Lamotrigine, Piritsi Yamlomo

Zamkati

• Machenjezo ofunikira
• Machenjezo a FDA
  
• Machenjezo ena
• Kodi lamotrigine ndi chiyani?
• Chifukwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito
• Momwe imagwirira ntchito
• Zotsatira zoyipa za Lamotrigine
• Zotsatira zofala kwambiri
• Zotsatira zoyipa
• Lamotrigine amatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a mtima
• Mankhwala a HIV
• Njira zolera zapakamwa
• Mankhwala a chifuwa chachikulu
• Machenjezo a Lamotrigine
• Chenjezo la ziwengo
• Machenjezo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena
• Machenjezo kwa magulu ena
• Momwe mungatenge lamotrigine
• Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi mphamvu
• Mlingo wa khunyu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu
• Mlingo wa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika
• Maganizo apadera
• Mlingo machenjezo
• Tengani monga mwalamulidwa
• Zofunikira pakumwa lamotrigine
• Zonse
• Yosungirako
• Zowonjezeranso
• Kuyenda
• Kudziyang'anira pawokha
• Kuwunika kuchipatala
• Kupezeka
• Chilolezo chisanachitike
• Kodi pali njira zina?

Mfundo zazikulu za lamotrigine

1. Pulogalamu yamlomo ya Lamotrigine imapezeka ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso ngati mankhwala wamba. Maina a mayina: Lamictal, Lamictal XR, Lamictal CD, ndipo Lamictal ODT.
2. Lamotrigine imabwera m'njira zinayi: mapiritsi am'kamwa otulutsidwa mwachangu, mapiritsi am'kamwa otulutsidwa, mapiritsi amlomo otafuna, komanso mapiritsi apakompyuta (amatha kusungunuka pakulankhula).
3. Mapiritsi am'kamwa a Lamotrigine ndi mankhwala omwe amamwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mitundu ina ya khunyu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika.

Machenjezo ofunikira

Machenjezo a FDA

• Mankhwalawa ali ndi chenjezo lakuda lakuda. Ili ndiye chenjezo lalikulu kwambiri kuchokera ku Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Chenjezo la bokosi lakuda limachenjeza madokotala ndi odwala za zovuta zamankhwala zomwe zitha kukhala zowopsa.
• Ziphuphu zoopsa: Mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa zipsera zochepa koma zowopsa zomwe zingawononge moyo. Zotupazi zimatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse, koma zimatha kuchitika mkati mwa milungu iwiri kapena isanu ndi itatu yoyambira mankhwalawa. Musawonjezere mlingo wanu wa mankhwalawa mwachangu kuposa momwe dokotala akukuwuzirani. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuti musiye kumwa mankhwalawa chizindikiro choyamba cha ziphuphu.

Machenjezo ena

• Zomwe zimawopseza chitetezo cha mthupi: Nthawi zina, mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa chitetezo chamthupi chotchedwa hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Izi zimabweretsa kutupa kwakukulu mthupi lonse, ndipo popanda kuthandizidwa mwachangu, zimatha kupha. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kuthamanga, ndi ma lymph node owonjezera, chiwindi, ndi ndulu. Mulinso zochepetsera kuchuluka kwama cell, kuchepa kwa chiwindi, komanso mavuto a magazi.
• Chenjezo la kuwonongeka kwa thupi: Mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena mbali zina za thupi lanu. Izi zikuphatikizapo chiwindi chanu ndi maselo anu amwazi.
• Chenjezo lodzipha: Mankhwalawa amatha kupangitsa kuti mudzipweteke nokha. Itanani dokotala wanu ngati muwona kusintha kwadzidzidzi pamikhalidwe yanu, machitidwe anu, malingaliro anu, kapena momwe mumamvera.

Kodi lamotrigine ndi chiyani?

Lamotrigine ndi mankhwala omwe mumalandira. Zimabwera m'njira zinayi zomwe zimayenera kutengedwa pakamwa (pakamwa): mapiritsi am'kamwa otulutsidwa mwachangu, mapiritsi otulutsa pakamwa otulutsidwa, mapiritsi amlomo otafuna, komanso mapiritsi osweka pakamwa (amatha kusungunuka pakulankhula).

Lamotrigine imapezeka ngati dzina lodziwika mankhwala Kuthamangitsa, Lamictal XR (kumasulidwa), CD ya Lamictal (kutafuna), ndi Lamictal ODT (amasungunuka pa lilime). Ikupezekanso ngati mankhwala achibadwa. Mankhwala achibadwa nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika poyerekeza ndi mitundu yamaina. Nthawi zina, sangapezeke mwamphamvu iliyonse kapena mawonekedwe aliwonse monga mankhwala odziwika.

