Mtundu wa 2 shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi: Kulumikizana ndi chiyani?

Zamkati

• Kodi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala liti?
• Zowopsa za kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda ashuga
• Mimba
• Kupewa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda ashuga
• Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
  
• Kuchiza kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda ashuga

Chidule

Kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi vuto lomwe limawoneka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2. Sizikudziwika chifukwa chake pali ubale wofunika kwambiri pakati pa matenda awiriwa. Amakhulupirira kuti zotsatirazi zimathandizira kuzinthu zonsezi:

• kunenepa kwambiri
• chakudya chokhala ndi mafuta ambiri ndi sodium
• kutupa kosatha
• kusagwira ntchito

Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatchedwa "wakupha mwakachetechete" chifukwa nthawi zambiri sikumakhala ndi zidziwitso zoonekeratu ndipo anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti ali nako. Kafukufuku wa 2013 ndi American Diabetes Association (ADA) adapeza kuti ochepera theka la anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda amtima kapena matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 akuti akukambirana za zotsalira, kuphatikiza kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi omwe amawasamalira.

Kodi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala liti?

Ngati muli ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, zikutanthauza kuti magazi anu akupopa mumtima mwanu komanso mumitsempha yamagazi ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo. Popita nthawi, kuthamanga magazi nthawi zonse kumalepheretsa minofu ya mtima ndipo imatha kukulitsa. Mu 2008, 67 peresenti ya achikulire aku America azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi kupitilira omwe adadziwika kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga anali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kunali kwakukulu kuposa mamilimita 140/90 a mercury (mm Hg).

Kwa anthu wamba komanso mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kuwerengetsa magazi kosachepera 120/80 mm Hg kumawerengedwa kuti ndi kwachilendo.

Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Nambala yoyamba (120) imatchedwa systolic pressure. Zimasonyeza kupanikizika kwakukulu komwe kumachitika pamene magazi amadutsa mumtima mwanu. Nambala yachiwiri (80) imatchedwa kupanikizika kwa diastolic. Izi ndizopanikiza komwe mitsempha imasunthika pamene ziwiyazo zimamasuka pakati pa kugunda kwamtima.

Malinga ndi American Heart Association (AHA), anthu athanzi azaka zopitilira 20 omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kotsika kuposa 120/80 ayenera kuyezetsa magazi awo kamodzi zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala tcheru kwambiri.

Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, dokotala wanu amatha kuwona kuthamanga kwa magazi kwanu kanayi pachaka. Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi, ADA ikukulimbikitsani kuti muziyang'anira nokha kunyumba, lembani zomwe mwawerenga, ndikugawana ndi dokotala wanu.

Zowopsa za kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda ashuga

Malinga ndi ADA, kuphatikiza kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga ndikowopsa kwambiri ndipo kumatha kubweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu chodwala matenda a mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima. Kukhala ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakulitsanso mwayi woti mukhale ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi matenda ashuga, monga matenda a impso ndi retinopathy. Matenda a shuga angayambitse khungu.

Palinso umboni wofunikira wosonyeza kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kosatha kumatha kufulumira kubwera kwa mavuto ndikutha kuganiza zomwe zimakhudzana ndi ukalamba, monga matenda a Alzheimer's and dementia. Malingana ndi AHA, mitsempha ya magazi mu ubongo imatha kuwonongeka chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha stroke ndi dementia.

Matenda a shuga osalamulirika siokhayo omwe amakulitsa chiopsezo cha kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kumbukirani, mwayi wanu wodwala matenda a mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima ukuwonjezeka kwambiri ngati muli ndi zifukwa zingapo zotsatirazi:

• mbiri yabanja yamatenda amtima
• mafuta ambiri, zakudya zamchere
• kukhala pansi
• cholesterol yambiri
• ukalamba
• kunenepa kwambiri
• chizolowezi chosuta
• mowa kwambiri
• matenda osachiritsika monga matenda a impso, matenda ashuga, kapena kugona tulo

Mimba

An wasonyeza kuti amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi vuto loyambitsa matendawa amakhala ndi vuto lothamanga magazi. Komabe, azimayi omwe amasamalira shuga m'magazi ali ndi pakati sangakhale ndi vuto lothana ndi magazi.

Mukakhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi yapakati, dokotala wanu amayang'anira kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni anu mkodzo. Mapuloteni apamwamba mkodzo atha kukhala chizindikiro cha preeclampsia. Ichi ndi mtundu wa kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kumachitika panthawi yapakati. Zolemba zina m'magazi zingathenso kuwunikira. Zizindikirozi ndi monga:

• michere yachilendo ya chiwindi
• nthenda ya impso
• kuchuluka kwa mapiritsi

Kupewa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda ashuga

Pali zosintha zambiri pamoyo zomwe zingachepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi. Pafupifupi onse amadya, koma kuchita zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse kumalimbikitsidwanso. Madokotala ambiri amalangiza kuyenda mwachangu kwa mphindi 30 mpaka 40 tsiku lililonse, koma chilichonse chomwe chingapangitse kuti moyo wanu ukhale wathanzi.

AHA imalimbikitsa osachepera awa:

• Mphindi 150 pa sabata yochita zolimbitsa thupi pang'ono
• Mphindi 75 pa sabata zolimbitsa thupi zolimba
• kuphatikiza zochitika zolimbitsa thupi komanso zolimba sabata iliyonse

Kuphatikiza pa kutsitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumatha kulimbitsa minofu yamtima. Zingathenso kuchepetsa kuuma kwa magazi. Izi zimachitika anthu akamakalamba, koma nthawi zambiri amafulumira ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso kuti muzitha kuyang'anira bwino magazi anu.

Gwiritsani ntchito mwachindunji ndi dokotala kuti mupange dongosolo lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati:

• sanachite masewera olimbitsa thupi kale
• akuyesera kugwira ntchito yovuta kwambiri
• mukuvutika kukwaniritsa zolinga zanu

Yambani kuyenda mphindi zisanu tsiku lililonse ndikuwonjezera pakapita nthawi. Kweretsani masitepe m'malo mwa chikepe, kapena muyimike galimoto lanu kutali ndi khomo la sitolo.

Mutha kudziwa kufunika kodyera bwino, monga kuchepetsa shuga pazakudya zanu. Koma kudya wathanzi kumatanthauzanso kuchepetsa:

• mchere
• nyama zonenepa kwambiri
• mkaka wamafuta onse

Malinga ndi ADA, pali njira zambiri zodyera anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Zosankha zathanzi zomwe zitha kusungidwa kwa moyo wonse ndizopambana kwambiri. Zakudya za DASH (Zakudya Zoyimira Kutaya Matenda Oopsa) ndi njira imodzi yazakudya yomwe yapangidwa kuti ichepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi. Yesani maupangiri odzozedwa ndi DASH kuti musinthe zakudya zaku America:

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

• Lembani masamba angapo patsiku lonse.
• Pitani ku mkaka wopanda mafuta ambiri.
• Chepetsani zakudya zomwe zakonzedwa. Onetsetsani kuti ali ndi zosakwana 140 milligrams (mg) ya sodium potumizira kapena 400-600 mg potumikira chakudya.
• Chepetsani mchere wa patebulo.
• Sankhani nyama zowonda, nsomba, kapena nyama m'malo mwake.
• Kuphika pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa mafuta monga kuphika, kuphika ndi kuphika.
• Pewani zakudya zokazinga.
• Idyani zipatso.
• Idyani zakudya zathunthu, zosasinthidwa.
• Pitani ku mpunga wofiirira ndi pastas yambewu yonse ndi buledi.
• Idyani chakudya chochepa.
• Pitani ku mbale yodyera ya inchi 9.

Kuchiza kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda ashuga

Ngakhale anthu ena amatha kusintha mtundu wawo wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikusintha kwamachitidwe, ambiri amafunikira mankhwala. Kutengera ndi thanzi lawo lonse, anthu ena angafunike mankhwala opitilira umodzi kuti athandize kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mankhwala ambiri othamanga magazi amagwera m'modzi mwamagawo awa:

• angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) zoletsa
• angiotensin II receptor blockers (ma ARB)
• otchinga beta
• zotseka za calcium
• okodzetsa

Mankhwala ena amatulutsa zovuta zina, chifukwa chake samalani momwe mumamvera. Onetsetsani kuti mukukambirana mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe mumamwa ndi dokotala wanu.