Kodi Acute Myocardial Infarction, Zizindikiro, Zoyambitsa ndi Chithandizo ndi chiyani

Zamkati

• Zomwe zimayambitsa AMI
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Kuzindikira kwa Acute Myocardial Infarction
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti infarction kapena matenda amtima, imafanana ndi kusokonekera kwamwazi mpaka pamtima, komwe kumayambitsa kufa kwamaselo amtima komanso kumayambitsa zizindikilo monga kupweteka pachifuwa komwe kumatha kutuluka m'manja.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha infarction ndikudzaza mafuta mkati mwa zotengera, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha zizolowezi zosayenera, ndikudya mafuta ambiri ndi cholesterol komanso zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zochepa, kuwonjezera pa kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso majini.

Matendawa amapangidwa ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala kudzera pamayeso athupi, zamankhwala ndi labotale ndipo chithandizocho chimachitika ndi cholinga chotsegula mtsempha wamagazi ndikusintha magazi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa AMI

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha infarction ya myocardial infarction ndi atherosclerosis, yomwe imafanana ndi kudzikundikira kwamafuta mkati mwamitsempha yamagazi, ngati mawonekedwe a zikwangwani, zomwe zingalepheretse magazi kupita pamtima, motero, zimayambitsa infarction. Kuphatikiza pa atherosclerosis, pachimake m'mnyewa wamtima infarction zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha ma non-atherosclerotic coronary matenda, kusintha kobadwa nako komanso kusintha kwa hematological, mwachitsanzo. Dziwani zambiri pazomwe zingayambitse matenda amtima.

Zinthu zina zimatha kuwonjezera mwayi wamatenda amtima, monga:

• Kunenepa kwambiri, kusuta, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kudya mafuta ambiri ndi mafuta m'thupi komanso mafuta ochepa, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, izi zimatchedwa zoopsa zomwe zimatha kusinthidwa ndi moyo;
• Zaka, mtundu, jenda yamwamuna ndi chibadwa, zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti sizingasinthe;
• Dyslipidemia ndi matenda oopsa, zomwe ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kusinthidwa ndi mankhwala, ndiye kuti, zingathetsedwe pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Pofuna kupewa matenda a mtima, ndikofunikira kuti munthuyo akhale ndi zizolowezi zabwino pamoyo wake, monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kudya moyenera. Nazi zomwe mungadye kuti muchepetse cholesterol.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha infarction yaminyewa yam'mimba ndi kupweteka kovutikira mumtima, kumanzere kwa chifuwa, komwe kumatha kukhala kapena kosagwirizana ndi zizindikilo zina, monga:

• Chizungulire;
• Malaise;
• Kumva kudwala;
• Thukuta lozizira;
• Zovuta;
• Kumva kulemera kapena kutentha m'mimba;
• Kumva kukhazikika pakhosi;
• Ululu wamakhwapa kapena wamanja.

Zizindikiro zoyamba zikangowonekera, ndikofunikira kuyimbira SAMU chifukwa infarction itha kubweretsa kutaya chidziwitso, popeza magazi amachepa muubongo. Phunzirani momwe mungadziwire matenda a mtima.

Mukawona kudwala kwa mtima osazindikira, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungapangire kutikita minofu ya mtima podikirira SAMU kuti ifike, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa mwayi wamunthu kupulumuka. Phunzirani momwe mungapangire kutikita minofu ya mtima mu kanemayu:

Kuzindikira kwa Acute Myocardial Infarction

Kuzindikira kwa AMI kumachitika kudzera pakuwunika kwakuthupi, komwe katswiri wamatenda amafufuza zonse zomwe wodwalayo amafotokoza, kuphatikiza pa electrocardiogram, yomwe ndi njira imodzi yodziwira matenda a infarction. Electrococardiogram, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti ECG, ndi mayeso omwe amayesa kuwunika momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito pamtima, kupangitsa kuti athe kuwona kugunda kwa mtima komanso pafupipafupi. Mvetsetsani zomwe ECG ndi momwe zimachitikira.

Kuti azindikire infarction, adokotala amathanso kuyitanitsa mayeso a labotale kuti azindikire kupezeka kwa zolembera zamankhwala am'magazi omwe ali ndi vuto lowonjezeka munthawi ya infarction. Malembo omwe amafunsidwa ndi awa:

• CK-MB, yomwe ndi puloteni yomwe imapezeka muminyewa yamtima ndipo ndende yake m'magazi imawonjezera maola 4 mpaka 8 pambuyo pobwezeretsa ndikubwerera mwakale pambuyo pa maola 48 mpaka 72;
• Myogulobini, yomwe imapezekanso mumtima, koma imakhala ndi ndende yochulukirapo ola limodzi kuchokera pamene infarction imabwerera ndikubwerera mulingo woyenera pambuyo pa maola 24 - Dziwani zambiri za mayeso a myoglobin;
• Troponin, yomwe ndi chizindikiritso chodziwika bwino kwambiri, ikuchulukitsa maola 4 mpaka 8 pambuyo pa infarction ndikubwerera kumtunda patatha masiku khumi - Mvetsetsani chomwe mayeso a troponin amayambira.

Kupyolera mu zotsatira za mayeso a mtima, katswiri wamatenda amatha kudziwa nthawi yomwe infarction idachitika chifukwa chazolemba m'mwazi.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo choyambirira cha infarction yoopsa ya myocardial chimachitika potsekula chotengeracho kudzera pa angioplasty kapena kudzera mu opaleshoni yotchedwa bypass, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti kulambalala.kulambalala mtima kapena myocardial revascularization.

Kuphatikiza apo, wodwalayo amafunika kumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa mapangidwe kapena kupangitsa magazi kukhala ochepa thupi, kuti athe kuyendetsa chotengera, monga Acetyl Salicylic Acid (AAS), mwachitsanzo. Dziwani zambiri za chithandizo cha matenda a mtima.