Lamotrigine itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira imodzi yophatikizira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungafunike kumwa mankhwala ena.

Chifukwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito

Lamotrigine imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mitundu ina ya khunyu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo. Kapenanso itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito payokha posintha mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo.

Lamotrigine imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza kwa nthawi yayitali matenda amisala otchedwa bipolar disorder. Ndi vutoli, munthu amakhala ndi nkhawa komanso kukhumudwa kwambiri.

Momwe imagwirira ntchito

Lamotrigine ali mgulu la mankhwala otchedwa anticonvulsants kapena antiepileptic drug (AEDs). Gulu la mankhwala ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zofananira.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu, mankhwalawa amachepetsa kutulutsidwa kwa chinthu muubongo wanu chotchedwa glutamate. Izi zimalepheretsa ma neuron muubongo wanu kuti asamagwire ntchito kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, mutha kukhala ndi khunyu pang'ono.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika, mankhwalawa amatha kukhudza zolandilira zina muubongo zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti musamavutike kwambiri. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe mumakhala nawo.

Zotsatira zoyipa za Lamotrigine

Piritsi lamlomo la Lamotrigine limatha kuyambitsa tulo. Osayendetsa galimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito makina olemera, kapena kuchita zina zoopsa mpaka mutadziwa momwe mankhwalawa amakukhudzirani.

Lamotrigine amathanso kuyambitsa zovuta zina.

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito lamotrigine ndi monga:

• chizungulire
• Kusinza
• mutu
• masomphenya awiri
• kusawona bwino
• nseru ndi kusanza
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kupweteka m'mimba
• vuto ndi kulumikizana komanso kulumikizana
• kuvuta kugona
• kupweteka kwa msana
• mphuno yodzaza
• chikhure
• pakamwa pouma
• malungo
• zidzolo
• kunjenjemera
• nkhawa

Ngati zotsatirazi ndizochepa, zimatha kutha masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo. Ngati ali ovuta kwambiri kapena osapita, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Itanani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi zovuta zina. Itanani 911 ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuwopseza moyo kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti mukukumana ndi vuto lachipatala. Zotsatira zoyipa komanso zizindikilo zake zimatha kukhala izi:

• Ziphuphu zazikulu zotchedwa matenda a Stevens-Johnson ndi poizoni wa epidermal necrolysis. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • kuphulika kapena khungu lanu
  • ming'oma
  • zidzolo
  • zilonda zopweteka mkamwa mwako kapena mozungulira maso ako
• Kuchulukitsa kwa ziwalo zambiri, komwe kumatchedwanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi eosinophilia ndi systemic zviratidzo (DRESS). Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • malungo
  • zidzolo
  • zotupa zamatenda zotupa
  • kupweteka kwambiri kwa minofu
  • matenda pafupipafupi
  • kutupa kwa nkhope yanu, maso, milomo, kapena lilime
  • kuvulaza kapena kutuluka mwachilendo
  • kufooka kapena kutopa
  • chikasu cha khungu lako kapena gawo loyera la maso ako
• Maselo otsika amagazi. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • kutopa
  • kufooka
  • matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi kapena matenda omwe sangathe
  • kuvulala kosadziwika
  • mwazi wa m'mphuno
  • Kutuluka magazi m'kamwa
• Kusintha kwa malingaliro kapena machitidwe. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • malingaliro ofuna kudzipha
  • kuyesa kudzipweteka kapena kudzipha
  • kukhumudwa kapena kuda nkhawa zomwe zakhala zatsopano kapena zikuipiraipira
  • kusakhazikika
  • mantha
  • kuvuta kugona
  • mkwiyo
  • nkhanza kapena nkhanza
  • kuyamwa kumene kwakhala kwatsopano kapena kukuipiraipira
  • machitidwe owopsa kapena zikhumbo
  • kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa ntchito ndikuyankhula
• Aseptic meningitis (kutupa kwa nembanemba komwe kumakhudza ubongo wanu ndi msana). Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • mutu
  • malungo
  • nseru ndi kusanza
  • khosi lolimba
  • zidzolo
  • kukhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwala kuposa masiku onse
  • kupweteka kwa minofu
  • kuzizira
  • chisokonezo
  • Kusinza
• Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH, chitetezo chamthupi chowopsa). Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
  • malungo akulu, makamaka oposa 101 ° F
  • zidzolo
  • ma lymph node owonjezera

Chodzikanira: Cholinga chathu ndikukupatsani chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chaposachedwa. Komabe, chifukwa mankhwala amakhudza munthu aliyense mosiyanasiyana, sitingatsimikizire kuti izi zimaphatikizaponso zovuta zonse zomwe zingachitike. Izi sizilowa m'malo mwa upangiri wa zamankhwala. Nthawi zonse muzikambirana mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi othandizira azaumoyo omwe amadziwa mbiri yanu yazachipatala.

