakatha milungu ingapo kapena miyezi, amatha kuyendetsedwa kunja kwa chipatala.

Kuchiza matenda a hyperkalemia nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kusintha kwa zakudya zanu, kusintha kwa mankhwala anu, kapena kuyamba mankhwala monga potaziyamu binders.

Inu ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu mudzayang'ananso mosamala kuchuluka kwanu kwa potaziyamu.

Mitundu ya mankhwala

Ma diuretics ndi potaziyamu binders ndi mitundu iwiri yodziwika ya mankhwala omwe amatha kuchiza hyperkalemia.

Okodzetsa

Ma diuretics amachulukitsa kutuluka kwa madzi, sodium, ndi ma electrolyte ena monga potaziyamu kutuluka mthupi. Ndiwo gawo lodziwika bwino la mankhwala a hyperkalemia ovuta komanso osachiritsika. Odzetsa amatha kuchepetsa kutupa komanso kutsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, koma amathanso kuyambitsa kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi komanso zovuta zina.

Omanga potaziyamu

Omanga potaziyamu amagwira ntchito yothana ndi hyperkalemia powonjezera kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu womwe thupi lanu limatuluka kudzera m'matumbo.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya potaziyamu binders yomwe dokotala angakupatseni, monga:

• sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS)
• calcium polystyrene sulfonate (CPS)
• woyang'anira (Veltassa)
• sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma)

Patiromer ndi sodium zirconium cyclosilicate ndi mankhwala awiri atsopano a hyperkalemia. Zonsezi zitha kukhala zothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtima kapena matenda ashuga, chifukwa amathandizira kupitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena omwe angayambitse hyperkalemia.

Kusintha mankhwala

Mankhwala ena nthawi zina amatha kuyambitsa matenda a hyperkalemia. Mankhwala othamanga magazi omwe amadziwika kuti renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors nthawi zina amatha kukhala ndi potaziyamu wambiri.

Mankhwala ena omwe amapezeka ndi hyperkalemia ndi awa:

• mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs)
• beta-blockers a kuthamanga kwa magazi
• heparin, wochepetsetsa magazi
• calcineurin inhibitors a immunosuppressive therapy

Kutenga zowonjezera potaziyamu kumathanso kutulutsa potaziyamu wambiri.

Ndikofunika kuti mulankhule ndi omwe akukuthandizani zaumoyo za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mungamwe kuti muthandize kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

Izi ziwathandizanso kuti apange malingaliro oyenera kutsitsa potaziyamu wanu.

Ngati hyperkalemia yanu imayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala omwe mumamwa pakadali pano, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu angakulimbikitseni kusintha kapena kusiya mankhwalawo.

Kapenanso, angakulimbikitseni zosintha zina pazakudya zanu kapena momwe mumaphikira. Ngati kusintha kwa zakudya sikuthandiza, amatha kupereka mankhwala a hyperkalemia, monga potaziyamu binders.

Kusintha kwa zakudya

Thandizo lanu laumoyo lingakulimbikitseni zakudya zochepa za potaziyamu kuti muchepetse vuto lanu la hyperkalemia.

Pali njira ziwiri zosavuta kutsitsira potaziyamu womwe mumadya, omwe ndi:

• kupewa kapena kuchepetsa zakudya zina za potaziyamu
• kuwiritsa zakudya zina musanadye

Zakudya za potaziyamu zochepetsera kapena kupewa ndi monga:

• muzu zamasamba monga beets ndi masamba a beet, taro, parsnips, ndi mbatata, zilazi, ndi mbatata (pokhapokha zitaphika)
• nthochi ndi mapulani
• sipinachi
• peyala
• prunes ndi prune madzi
• zoumba
• masiku
• tomato wouma dzuwa kapena wopanda msuzi, kapena phwetekere
• nyemba (monga nyemba za adzuki, nyemba za impso, nsawawa, soya, ndi zina zambiri)
• nthambi
• tchipisi cha mbatata
• tchipisi cha batala
• chokoleti
• mtedza
• yogati
• m'malo mwa mchere

Zakumwa za potaziyamu zochepetsera kapena kupewa zimaphatikizapo:

• khofi
• zipatso kapena msuzi wa masamba (makamaka zipatso za zipatso ndi timadziti ta karoti)
• vinyo
• mowa
• cider
• mkaka

Kuwotcha zakudya zina kumatha kutsitsa potaziyamu wokwanira.

Mwachitsanzo, mbatata, zilazi, mbatata, ndi sipinachi zimatha kuwira kapena kuwira pang'ono ndikutsanulidwa. Kenako, mutha kukonzekera momwe mungakhalire mwachangu, kuwotcha, kapena kuphika.

Zakudya zophika zimachotsa potaziyamu wina. Komabe, pewani kumwa madzi omwe mwaphikirako chakudya, momwe potaziyamu idzatsalira.

Dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wazakudya angakulimbikitseni kuti mupewe cholowa m'malo amchere, omwe amapangidwa ndi potaziyamu mankhwala enaake. Izi zitha kukulitsanso potaziyamu wamagazi anu.

Tengera kwina

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzagwira nanu ntchito kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera kuti muchepetse matenda anu opatsirana kapena kukuthandizani kupewa chochitika chovuta.

Kusintha mankhwala anu, kuyesa mankhwala atsopano, kapena kutsatira zakudya zochepa za potaziyamu kungathandize.