Matenda a TB

Zamkati

• Chithunzi cha TB cha Miliary
• Zimayambitsa TB miliary
• Zowopsa za TB ya miliary
• Zizindikiro za TB ya miliary
• Kuzindikira kwa TB ya miliary
• Chithandizo cha TB miliary
• Maantibayotiki
• Steroids
• Opaleshoni
• Maonekedwe a TB ya miliary

Chidule

TB (TB) ndimatenda akulu omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza mapapu anu okha, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa TB ya m'mapapo. Komabe, nthawi zina mabakiteriya amalowa m'magazi anu, amafalikira mthupi lanu lonse, ndikukula chimodzi kapena zingapo. Izi zimatchedwa miliary TB, mtundu wofalikira wa chifuwa chachikulu.

Miliary TB adadziwika ndi dzina loti mu 1700 kuchokera kwa a John Jacob Manget atafufuza zomwe zidachitika atadwala. Matupiwo amakhala ndimadontho ochepa kwambiri ofanana ndi nthanga mazana mazana ang'onoang'ono pafupifupi 2 millimeter ataliatali m'matumba osiyanasiyana. Popeza mbewu ya mapira imakula motere, vutoli lidayamba kudziwika kuti TB ya miliary. Ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri, owopsa.

Vutoli limapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chokwanira. Ndizofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe chitetezo chamthupi chawo sichikugwira ntchito bwino. Izi zimatchedwa kukhala osadzitchinjiriza.

Nthawi zambiri mapapu, mafupa, ndi chiwindi zimakhudzidwa ndi TB ya miliary, koma imafalikiranso mpaka pamtima, msana ndi ubongo, komanso ziwalo zina za thupi lanu. Malinga ndi a, kulumikizana kwaubongo kumatenga kachilombo mwa 25 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi TB ya miliary. Ndikofunika kuyang'ana izi chifukwa zimafuna chithandizo chotalikirapo.

Chithunzi cha TB cha Miliary

Zimayambitsa TB miliary

TB imayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa Mycobacterium chifuwa chachikulu. Imafalikira ndipo imafalikira munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a TB m'mapapu ake atulutsa mabakiteriya mumlengalenga pokosola kapena kuyetsemula, ndipo wina amauzira. Itha kukhalabe yoyenda kwa maola ochepa.

Mukakhala ndi mabakiteriya mthupi lanu koma chitetezo chamthupi chanu chili ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti mumenyane nawo, amatchedwa TB Yobisika. Ndi TB yobisika, mulibe zizindikilo ndipo simupatsirana. Ngati chitetezo chanu chamthupi chitasiya kugwira ntchito moyenera, TB yobisika imatha kukhala TB yogwira ntchito. Mudzakhala ndi zizindikiro ndikupatsirana.

Zowopsa za TB ya miliary

, TB ya miliary imawonekera makamaka mwa makanda ndi ana. Tsopano amapezeka kwambiri mwa akulu. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusadzimva mosavomerezeka kumakhala kofala kwambiri masiku ano.

Chilichonse chomwe chimafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chimakulitsa chiopsezo chanu chotenga mtundu uliwonse wa TB. TB ya Miliary imachitika kokha ngati chitetezo cha mthupi lanu ndi chofooka kwambiri. Zinthu ndi njira zomwe zitha kufooketsa chitetezo chamthupi chanu ndi monga:

• HIV ndi Edzi
• uchidakwa
• kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi
• matenda a impso
• matenda ashuga
• khansa m'mapapu anu, khosi, kapena mutu
• kukhala ndi pakati kapena kubereka kumene posachedwapa
• dialysis yayitali

Omwe amamwa mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito posintha kapena kukana chitetezo cha mthupi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha TB ya miliary. Chofala kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito corticosteroid kwa nthawi yayitali, koma mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito chiwalo chothandizira kapena kuchiza matenda am'thupi ndi khansa amathanso kufooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha TB ya miliary.

Zizindikiro za TB ya miliary

Zizindikiro za TB ya miliary ndizofala kwambiri. Zitha kuphatikiza:

• malungo omwe amatha milungu ingapo ndipo amatha kukhala oyipa kwambiri madzulo
• kuzizira
• chifuwa chowuma chomwe nthawi zina chimakhala chamagazi
• kutopa
• kufooka
• mpweya wochepa womwe umawonjezeka ndi nthawi
• kusowa chakudya
• kuonda
• thukuta usiku
• osangomva bwino konse

Ngati ziwalo zina kupatula mapapu anu zili ndi kachilomboka, ziwalozi zimatha kusiya kugwira ntchito moyenera. Izi zimatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zina, monga kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira ngati mafupa anu amakhudzidwa kapena zotupa ngati khungu lanu likukhudzidwa.