Lamotrigine amatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena

Piritsi lamlomo la Lamotrigine limatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena, mavitamini, kapena zitsamba zomwe mwina mukumwa. Kulumikizana ndi pamene chinthu chimasintha momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito. Izi zitha kukhala zowononga kapena kuletsa mankhwalawa kuti asagwire ntchito bwino.

Pofuna kupewa kuyanjana, dokotala ayenera kuyang'anira mankhwala anu onse mosamala. Onetsetsani kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse, mavitamini, kapena zitsamba zomwe mukumwa. Kuti mudziwe momwe mankhwalawa angagwirizane ndi china chake chomwe mumatenga, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Zitsanzo za mankhwala omwe angayambitse kulumikizana ndi lamotrigine alembedwa pansipa.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Kutenga mankhwala ena ochepetsa mphamvu ndi lamotrigine kumatha kutsitsa lamotrigine mthupi lanu. Izi zingakhudze momwe lamotrigine imagwirira ntchito. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• carbamazepine
• anayankha
• Primidone
• muthoni

Valproate, Komano, akhoza kukweza mlingo wa lamotrigine m'thupi lanu. Izi zitha kuyambitsa zovuta zina zomwe zitha kukhala zowopsa.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a mtima

Dofetilide amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda am'mimba. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito lamotrigine, milingo ya dofetilide mthupi lanu imakulitsidwa. Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda owopsa.

Mankhwala a HIV

Kutenga lamotrigine ndi mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza HIV kumatha kutsitsa lamotrigine mthupi lanu. Izi zingakhudze momwe lamotrigine imagwirira ntchito. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• lopinavir / ritonavir
• atazanavir / ritonavir

Njira zolera zapakamwa

Kutenga lamotrigine kuphatikiza kuphatikiza zakulera (zomwe zili ndi estrogen ndi progesterone) kumatha kutsitsa lamotrigine mthupi lanu. Izi zingakhudze momwe lamotrigine imagwirira ntchito.

Mankhwala a chifuwa chachikulu

Rifampin amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira TB. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito lamotrigine, imatha kutsitsa lamotrigine mthupi lanu. Izi zingakhudze momwe lamotrigine imagwirira ntchito.

Chodzikanira: Cholinga chathu ndikukupatsani chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chaposachedwa. Komabe, chifukwa mankhwala amagwirira ntchito mosiyanasiyana mwa munthu aliyense, sitingatsimikizire kuti izi zikuphatikizira kulumikizana kulikonse kotheka. Izi sizilowa m'malo mwa upangiri wa zamankhwala. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani zaumoyo pazomwe mungachite ndi mankhwala onse, mavitamini, zitsamba ndi zowonjezera, komanso mankhwala owonjezera omwe mumamwa.

Machenjezo a Lamotrigine

Mankhwalawa amabwera ndi machenjezo angapo.

Chenjezo la ziwengo

Mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:

• zidzolo
• kuvuta kupuma
• kutupa kwa nkhope yanu, mmero, lilime
• ming'oma
• kuyabwa
• zilonda zopweteka mkamwa mwako

Mukakhala ndi zizindikilozi, itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipinda chadzidzidzi chapafupi.

Musatengerenso mankhwalawa ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto linalake. Kutenganso kumatha kukhala koopsa (kuyambitsa imfa).

Machenjezo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi: Mankhwalawa amakonzedwa ndi chiwindi. Ngati chiwindi chanu sichikuyenda bwino, mankhwalawa amatha kukhala mthupi lanu nthawi yayitali. Izi zimayika pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha zotsatirapo zake. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuchepetsa mlingo wanu wa mankhwalawa.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso: Mankhwalawa amachotsedwa mthupi lanu ndi impso zanu. Ngati impso zanu sizikuyenda bwino, mankhwalawa amatha kukhala mthupi lanu nthawi yayitali. Izi zimayika pachiwopsezo cha zovuta zina. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuchepetsa mlingo wanu wa mankhwalawa. Ngati mavuto anu a impso ali oopsa, dokotala akhoza kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, kapena sangakupatseni konse.

Machenjezo kwa magulu ena

Kwa amayi apakati: Mankhwalawa ndi m'gulu la mankhwala apakati a mimba C. Izi zikutanthauza zinthu ziwiri:

1. Kafukufuku wazinyama awonetsa zovuta kwa mwana wosabadwa mayi atamwa mankhwalawo.
2. Sipanakhale maphunziro okwanira omwe adachitika mwa anthu kuti atsimikizire momwe mankhwalawo angakhudzire mwana wosabadwayo.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukukonzekera kutenga pakati. Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha phindu lomwe lingakhalepo lingabweretse chiopsezo.

Mukakhala ndi pakati mukamamwa mankhwalawa, itanani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.

Kwa amayi omwe akuyamwitsa: Mankhwalawa amapezeka mkaka wa m'mawere ndipo atha kubweretsa zovuta zoyipa kwa mwana yemwe akuyamwitsa. Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mukuyamwitsa mwana wanu. Funsani za njira yabwino kwambiri yodyetsera mwana wanu mukamamwa mankhwalawa.

Ngati mukuyamwitsa mukamwa mankhwalawa, yang'anani mwana wanu mosamala. Fufuzani zizindikilo monga kupuma movutikira, magawo akanthawi mukapuma, kupuma tulo, kapena kuyamwa koyamwa. Itanani dokotala wa mwana wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati izi zikuchitika.

Kwa ana: Sizikudziwika ngati mtundu womwe ungatulutsidwe mwachangu wa mankhwalawa ndiwotetezeka komanso wogwira mtima pochiza khunyu mwa ana ochepera zaka ziwiri. Sizikudziwikanso ngati mtundu womasulira wa mankhwalawa ndiwotetezeka komanso wogwira mtima kwa ana ochepera zaka 13.

Kuphatikiza apo, sizikudziwika ngati mtundu womwe ungatuluke pomwepo wa mankhwalawa ndiwotetezeka komanso wogwira mtima pochiza matenda osokoneza bongo mwa ana ochepera zaka 18.

Momwe mungatenge lamotrigine

Mlingo uliwonse wotheka ndi mitundu ya mankhwala sizingaphatikizidwe pano. Mlingo wanu, mawonekedwe anu, komanso kuti mumamwa mankhwala kangati zimadalira:

• zaka zanu
• matenda omwe akuchiritsidwa
• kuopsa kwa matenda anu
• Matenda ena omwe muli nawo
• momwe mumachitira ndi mankhwala oyamba

Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi mphamvu

Zowonjezera: Lamotrigine

• Mawonekedwe: piritsi yamlomo
• Mphamvu: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg
• Mawonekedwe: piritsi lotafuna
• Mphamvu: 2 mg, 5 mg, 25 mg
• Mawonekedwe: piritsi losweka pakamwa (limatha kusungunuka lilime)
• Mphamvu: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg
• Mawonekedwe: piritsi lotulutsa
• Mphamvu: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, 300 mg

Mtundu: Kuthamangitsa

• Mawonekedwe: piritsi yamlomo
• Mphamvu: 25 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg

Mtundu: CD ya Lamictal

• Mawonekedwe: piritsi lotafuna
• Mphamvu: 2 mg, 5 mg, 25 mg

Mtundu: Lamictal ODT

• Mawonekedwe: piritsi losweka pakamwa (limatha kusungunuka lilime)
• Mphamvu: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg

Mtundu: Lamictal XR

• Mawonekedwe: piritsi lotulutsa
• Mphamvu: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, 300 mg

Mlingo wa khunyu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu

Mlingo wa akulu (zaka 18-64 zaka)

Fomu yotulutsira pomwepo (mapiritsi, mapiritsi otafuna, mapiritsi omwe amawonongeka pakamwa)

• Kutenga ndi valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 25 mg tsiku lililonse.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 25 mg patsiku.
  • Sabata 5 kupita mtsogolo: Dokotala wanu adzawonjezera mlingo wanu ndi 25-50 mg kamodzi patsiku sabata limodzi kapena awiri.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 100-400 mg pa tsiku.
• OSATENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, kapena valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 25 mg patsiku.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Sabata 5 kupita mtsogolo: Dokotala wanu adzawonjezera mlingo wanu ndi 50 mg kamodzi patsiku sabata limodzi kapena awiri.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 225-375 mg pa tsiku, mu magawo awiri ogawanika.
• KUTENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, kapena primidone ndipo OSAKHALA valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 50 mg tsiku lililonse.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 100 mg patsiku, mu magawo awiri ogawanika.
  • Sabata 5 kupita mtsogolo: Dokotala wanu adzawonjezera mlingo wanu ndi 100 mg kamodzi patsiku sabata limodzi kapena awiri.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 300-500 mg pa tsiku, mu magawo awiri ogawanika.

Mawonekedwe omasulidwa (mapiritsi)

• Kutenga ndi valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 25 mg tsiku lililonse.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 25 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 5: Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 6: Tengani 100 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 7: Tengani 150 mg patsiku.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 200-250 mg tsiku.
• OSATENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, kapena valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 25 mg tsiku lililonse.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 5: Tengani 100 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 6: Tengani 150 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 7: Tengani 200 mg patsiku.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 300-400 mg pa tsiku.
• KUTENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, kapena primidone ndipo OSAKHALA valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 100 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 5: Tengani 200 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 6: Tengani 300 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 7: Tengani 400 mg patsiku.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 400-600 mg pa tsiku.

Kutembenuka kuchokera kumankhwala othandizira

Dokotala wanu angasankhe kuletsa mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo mutenge lamotrigine palokha. Kusintha uku kudzakhala kosiyana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Dokotala wanu amachulukitsa pang'onopang'ono mlingo wa lamotrigine ndikuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo.

Kutembenuka kuchokera pakamasulidwa msanga kupita ku kutulutsa kwina (XR) lamotrigine

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukusinthani mwachindunji kuchokera ku fomu yotulutsira pomwepo ya lamotrigine kupita kufomu yotulutsidwa (XR). Kusintha uku kudzakhala kosiyana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Mukasinthira fomu ya XR, dokotala wanu adzakuwunikirani kuti awonetsetse kuti mukumenyedwa. Dokotala wanu akhoza kusintha mlingo wanu malinga ndi momwe mumayankhira kuchipatala.

Mlingo wa ana (zaka 13-17 zaka)

Fomu yotulutsira pomwepo (mapiritsi, mapiritsi otafuna, mapiritsi omwe amawonongeka pakamwa)

• Kutenga ndi valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 25 mg tsiku lililonse.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 25 mg patsiku.
  • Sabata 5 kupita mtsogolo: Dokotala wanu adzawonjezera mlingo wanu ndi 25-50 mg kamodzi patsiku sabata limodzi kapena awiri.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 100-400 mg pa tsiku.
• OSATENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, kapena valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 25 mg patsiku.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Sabata 5 kupita mtsogolo: Dokotala wanu adzawonjezera mlingo wanu ndi 50 mg kamodzi patsiku sabata limodzi kapena awiri.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 225-375 mg pa tsiku, mu magawo awiri ogawanika.
• KUTENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, kapena primidone ndipo OSAKHALA valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 50 mg tsiku lililonse.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 100 mg patsiku, mu magawo awiri ogawanika.
  • Sabata 5 kupita mtsogolo: Dokotala wanu adzawonjezera mlingo wanu ndi 100 mg kamodzi patsiku sabata limodzi kapena awiri.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 300-500 mg pa tsiku, mu magawo awiri ogawanika.

Mawonekedwe omasulidwa (mapiritsi)

• Kutenga ndi valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 25 mg tsiku lililonse.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 25 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 5: Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 6: Tengani 100 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 7: Tengani 150 mg patsiku.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 200-250 mg tsiku.
• OSATENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, kapena valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 25 mg tsiku lililonse.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 5: Tengani 100 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 6: Tengani 150 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 7: Tengani 200 mg patsiku.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 300-400 mg pa tsiku.
• KUTENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, kapena primidone ndipo OSAKHALA valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 100 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 5: Tengani 200 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 6: Tengani 300 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 7: Tengani 400 mg patsiku.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 400-600 mg pa tsiku.

Kutembenuka kuchokera kumankhwala othandizira

Dokotala wanu angasankhe kuletsa mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo mutenge lamotrigine palokha. Kusintha uku kudzakhala kosiyana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Dokotala wanu amachulukitsa pang'onopang'ono mlingo wanu wa lamotrigine ndikuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo.

Kutembenuka kuchokera pakamasulidwa msanga kupita ku kutulutsa kwina (XR) lamotrigine

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukusinthani mwachindunji kuchokera ku fomu yotulutsira pomwepo ya lamotrigine kupita kufomu yotulutsidwa (XR). Kusintha uku kudzakhala kosiyana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Mukasinthira fomu ya XR, dokotala wanu adzakuwunikirani kuti awonetsetse kuti mukumenyedwa. Dokotala wanu akhoza kusintha mlingo wanu malinga ndi momwe mumayankhira kuchipatala.

Mlingo wa ana (zaka 2-12 zaka)

Fomu yotulutsira pomwepo (mapiritsi, mapiritsi otafuna, mapiritsi omwe amawonongeka pakamwa)

