Matenda a Lymphoid Leukemia: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za LLC
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Chithandizo cha LLC

Matenda a Lymphoid Leukemia, omwe amadziwikanso kuti LLC kapena matenda a khansa ya m'magazi, ndi mtundu wa khansa ya m'magazi yomwe imadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa ma lymphocyte okhwima m'magazi azowonjezera, kuphatikiza kuwonjezeka kwa ma lymph node, kuchepa thupi komanso kutopa kwambiri, mwachitsanzo .

LLC imapezeka kuti ili ndi zaka 65, chifukwa matendawa amasintha pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zizindikirazo zimawonekera matendawa atayamba kale. Chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwa kuwonekera kwa zizindikilo, matendawa nthawi zambiri amadziwika nthawi yoyezetsa magazi, makamaka kuchuluka kwa magazi, momwe kuwonjezeka kwa ma lymphocyte kumatha kudziwika.

Zizindikiro za LLC

Bungwe la LLC limayamba kupitirira miyezi kapena zaka ndipo chifukwa chake, zizindikilo zimayamba kuwonekera pang'onopang'ono, ndipo matendawa amadziwika nthawi zambiri akakhala kuti apita patsogolo kwambiri. Zizindikiro zowonetsa za LLC ndi izi:

• Kuchuluka kwa ma lymph node;
• Kutopa;
• Kupuma pang'ono panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi;
• Kukulitsa kwa nthata, komwe kumatchedwanso splenomegaly;
• Hepatomegaly, ndiko kukulitsa kwa chiwindi;
• Matenda omwe amabwera pakhungu, mkodzo ndi mapapo;
• Kuchepetsa thupi.

Popeza matendawa sawonetsa zizindikilo mgawo loyambirira, bungwe la LLC limatha kudziwika pambuyo poyesa mayeso, momwe kuwonjezeka kwa ma lymphocyte ndi ma leukocyte kumawonekera poyesa magazi.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Kupezeka kwa Matenda a m'magazi a Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia kumapangidwa kuchokera pakuwunika kwa maselo amwazi chifukwa chakuwerengera kwathunthu kwamagazi, komwe kumapangidwa kuchokera pakuwunika kwa magazi. Mwazi wathunthu wamagulu a LLC ndizotheka kuzindikira leukocytosis, yomwe imakhala pamwamba pamaselo 25,000 / mm³ yamagazi, ndi lymphocytosis yosalekeza, nthawi zambiri pamwamba pa ma lymphocyte / mm³ a magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala ena ali ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso thrombocytopenia, komwe kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi. Onani zomwe malingaliro oyera amwazi wamagazi ali.

Ngakhale amakhala okhwima, ma lymphocyte omwe amapezeka m'magazi akuthira amakhala ochepa komanso osalimba motero, panthawi yopanga magazi smear amatha kuphulika ndikupanga mithunzi ya nyukiliya, yotchedwanso Gumprecht shadows, yomwe imaganiziridwanso kwathunthu matenda.

Ngakhale kuwerengetsa magazi ndikokwanira kumaliza matenda a khansa ya m'magazi, mayeso a immunophenotyping amafunikira kuti azindikire kupezeka kwa zolembera zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti ndi leukemia yokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa ma lymphocyte amtundu wa B ndikuti ndiwanthawi yayitali. Immunophenotyping amawerengedwa kuti ndi chizindikiritso chagolide osati cha LLC komanso mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi.

Nthawi zina, adokotala amatha kupempha myelogram, komwe kumayesedwa kuti apende ma cell omwe ali m'mafupa, omwe ku LLC amakhala ndi ma lymphocyte opitilira 30%. Kuyesaku, komabe, sikufunsidwa kwambiri kuti tizindikire matendawa, koma kuti titsimikizire kusinthika, kolozera kwa ma lymphocyte ndikufotokozera zamtsogolo. Mvetsetsani momwe myelogram imapangidwira.

Chithandizo cha LLC

Chithandizo cha LLC chimachitika molingana ndi gawo la matendawa:

• Chiwopsezo chochepa: momwe ma leukocytosis ndi lymphocytosis okha amadziwika, popanda zizindikilo zina. Chifukwa chake, adotolo amatsagana ndi wodwalayo ndipo sikofunikira kuchita mankhwalawo;
• Chiwopsezo chapakati: momwe lymphocytosis, kukulitsa kwa ma lymph node ndi chiwindi kapena splenomegaly kumatsimikiziridwa, komwe kumafunikira kutsata kwachipatala kuti aone ngati matenda ndi chithandizo cha chemo kapena radiotherapy;
• Chiwopsezo chachikulu: momwe zizindikilo za CLL zimadziwika, kuphatikiza kuchepa kwa magazi ndi thrombocytopenia, ndipo chithandizo chikuyenera kuyambitsidwa pomwepo. Chithandizo chovomerezeka kwambiri pankhaniyi ndi kupatsira mafuta m'mafupa, ndikofunikanso kulandira chemo ndi radiotherapy.

Mwamsanga kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa ma lymphocyte m'magazi ozungulira atadziwika, ndikofunikira kuti adotolo awunike momwe wodwalayo alili kuti matenda a CLL atsimikizidwe ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo ndikupewetsa matendawa.

Ma radiotherapy ndi chemotherapy onse amatha kufooketsa komanso kusokoneza moyo wamunthu. Chifukwa chake, ndizosangalatsa kukhala ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mukumva bwino ndikuchepetsa zizindikilo zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mitundu iyi yamankhwala. Onani vidiyo yotsatirayi pazakudya zabwino kuti muchepetse zovuta za chemotherapy: