Matenda Opopa Matenda (IBD)

Zamkati

• Kodi mitundu yayikulu yamatenda otupa ndi iti?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda opatsirana?
• Chibadwa
• Chitetezo cha mthupi
• Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zingayambitse matenda opatsirana?
• Kusuta
• Mtundu
• Zaka
• Mbiri ya banja
• Kudera
• Jenda
• Kodi zizindikiro za matenda otupa amatumbo ndi ziti?
• Kodi ndizovuta ziti zamatenda otupa?
• Kodi matenda opatsirana amatupa bwanji?
• Choyesa chopondapo komanso kuyesa magazi
• Enema wa Barium
• Kusintha kwa sigmoidoscopy ndi colonoscopy
• Kapisozi endoscopy
• Kanema wamba kapena X-ray
• Computer tomography (CT) ndi kujambula kwa maginito (MRI)
• Kodi matenda opatsirana amachiritsidwa bwanji?
• Mankhwala
• Zosankha za moyo
• Zowonjezera
• Opaleshoni
• Kodi matenda amatumbo angapewe bwanji?

Timaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe timaganiza kuti ndizothandiza kwa owerenga athu. Ngati mutagula maulalo omwe ali patsamba lino, titha kupeza ndalama zochepa. Nayi njira yathu.

Chidule

Matenda otupa (IBD) amayimira gulu la zovuta zam'mimba zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa kwakanthawi kwam'mimba.

Magawo am'mimba amakhala ndi pakamwa, pammero, m'mimba, m'matumbo ang'ono, ndi m'matumbo akulu. Imagwira ntchito yoswa chakudya, kutulutsa michere, ndikuchotsa zinthu zilizonse zosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zinyalala.

Kutupa kulikonse pamagawo am'mimba kumasokoneza izi. IBD ikhoza kukhala yopweteka kwambiri komanso yosokoneza, ndipo nthawi zina imatha kupha moyo.

Phunzirani zonse za IBD, kuphatikiza mitundu, zomwe zimayambitsa, zovuta, ndi zina zambiri.

Kodi mitundu yayikulu yamatenda otupa ndi iti?

Matenda ambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi ambulera ya IBD iyi. Matenda awiri omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi ulcerative colitis ndi matenda a Crohn.

Matenda a Crohn amatha kuyambitsa kutupa m'mbali iliyonse yam'mimba. Komabe, zimakhudza kumapeto kwa mchira wa m'mimba.

Ulcerative colitis imaphatikizapo kutupa m'matumbo akulu.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda opatsirana?

Zomwe zimayambitsa IBD sizikudziwika. Komabe, chibadwa ndi mavuto omwe chitetezo chamthupi chimayenderana ndi IBD.

Chibadwa

Mutha kukhala ndi IBD ngati muli ndi m'bale kapena kholo lomwe lili ndi matendawa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake asayansi amakhulupirira kuti IBD ikhoza kukhala ndi chibadwa.

Chitetezo cha mthupi

Chitetezo cha mthupi chimathandizanso ku IBD.

Nthawi zambiri, chitetezo chamthupi chimateteza thupi ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa matenda ndi matenda). Matenda a bakiteriya kapena mavairasi am'mimba amatha kuyambitsa chitetezo chamthupi.

Thupi likamayesetsa kulimbana ndi omwe akubwerawo, gawo logaya chakudya limayamba kutupa. Matendawa akachoka, kutupa kumatha. Ndiko kuyankha kwabwino.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi IBD, kutupa kwam'mimba kumatha kuchitika ngakhale kulibe matenda. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimagunda maselo amthupi m'malo mwake. Izi zimadziwika ngati yankho lokhalokha.

IBD itha kuchitika pomwe kutupa sikumatha matendawa atachira. Kutupa kumatha kupitilira miyezi kapena zaka.

Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zingayambitse matenda opatsirana?

Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America (CCFA) akuti anthu mamiliyoni 1.6 ku United States ali ndi IBD.

Zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha matenda a Crohn ndi ulcerative colitis ndi izi:

Kusuta

Kusuta ndichimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Crohn.

Kusuta kumakulitsanso ululu ndi zisonyezo zina za matenda a Crohn komanso kumawonjezera ngozi. Komabe, ulcerative colitis imakhudza makamaka omwe samasuta komanso omwe amasuta kale.

Mtundu

IBD imapezeka mwa anthu onse. Komabe, mitundu ina monga Caucasus ndi Ashkenazi Ayuda ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Zaka

IBD ikhoza kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma nthawi zambiri, imayamba asanakwanitse zaka 35.

Mbiri ya banja

Anthu omwe ali ndi kholo, m'bale wawo, kapena mwana yemwe ali ndi IBD ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodzikulitsa okha.

Kudera

Anthu omwe amakhala m'matawuni ndi mayiko otukuka ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga IBD.

Omwe ali ndi ntchito yoyera yoyera nawonso atenga matendawa. Izi zitha kufotokozedwa pang'ono ndi zosankha za moyo ndi zakudya.

Anthu omwe amakhala m'maiko otukuka amakonda kudya mafuta ambiri komanso chakudya chamafuta. IBD imakhalanso yofala pakati pa anthu okhala kumadera akumpoto, komwe kumazizira nthawi zambiri.

Jenda

Kawirikawiri, IBD imakhudza amuna ndi akazi mofanana. Ulcerative colitis ndiofala kwambiri pakati pa amuna, pomwe matenda a Crohn amapezeka kwambiri mwa amayi.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda otupa amatumbo ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za IBD zimasiyanasiyana kutengera komwe kuli kutupa komanso kukula kwa kutupa, koma atha kukhala:

• kutsegula m'mimba, komwe kumachitika mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa m'matumbo sizingabwezeretsenso madzi
• zilonda zotuluka magazi, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa magazi kuti azioneka pampando (hematochezia)
• kupweteka m'mimba, kuphwanya, ndi kuphulika chifukwa chakubanika m'matumbo
• kuonda ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa kukula kapena kukula kwa ana

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Crohn amathanso kutenga zilonda zotupa pakamwa. Nthawi zina zilonda ndi ziboda zimawonekeranso mozungulira maliseche kapena kumatako.

IBD ingagwirizanenso ndi mavuto kunja kwa dongosolo lakumagaya, monga:

• kutupa kwa diso
• matenda a khungu
• nyamakazi

Kodi ndizovuta ziti zamatenda otupa?

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo a IBD ndi awa:

• kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi ndi kuchepa thupi
• khansa ya m'matumbo
• fistula, kapena zilonda zam'mimba zomwe zimadutsa pamatumbo, ndikupanga dzenje pakati pamagawo osiyanasiyana am'mimba
• Kutupa m'mimba, kapena kuphwanya
• kulepheretsa matumbo

Nthawi zambiri, IBD ikhoza kukupweteketsani mtima. Izi zitha kupha moyo. Mantha nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa chakutaya magazi munthawi yayitali, mwadzidzidzi ya kutsegula m'mimba.

Kodi matenda opatsirana amatupa bwanji?

Kuti mupeze IBD, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani mafunso koyamba za mbiri yazachipatala yabanja lanu komanso momwe mumayendera.

Kuyezetsa thupi kumatha kutsatiridwa ndi mayeso amodzi kapena angapo azidziwitso.

Choyesa chopondapo komanso kuyesa magazi

Mayeserowa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana matenda ndi matenda ena.

Mayeso amwazi amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusiyanitsa matenda a Crohn's ndi ulcerative colitis. Komabe, kuyezetsa magazi kokha sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira IBD.

Enema wa Barium

Enema ya barium ndi mayeso a X-ray m'matumbo ndi m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. M'mbuyomu, mayeso amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, koma tsopano mayeso ena asintha kwambiri.

Kusintha kwa sigmoidoscopy ndi colonoscopy

Njirazi zimagwiritsa ntchito kamera kumapeto kwa kafukufuku wowonda, wosinthika kuti ayang'ane koloni.

Kamera imayikidwa kudzera mu anus. Amalola dokotala wanu kuyang'ana zilonda zam'mimba, fistula, ndi zina zowononga m'matumbo ndi m'matumbo.

Colonoscopy imatha kuwona kutalika konse kwa m'matumbo akulu. Sigmoidoscopy imayang'ana mainchesi 20 okha omaliza amatumbo akulu - sigmoid colon.

Munthawi imeneyi, zitsanzo zazing'ono zamatumbo nthawi zina zimatengedwa. Izi zimatchedwa biopsy. Kuyesa biopsy iyi pansi pa microscope kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzindikira IBD.

Kapisozi endoscopy

Kuyesaku kumayang'ana matumbo ang'onoang'ono, omwe ndi ovuta kuwayeza kuposa matumbo akulu. Kuti muyesedwe, mumameza kapisozi kakang'ono kamene kali ndi kamera.

Mukamadutsa m'matumbo anu ang'onoang'ono, zimatenga zithunzi. Mukadutsa kamera mu mpando wanu, zithunzizi zimawoneka pakompyuta.

