Matenda a m'mapapo: chomwe chiri, zoyambitsa zazikulu ndi mitundu

Zamkati

• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda am'mapapo
• Mitundu yayikulu yamatenda am'mapapo
• 1. Chibayo
• 2. Matenda
• 3. Bronchiolitis
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Matenda am'mapapo, omwe amatchedwanso kuti kupuma pang'ono, amapezeka ngati bowa, virus kapena mabakiteriya amatha kuchulukana m'mapapu, ndikupangitsa kutupa ndikupangitsa kuti zizindikilo zina monga malungo, chifuwa, phlegm komanso kupuma movutikira, mwachitsanzo. Kutengera tsamba lomwe lakhudzidwa m'mapapo ndi zizindikilo zake, matenda am'mapapo amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu ingapo, omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi chibayo, bronchitis ndi bronchiolitis.

Nthawi zonse pomwe pali kukayikira kuti matenda ali m'mapapu, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi pulmonologist, dokotala wamkulu, dokotala wa ana kapena kupita kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala, kuti akatsimikizire kuti ali ndi matendawa ndikuyambitsa chithandizo choyenera kwambiri, chomwe chingaphatikizepo gwiritsani ntchito maantibayotiki, kugona kuchipatala kapena kupumula pang'ono. Onani zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za matenda am'mapapo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda am'mapapo

Matenda am'mapapo amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi bowa, mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya omwe amatha kulowa mthupi kupumira m'madontho opumira omwe amatuluka mukatsokomola, kuyetsemula kapena kuyankhula kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa.

Mafangayi amapezeka mwachilengedwe mlengalenga ndipo nthawi zambiri amalakalaka m'thupi, komabe sizimayambitsa kuwonekera kwa zizindikilo ndikukula kwa matenda, chifukwa amatha kulimbana mosavuta ndi thupi lomwe. Komabe, chitetezo chamthupi chikakhala chofooka chifukwa chodwala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, pakhoza kukhala kukula kwa matenda opuma amayamba chifukwa cha bowa.

Matenda a m'mapapo amapezeka nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha mabakiteriya, monga Streptococcus pneumoniae ndipo Bordetella pertussis, ndi mitundu ina ya mavairasi, ndipo ndikofunikira kuzindikira chomwe chimayambitsa chithandizo choyenera.

Mitundu yayikulu yamatenda am'mapapo

Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu yamatenda m'mapapo, yomwe imatha kukhala ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana:

1. Chibayo

Chibayo chimachitika pakakhala kutupa kwa mapapo parenchyma, womwe ndi khoma lamapapo lomwe limayambitsa kusinthana kwa oxygen ndi kaboni dayokisaidi. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi mabakiteriya amtunduwu Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae ndi Mycoplasma pneumoniae, komanso ma virus, ngati chimfine.

Chibayo chikayamba, zizindikilo zowoneka bwino kwambiri ndi malungo opitilira 38ºC, kupuma mwachangu, kutsokomola, kupweteka pachifuwa ndi phlegm wobiriwira kapena wamagazi. Dziwani zambiri za chibayo ndi momwe mungachiritsire.

2. Matenda

Bronchitis ndikutupa kwa bronchi, komwe ndi njira zomwe zimalandira mpweya m'mapapu. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi chimfine, koma zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda omwe amabakiteriya amakhala Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae kapena Bordetella pertussis.

Mu bronchitis, malungo samakhalapo nthawi zonse ndipo phlegm imakhala yoyera kapena yachikasu. Zizindikiro zina zimaphatikizapo phokoso mukamapuma, kutsokomola nthawi zonse komanso kutopa. Onani zizindikiro zina za bronchitis.

3. Bronchiolitis

Bronchiolitis imafala kwambiri kwa ana ochepera zaka ziwiri, omwe amadziwika ndi kutukusira kwa ma bronchioles, omwe ndi njira zopapatiza kwambiri m'mapweya komanso amalandila mpweya kuchokera ku bronchi. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi ma virus, makamaka kupuma kwa syncytial virus.

Zizindikiro zomwe zingayambitse kukayikira kuti bronchiolitis imaphatikizapo kupuma popuma, kupuma mwachangu, kutsegula mphuno mukamapuma ndikuwonjezera kukwiya komanso kutopa. Onani momwe mungadziwire ndi kuchiritsira bronchiolitis.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Kuti mutsimikizire kupezeka kwa matenda am'mapapo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufunsane ndi pulmonologist kuti mupimidwe thupi, kuphatikiza mayeso omaliza, monga magazi ndi chifuwa X-ray, mwachitsanzo.

Pambuyo pakupanga matendawa, chithandizo chimayamba, koma ndikofunikira kuzindikira wothandizirayo wa matendawa kuti atenge njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira, ndipo izi zitha kuchitika ndikuwunika kwa sputum.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha matenda am'mapapo chimachitika ndi mankhwala omwe amachita molimbana ndi wothandizirayo, monga maantibayotiki, ma antifungals kapena ma antivirals, mwachitsanzo. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opweteka ndikuchepetsa malungo.

Kuti akwaniritse chithandizocho, adotolo amathanso kulangiza kupuma kwa thupi, komwe kumachita ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso zida zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimalola kutulutsa kwamapapu kutulutsa, kuziziritsa kuzizindikiro. Kuphatikiza apo, kudya bwino komanso kuthirira madzi madzi ndikofunikanso panthawi yopuma komanso pochiza matenda am'mapapo.

Pazovuta kwambiri, pomwe sipangakhale kusintha atayamba kulandira chithandizo, kapena ngati munthuyo ali ndi matenda omwe amadzichotsera okha omwe amapangitsa chitetezo chamthupi kukhala chofooka, pangafunike kulowetsedwa kuchipatala.