• Kutenga ndi valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 0.15 mg / kg patsiku, mu 1-2 ogawanika.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 0.3 mg / kg pa tsiku, mu 1-2 ogawanika.
  • Sabata 5 kupita mtsogolo: Dokotala wanu adzawonjezera mlingo wa 0.3 mg / kg pa tsiku sabata limodzi kapena awiri.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 1-5 mg / kg pa tsiku, mu 1-2 ogawanika (200 mg patsiku).
• OSATENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, kapena valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 0.3 mg / kg pa tsiku, mu 1-2 ogawanika.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 0.6 mg / kg pa tsiku, mu magawo awiri ogawanika
  • Sabata 5 kupita mtsogolo: Dokotala wanu adzawonjezera mlingo wa 0.6 mg / kg pa tsiku sabata limodzi kapena awiri.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 4.5-7.5 mg / kg pa tsiku, m'magulu awiri ogawanika (opitilira 300 mg patsiku).
• KUTENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, kapena primidone ndipo OSAKHALA valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 0.6 mg / kg pa tsiku, mu magawo awiri ogawanika.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 1.2 mg / kg patsiku, mu magawo awiri ogawanika.
  • Sabata 5 kupita mtsogolo: Dokotala wanu adzawonjezera mlingo wa 1.2 mg / kg pa tsiku sabata limodzi kapena awiri.
  • Kukonza: Tengani 5-15 mg / kg pa tsiku, mu magawo awiri ogawanika (opitirira 400 mg patsiku).

Mawonekedwe omasulidwa (mapiritsi)

Sichinatsimikizidwe kuti lamotrigine ndiyotetezeka komanso yothandiza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana ochepera zaka 13. Sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana awa.

Mlingo wa ana (zaka 0-1 chaka)

Fomu yotulutsira pomwepo (mapiritsi, mapiritsi otafuna, mapiritsi omwe amawonongeka pakamwa)

Sichinatsimikizidwe kuti mitundu iyi ya lamotrigine ndiyotetezeka komanso yothandiza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana ochepera zaka ziwiri. Sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana awa.

Mlingo waukulu (wazaka 65 kapena kupitirira)

Okalamba amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pang'onopang'ono. Mlingo wachikulire womwe ungapangitse kuti thupi lanu likhale lokwera kuposa nthawi zonse. Izi zitha kukhala zowopsa. Pofuna kupewa izi, dokotala wanu akhoza kukuyambitsani pamlingo wotsika kapena ndandanda ina.

Mlingo wa matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika

Mlingo wa akulu (zaka 18-64 zaka)

Fomu yotulutsira pomwepo (mapiritsi, mapiritsi otafuna, mapiritsi omwe amawonongeka pakamwa)

• Kutenga ndi valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 25 mg tsiku lililonse.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 25 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 5: Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 6: Tengani 100 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 7: Tengani 100 mg patsiku.
• OSATENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, kapena valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 25 mg patsiku.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 5: Tengani 100 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 6: Tengani 200 mg patsiku.
  • Mlungu 7: Tengani 200 mg patsiku.
• KUTENGA carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, kapena primidone ndipo OSAKHALA valproate:
  • Masabata 1-2: Tengani 50 mg patsiku.
  • Masabata 3-4 Tengani 100 mg patsiku, mu magawo ogawanika.
  • Mlungu 5: Tengani 200 mg patsiku, mu magawo ogawanika.
  • Mlungu 6: Tengani 300 mg patsiku, mu magawo ogawanika.
  • Mlungu 7: Imwani mpaka 400 mg patsiku, m'magawo angapo.

Mlingo wa ana (zaka 0-17 zaka)

Mafomu otulutsira pomwepo (mapiritsi, mapiritsi otafuna, mapiritsi omwe amawonongeka pakamwa)

Sizinatsimikiziridwe kuti mitundu iyi ya lamotrigine ndiyotetezeka komanso yothandiza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana ochepera zaka 18 pochiza matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika. Sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana awa pochiza matenda ochititsa munthu kusinthasintha zochitika.

Mlingo waukulu (wazaka 65 kapena kupitirira)

Okalamba amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pang'onopang'ono. Mlingo wachikulire womwe ungapangitse kuti kuchuluka kwa mankhwala m'thupi lanu kukhale kwapamwamba kuposa zachilendo. Izi zitha kukhala zowopsa. Pofuna kupeŵa izi, dokotala wanu akuyamba kukupatsani mlingo wochepa kapena ndondomeko ina ya dosing.

Maganizo apadera

• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi: Ngati muli ndi mavuto owopsa a chiwindi, dokotala wanu amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa lamotrigine.
• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso: Ngati muli ndi mavuto a impso, dokotala wanu akhoza kuchepetsa mlingo wa lamotrigine. Ngati mavuto anu a impso ali ovuta, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati mukuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Mlingo machenjezo

Mlingo woyambira wa lamotrigine sayenera kukhala woposa momwe mungayambitsire poyambira. Komanso, mlingo wanu sayenera kuwonjezeka mofulumira kwambiri.Ngati mlingo wanu ndiwokwera kwambiri kapena ukukula mwachangu, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotupa pakhungu kapena pangozi.

Ngati mukumwa mankhwalawa kuti muzitha kugwidwa ndipo mukuyenera kusiya kumwa, dokotala wanu amachepetsa pang'onopang'ono mlingo wanu kwa milungu iwiri. Ngati mulingo wanu usatsike pang'onopang'ono ndikuchepetsedwa, mudzakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala khunyu.

