Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Zamkati

• Matupi awo sagwirizana ndi mbola
• Kodi zotsatira zake zimakhala zotani?
• Ndi tizilombo titi timene timayambitsa matenda?
• Kodi matendawo amayamba bwanji?
• Kuwona kwakanthawi

Matupi awo sagwirizana ndi mbola

Anthu ambiri omwe amalumidwa ndi tizilombo samachita kanthu kena. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kufiira, kutupa, kapena kuyabwa patsamba la mbola. Izi zimatha kutha maola ochepa. Kwa anthu ena, komabe, kulumidwa ndi tizilombo kumatha kuyambitsa kukwiya kapena kufa kumene. Ku United States, pakati pa 90-100 mbola pachaka zimabweretsa imfa.

Kodi zotsatira zake zimakhala zotani?

Chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimayankha zinthu zosazolowereka zomwe zili ndimaselo omwe amatha kuzindikira kuwombako. Chimodzi mwa zinthu m'dongosolo lino ndi ma antibodies. Amalola chitetezo cha mthupi kuzindikira zinthu zosazolowereka, ndikuchita nawo gawo pakuchotsa. Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma antibodies, iliyonse imakhala ndi gawo lina. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazing'onozi, zotchedwa immunoglobulin E (IgE), chimalumikizidwa ndikukula kwakusintha kwa zinthu zina.

Ngati muli ndi ziwengo, chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zina. Chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimalakwitsa zinthu izi kukhala zowononga. Poyankha chizindikiro cholakwika ichi, chitetezo cha mthupi chimatulutsa ma antibodies a IgE enieni a mankhwalawo.

Nthawi yoyamba munthu amene ali ndi vuto lodana ndi tizilombo atalumidwa, chitetezo cha mthupi chimatha kupanga ma antibodies ang'onoang'ono a IgE omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi ululu wa tizilombo. Ngati atalumikizidwanso ndi mtundu womwewo wa tizilombo, mayankho a anti-IgE amafulumira kwambiri komanso mwamphamvu. Kuyankha kwa IgE kumeneku kumabweretsa kutulutsidwa kwa histamine ndi mankhwala ena otupa omwe amayambitsa matendawa.

Ndi tizilombo titi timene timayambitsa matenda?

Pali mabanja atatu a tizilombo omwe amachititsa chifuwa chachikulu. Izi ndi:

• zotupa (Vespidae): ma jekete achikaso, ma lipenga, mavu
• njuchi (Apidae): njuchi, mabululu (nthawi zina), njuchi thukuta (kawirikawiri)
• nyerere (Formicidae): nyerere (zomwe zimayambitsa anaphylaxis), nyerere zokolola (zomwe sizodziwika bwino za anaphylaxis)

Kawirikawiri, kulumidwa ndi tizilombo totsatirazi kungayambitse anaphylaxis:

• udzudzu
• nsikidzi
• nsikidzi zopsyopsyona
• mbawala zimauluka

Kodi matendawo amayamba bwanji?

Nthawi zambiri, zovuta zimafanana, ndizizindikiro zakomweko zomwe zimatha kuphatikizira khungu kapena ming'oma, kuyabwa, kapena kutupa.

Nthaŵi zina, komabe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kutulutsa vuto lalikulu lotchedwa anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis ndi vuto lazachipatala pomwe kupuma kumatha kukhala kovuta komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatsika moopsa. Popanda chithandizo chofulumira, imfa imachitika chifukwa cha anaphylaxis.

Kuwona kwakanthawi

Ngati mwakhala mukugwidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, muli ndi mwayi waukulu wofanana kapena woopsa ngati mutayambiranso ndi mtundu womwewo wa tizilombo. Njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera kuyanjana nayo, ndichakuti, musapewe kubayidwa. Malangizo oti mupewe kubayidwa ndi awa:

• Chotsani ming'oma ndi zisa m'nyumba mwanu ndi pabwalo.
• Valani zovala zoteteza mukakhala panja.
• Pewani kuvala mitundu yowala ndi zonunkhira zamphamvu mukakhala panja pomwe pakhoza kukhala tizilombo.
• Samalani mukamadya panja. Tizilombo timakopeka ndi fungo la chakudya.

Ngati munakhala ndi vuto linalake m'mbuyomu, muyenera kuvala chibangili chodziwitsa anthu zachipatala ndikunyamula chida cha epinephrine auto-injection.