Kuyesaku kumangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mayeso ena alephera kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a Crohn.

Kanema wamba kapena X-ray

X-ray ya m'mimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwadzidzidzi pomwe kukayikira kwamatumbo kumakayikira.

Computer tomography (CT) ndi kujambula kwa maginito (MRI)

Makina a CT ali ndi ma X-ray apakompyuta. Amapanga chithunzi chatsatanetsatane kuposa X-ray wamba. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala othandiza pofufuza m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Amathanso kuzindikira zovuta za IBD.

Ma MRIs amagwiritsa ntchito maginito kuti apange zithunzi za thupi. Ndiotetezeka kuposa ma X-ray. Ma MRIs ndi othandiza makamaka pakuwunika minofu yofewa ndikuwona fistula.

Zithunzi zonse za MRIs ndi CT zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa momwe matumbo amakhudzidwira ndi IBD.

Kodi matenda opatsirana amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana a IBD.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala oletsa kutupa ndiye gawo loyamba la mankhwala a IBD. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kutupa kwam'mimba. Komabe, ali ndi zovuta zambiri.

Mankhwala odana ndi zotupa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku IBD amaphatikizapo mesalamine wokhazikika, sulfasalazine ndi zotulukapo zake, ndi corticosteroids.

Ma anti-suppressants (kapena ma immunomodulators) amateteza chitetezo cha mthupi kuthana ndi matumbo ndikupangitsa kutupa.

Gulu ili limaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amaletsa TNF. TNF ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimayambitsa kutupa. Kuchulukitsa kwa TNF m'magazi nthawi zambiri kumatsekedwa, koma kwa anthu omwe ali ndi IBD, kuchuluka kwa TNF kumatha kubweretsa kutupa.

Mankhwala ena, tofacitinib (Xeljanz), ndi njira yatsopano yomwe imagwira ntchito mwanjira yapadera yochepetsera kutupa.

Ma suppressants a chitetezo cha mthupi amatha kukhala ndi zovuta zambiri, kuphatikiza zotupa ndi matenda.

Maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse kapena kukulitsa zizindikilo za IBD.

Mankhwala oletsa kutsegula m'mimba ndi mankhwala otsegulitsa m'mimba amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a IBD.

Gulani mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba tsopano.

Zosankha za moyo

Zosankha za moyo ndizofunikira mukakhala ndi IBD.

Kumwa madzi ambiri kumathandiza kulipirira omwe atayika mu mpando wanu. Kupewa zopangidwa ndi mkaka komanso zovuta zimathandizanso kukulitsa zizindikilo.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kusiya kusuta kumatha kupititsa patsogolo thanzi lanu.

Zowonjezera

Vitamini ndi michere zowonjezera zimatha kuthandizira kuchepa kwa zakudya. Mwachitsanzo, zowonjezera mavitamini zimatha kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala musanawonjezere zowonjezera zowonjezera pazakudya zanu. Pezani zowonjezera zachitsulo pa intaneti.

Opaleshoni

Nthawi zina opaleshoni imatha kukhala yofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi IBD. Opaleshoni ina ya IBD ndi iyi:

• strictureplasty kuti mufutukule matumbo ochepa
• kutseka kapena kuchotsa fistula
• kuchotsa magawo okhudzidwa amatumbo, kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Crohn
• kuchotsedwa kwa kholoni ndi thumbo lonse, chifukwa cha zilonda zam'mimba

Nthawi zonse colonoscopy imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira khansa ya m'matumbo, popeza omwe ali ndi IBD ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa.

Kodi matenda amatumbo angapewe bwanji?

Zomwe zimayambitsa cholowa cha IBD sizingapewe. Komabe, mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi IBD kapena kupewa kubwereranso ndi:

• kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi
• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi
• kusiya kusuta

IBD imatha kuyambitsa mavuto, koma pali njira zomwe mungathetsere matendawa ndikukhalabe ndi moyo wathanzi.

Kungakhalenso kothandiza kulankhula ndi ena omwe akumvetsa zomwe mukukumana nazo. IBD Healthline ndi pulogalamu yaulere yomwe imakulumikizani ndi ena omwe amakhala ndi IBD kudzera pamauthenga a m'modzi ndi m'modzi ndikukambirana pagulu, komanso kupereka mwayi wokhudzana ndi ukadaulo woyang'anira IBD. Tsitsani pulogalamu ya iPhone kapena Android.

Pitani ku Crohn's & Colitis Foundation kuti mumve zambiri komanso zambiri za IBD, kuphatikiza matenda a Crohn ndi ulcerative colitis.