Chodzikanira: Cholinga chathu ndikukupatsani chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chaposachedwa. Komabe, chifukwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhudza munthu aliyense mosiyanasiyana, sitingatsimikizire kuti mndandandawu umaphatikizira miyezo yonse yotheka. Izi sizilowa m'malo mwa upangiri wa zamankhwala. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala za mlingo woyenera kwa inu.

Tengani monga mwalamulidwa

Piritsi lamlomo la Lamotrigine limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali. Zimabwera ndi zoopsa ngati simukuzitenga monga mwalamulo.

Mukasiya kumwa mankhwala mwadzidzidzi kapena osamwa konse: Mukamamwa mankhwalawa kuti muzitha kugwidwa, kusiya mankhwalawa mwadzidzidzi kapena osamwa konse kungayambitse mavuto. Izi zikuphatikizapo chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kugwidwa. Amakhalanso pachiwopsezo cha matenda otchedwa status epilepticus (SE). Ndi SE, khunyu lalifupi kapena lalitali limachitika kwa mphindi 30 kapena kupitilira apo. SE ndichangu mwadzidzidzi.

Mukamwa mankhwalawa kuti muchepetse vuto la kusinthasintha zochitika, kusiya mankhwala mwadzidzidzi kapena osamwa konse kungayambitse mavuto. Maganizo anu kapena chikhalidwe chanu chitha kukulirakulira. Mungafunike kulowetsedwa kuchipatala.

Ngati mwaphonya Mlingo kapena osamwa mankhwalawo panthawi yake: Mankhwala anu mwina sagwira ntchito kapena akhoza kusiya kugwira ntchito kwathunthu. Kuti mankhwalawa azigwira ntchito bwino, kuchuluka kwina kumayenera kukhala mthupi lanu nthawi zonse.

Ngati mutenga zochuluka kwambiri: Mutha kukhala ndimankhwala owopsa mthupi lanu. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa kwambiri mankhwalawa, itanani dokotala wanu kapena funsani malangizo kuchokera ku American Association of Poison Control Center ku 1-800-222-1222 kapena kudzera pa chida chawo pa intaneti. Koma ngati matenda anu akukulira, itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi pomwepo.

Zomwe muyenera kuchita mukaphonya mlingo: Tengani mwamsanga mukamakumbukira. Ngati mukukumbukira kutangotsala maola ochepa kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwala, tengani mlingo umodzi wokha. Osayesa konse kutenga ndi kumwa mapiritsi awiri nthawi imodzi. Izi zitha kubweretsa zovuta zoyipa.

Momwe mungadziwire ngati mankhwalawa akugwira ntchito: Mukamwa mankhwalawa kuti muthane nako, muyenera kugwidwa kochepa, kapena kugwa kochepa. Dziwani kuti mwina simungamve mphamvu ya mankhwalawa kwa milungu ingapo.

Ngati mumamwa mankhwalawa kuti muthane ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika, muyenera kukhala ndi magawo ochepa azisangalalo. Dziwani kuti mwina simungamve mphamvu ya mankhwalawa kwa milungu ingapo.

Zofunikira pakumwa lamotrigine

Kumbukirani izi ngati dokotala akukulemberani lamotrigine.

Zonse

• Mitundu yonse ya mankhwalawa imatha kumwa kapena wopanda chakudya.
• Tengani mankhwalawa panthawi yomwe dokotala akukulangizani.
• Mutha kudula kapena kuphwanya mapiritsi am'kamwa osazolowereka. Simuyenera kuphwanya kapena kudula mapiritsi owonjezera kapena omwazika pakamwa.

Yosungirako

• Sungani mapiritsi otulutsa pakamwa, otafuna, ndi otalikirapo kutentha kwa 77 ° F (25 ° C).
• Sungani mapiritsi omwe amawonongeka pakamwa ndi kutentha pakati pa 68 ° F mpaka 77 ° F (20 ° C mpaka 25 ° C).
• Sungani mankhwalawa kutali ndi kuwala.
• Osasunga mankhwalawa m'malo onyowa kapena achinyezi, monga zimbudzi.

Zowonjezeranso

Mankhwala a mankhwalawa amakonzanso. Simuyenera kusowa mankhwala atsopano kuti mudzazidwenso. Dokotala wanu adzalemba kuchuluka kwa mafuta obwezerezedwanso pamankhwala anu.

