Kodi optic neuritis ndi momwe mungadziwire

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungadziwire
• Zomwe zimayambitsa
• Chithandizo cha optic neuritis

Optic neuritis, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti retrobulbar neuritis, ndikutupa kwa mitsempha yamagetsi yomwe imalepheretsa kufalitsa uthenga kuchokera m'diso kupita ku ubongo. Izi ndichifukwa choti mitsempha imataya myelin sheath, wosanjikiza womwe umayendetsa misempha ndipo umayambitsa kufalitsa kwa mitsempha.

Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa anthu azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 45, ndipo amawononga pang'ono, kapena nthawi zina, kutayika kwamaso. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza diso limodzi, ngakhale zimakhudzanso maso onse awiri, komanso zimatha kupweteketsa m'maso ndikusintha kuzindikira mtundu kapena kuzindikira.

Optic neuritis imawonekera makamaka ngati chiwonetsero cha multiple sclerosis, koma imathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi matenda amubongo, chotupa kapena kuledzera ndi zitsulo zolemera, monga lead, mwachitsanzo. Kuchira nthawi zambiri kumachitika zokha patangotha ​​milungu ingapo, komabe, dokotala wanu amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito corticosteroids kuti athandizire kuchira nthawi zina.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za optic neuritis ndi izi:

• Kutaya masomphenya, komwe kumatha kukhala pang'ono, koma pamavuto akulu kwambiri kumatha kukhala kwathunthu, ndi diso limodzi kapena onse awiri;
• Kupweteka kwa diso, komwe kumawonjezeka posuntha diso;
• Kutaya kutha kusiyanitsa mitundu.

Kutayika kwamasomphenya nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakanthawi, komabe, sequelae imatha kukhalabe, monga zovuta kuzindikira mitundu kapena kukhala ndi masomphenya osadziwika. Onani zizindikilo zina za zovuta zamasomphenya zomwe ndi zochenjeza.

Momwe mungadziwire

Matenda a optic neuritis amapangidwa ndi ophthalmologist, yemwe amatha kuyesa mayeso omwe amawunika masomphenya ndi mawonekedwe amaso monga masamu owonera, zowoneka zowoneka bwino, kusinkhasinkha kwa ophunzira kapena kuwunika kwa fundus, mwachitsanzo.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesa kwa MRI kungayitanitsidwe, komwe kumathandiza kuzindikira kusintha kwaubongo monga komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi sclerosis kapena chotupa chaubongo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa

Optic neuritis nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha:

• Multiple sclerosis, omwe ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa kutupa ndi kutayika kwa myelin sheath ya ma neuron aubongo. Onani kuti ndi chiyani komanso momwe mungadziwire multiple sclerosis;
• Matenda a ubongo, monga meningitis kapena virus encephalitis, yoyambitsidwa ndi ma virus monga nkhuku kapena herpes, kapena matenda a chifuwa chachikulu, mwachitsanzo;
• Chotupa chaubongo, yomwe imatha kupondereza mitsempha yamawonedwe;
• Matenda osokoneza bongo;
• Matenda a Manda, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa maso otchedwa Graves 'orbitopathy. Mvetsetsa momwe zimatulukira komanso momwe angachiritse matendawa;
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga maantibayotiki ena, kapena ndi zitsulo zolemera, monga lead, arsenic kapena methanol, mwachitsanzo.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha optic neuritis sichimadziwika, chotchedwa idiopathic optic neuritis.

Chithandizo cha optic neuritis

Nthawi zambiri, optic neuritis imakhala ndi chikhululukiro chodzidzimutsa, ndipo zizindikilo ndi zizindikilo zimawongolera popanda kufunika kwa chithandizo.

Komabe, nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kutsatira dokotala wa maso ndi m'mitsempha, yemwe angawone kufunikira kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga corticosteroids kuti achepetse kutupa kwa mitsempha, kapena kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti achepetse mitsempha yamawonedwe, yomwe ingakhale yofunikira pamatenda am'mimba, Mwachitsanzo.

Ngakhale, nthawi zina, kuchira kumakwaniritsidwa, ndizotheka kuti ena amitundu yotsalira amakhalabe, monga zovuta kusiyanitsa mitundu, kusintha kwa mawonekedwe owonekera, kuzindikira kuwala kapena zovuta pakuwunika mtunda, mwachitsanzo.