Kuzindikira kwa TB ya miliary

Zizindikiro za TB ya miliary ndizofanana ndi zomwe zili m'matenda ambiri, ndipo mabakiteriya amatha kukhala ovuta kupeza magazi anu, madzi ena, kapena minofu yanu akamayang'aniridwa ndi microscope. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti dokotala wanu azindikire ndikusiyanitsa ndi zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda anu. Mayeso angapo osiyanasiyana angafunike kuti dokotala wanu apeze matendawa.

Kuyezetsa khungu la tuberculin kotchedwa PPD kuyesa kumawonetsa ngati mwakhalapo ndi mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa TB. Kuyezaku sikungakuuzeni ngati muli ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda; zimangowonetsa ngati mwalandira kachilomboka nthawi ina. Mukakhala kuti mulibe chitetezo chamthupi, mayesowa atha kuwonetsa kuti mulibe matenda ngakhale mutakhala nawo.

Dokotala wanu adzaitanitsa X-ray pachifuwa ngati khungu lanu likuyesa bwino kapena ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe zikusonyeza TB. Mosiyana ndi TB yomwe imawoneka ngati matenda ena, mapira a X-ray pachifuwa ndi mawonekedwe a TB ya miliary. Chitsanzocho chikuwoneka, ndikosavuta kupanga matendawa, koma nthawi zina sichimawoneka mpaka mutakhala ndi matendawa komanso zizindikilo kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mayesero ena omwe dokotala angalamule kuti atsimikizire kuti TB ya miliary ndi iyi ndi iyi:

• CT scan, yomwe imapereka chithunzi chabwino cha mapapu anu
• zitsanzo za sputum kuyang'ana mabakiteriya pansi pa microscope
• kuyesa magazi komwe kumatha kuzindikira kukhudzana ndi mabakiteriya
• bronchoscopy momwe kamera yopyapyala, yoyaka imayikidwa kudzera mkamwa kapena m'mphuno mwanu m'mapapu anu kuti dokotala wanu athe kuyang'ana madera osazolowereka ndikupeza zitsanzo zowonera pansi pa maikulosikopu

Popeza TB ya miliary imakhudza ziwalo m'thupi lanu kupatula mapapu anu, dokotala wanu angafune mayeso ena kutengera komwe akuganiza kuti matendawa ndi:

• Kujambula kwa CT kwa ziwalo zina za thupi lanu, makamaka pamimba panu
• MRI yowunika matenda muubongo kapena msana wanu
• echocardiogram kuyang'ana matenda ndi madzi mkatikati mwa mtima wanu
• chitsanzo cha mkodzo kuyang'ana mabakiteriya
• chifuwa chachikulu cha mafupa, kumene singano imayikidwa pakati pa fupa kuti atenge chitsanzo choyang'ana mabakiteriya pansi pa microscope
• biopsy, momwe chidutswa chaching'ono chimatengedwa kuchokera ku chiwalo chomwe chimaganiziridwa kuti chili ndi kachilombo ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi microscope kuti mupeze mabakiteriya
• kupopera msana ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti madzimadzi ozungulira msana wanu ndi ubongo ali ndi kachilombo
• njira yomwe singano imalowetsedwa mumadzimadzi ozungulira mapapu anu kuti ayang'ane mabakiteriya

Chithandizo cha TB miliary

Chithandizo chimafanana ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha TB ndipo chitha kukhala ndi:

Maantibayotiki

Muchiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki angapo kwa miyezi 6 mpaka 9. Mabakiteriya akadzakula mchikhalidwe (chomwe chimatenga nthawi yayitali), labu imayesa kuti aone ngati maantibayotiki omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse amapha mabakiteriya omwe muli nawo. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo sagwira ntchito, omwe amatchedwa kukana mankhwala. Izi zikachitika, maantibayotiki adzasinthidwa kukhala ena omwe amagwira ntchito.

Ngati kulumikizana kwa ubongo wanu kuli ndi kachilombo, mufunika chithandizo cha miyezi 9 mpaka 12.

Maantibayotiki wamba ndi awa:

• isoniazid
• ethambutol
• alireza
• rifampin

Steroids

Mutha kupatsidwa ma steroids ngati gawo laubongo kapena mtima wanu lili ndi kachilomboka.

Opaleshoni

Nthawi zambiri, mutha kukhala ndi zovuta, monga chotupa, zomwe zimafuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni.

Maonekedwe a TB ya miliary

Miliary TB ndi matenda osowa koma opatsirana komanso owopsa. Kuchiza matendawa kumafuna zoposa mwezi umodzi maantibayotiki angapo. Ndikofunika kuti matendawa apezeke mwachangu komanso kuti mutenge maantibayotiki kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zimapereka zotsatira zabwino ndikuletsa mwayi wofalitsa kwa anthu ena. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za chifuwa chachikulu cha TB, kapena mukudziwa zakupezekaku kwa matendawa, pitani ku ofesi ya dokotala kuti mukakumane ndi nthawi posachedwa.