Kuyenda

Mukamayenda ndi mankhwala anu:

• Nthawi zonse muzinyamula mankhwala anu. Mukamauluka, musayikenso m'thumba lofufuzidwa. Sungani m'thumba lanu.
• Osadandaula za makina a X-ray pabwalo la ndege. Sangathe kuvulaza mankhwala anu.
• Mungafunike kuwonetsa ogwira ntchito ku eyapoti chizindikiro cha mankhwala anu. Nthawi zonse muzinyamula chidebe choyambirira cholembedwa ndi mankhwala.
• Musayike mankhwalawa m'galimoto yamagolovu amgalimoto yanu kapena siyani m'galimoto. Onetsetsani kuti musachite izi nyengo ikatentha kapena kuzizira kwambiri.
• Kumeza mapiritsi otulutsidwa nthawi zonse komanso otalikirana. Ngati mukuvutika kumeza, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Pakhoza kukhala mtundu wina wa mankhwala omwe mungamwe.
• Ngati mukumwa piritsi lowonongeka pakamwa, liyikeni pansi pa lilime lanu ndikuyendetsa pakamwa panu. Piritsi lidzasungunuka msanga. Itha kumezedwa kapena popanda madzi.
• Mapiritsi otafuna angathe kumezedwa kwathunthu kapena kutafuna. Ngati mumatafuna mapiritsiwo, imwani madzi pang'ono, kapena msuzi wa zipatso wothira madzi, kuti muthandize kumeza. Mapiritsi amathanso kusakanizidwa m'madzi, kapena msuzi wazipatso wothira madzi. Onjezani mapiritsi pa supuni 1 yamadzi (kapena yokwanira kuphimba mapiritsi) mu kapu kapena supuni. Dikirani osachepera miniti imodzi kapena mpaka mapiritsiwo atasungunuka kwathunthu. Kenako sakanizani yankho palimodzi ndikumwa ndalama zonsezo.

Kudziyang'anira pawokha

Kuwunika kuchipatala

Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani. Mukamalandira mankhwalawa, mutha kuyesedwa kuti muwone:

• Mavuto a chiwindi: Kuyezetsa magazi kumamuthandiza dokotala kusankha ngati zili bwino kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwalawa, komanso ngati mukufuna mlingo wochepa.
• Mavuto a impso: Kuyezetsa magazi kumamuthandiza dokotala kusankha ngati zili bwino kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwalawa, komanso ngati mukufuna mlingo wochepa.
• Kusintha kwakukulu pakhungu: Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani ngati muli ndi vuto lakhungu. Khungu limeneli limatha kukhala pangozi.
• Malingaliro odzipha ndi machitidwe: Dokotala wanu adzakuwunikirani ngati mungaganize zodzipweteka nokha kapena machitidwe ena ofanana nawo. Itanani dokotala wanu ngati muwona kusintha kwadzidzidzi pamikhalidwe yanu, machitidwe anu, malingaliro anu, kapena momwe mumamvera.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati mutamwa mankhwalawa kuti muchiritse khunyu, inu ndi dokotala muyenera kuwunika kangati momwe mumagwidwa. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuwonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa akugwirani ntchito.

Ndipo ngati mumamwa mankhwalawa kuti muthane ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika, inu ndi dokotala muyenera kuwunika momwe mumakhalira ndi magawo azisangalalo. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuwonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa akugwirani ntchito.

Kupezeka

Osati mankhwala aliwonse omwe amakhala ndi mankhwalawa. Mukadzaza mankhwala anu, onetsetsani kuti mwayitanitsa patsogolo kuti mutsimikizire kuti mankhwala omwe muli nawo ali nawo.

Chilolezo chisanachitike

Makampani ambiri a inshuwaransi amafuna chilolezo chamtundu wina wamankhwalawa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti dokotala wanu adzafunika kuvomerezedwa ndi kampani yanu ya inshuwaransi kampani yanu ya inshuwaransi isanakulipireni mankhwalawo.

Kodi pali njira zina?

Palinso mankhwala ena omwe amapezeka kuti athetse vuto lanu. Ena akhoza kukuyenererani kuposa ena. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena omwe angakuthandizeni.

Chodzikanira: Healthaline yayesetsa kwambiri kuti zidziwitso zonse zikhale zolondola, zokwanira, komanso zaposachedwa. Komabe, nkhaniyi sikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chidziwitso ndi ukadaulo wa akatswiri pazachipatala. Muyenera kufunsa adotolo kapena akatswiri azaumoyo musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse. Zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zili pano zitha kusintha ndipo sizingapangidwe kuti zigwiritse ntchito, mayendedwe, zodzitetezera, machenjezo, kulumikizana ndi mankhwala, kusokonezeka, kapena zovuta zina. Kusapezeka kwa machenjezo kapena zidziwitso za mankhwala omwe apatsidwa sikuwonetsa kuti kuphatikiza mankhwala kapena mankhwalawa ndiwotetezeka, ogwira ntchito, komanso oyenera kwa odwala onse kapena ntchito zina zilizonse.