Chiwindi ndi Cholesterol: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mthupi
• Zovuta za chiwindi
• Matenda a chiwindi cha Nonalcoholic
• Matenda a chiwindi
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Zotsatira za cholesterol yambiri
• Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala
• Matendawa
• Chithandizo
• Chitani
  
• Pewani
  
• Chiwonetsero
• Kupewa

Chiyambi ndi chidule

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino. Chiwindi ndi gawo lodziwika bwino la kuyesaku.

Chiwindi ndiye gland yayikulu kwambiri mthupi, yomwe ili kumtunda chakumanja kwamimba. Ndi mbuye wochotsera mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zinthu zina zakunja. Amasunga glycogen, yomwe thupi limagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Ndikofunikanso pakupukusa mafuta, chakudya, komanso mapuloteni. Chiwindi chopatsa thanzi chimachita zonsezi mosazindikira.

Ntchito yofunikira ya chiwindi ndikupanga ndikuwonekera bwino mthupi. Zambiri zomwe zimayang'ana pa cholesterol zimafotokoza kuthekera kwake kwazovuta zathanzi. Koma cholesterol ndiyofunikira pakupanga mahomoni, vitamini D, ndi michere yofunikira pakudya.

Mitundu yotchedwa lipoproteins imanyamula cholesterol mthupi lonse. Mitundu iwiri yofunikira kwambiri ya lipoproteins (HDL) ndi low-density lipoproteins (LDL). "Wapamwamba" ndi "wotsika" amatanthauza kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta omwe ali mthumba. Thupi limafunikira mitundu yonse iwiri mofanana.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mthupi

Ndikofunika kudziwa milingo ya HDL ("yabwino" cholesterol), LDL ("yoyipa" cholesterol), ndi cholesterol yonse mthupi lanu. Chiyerekezo chovuta cha cholesterol chonse ndi HDL, kuphatikiza LDL, kuphatikiza gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu amtundu wa mafuta otchedwa triglyceride.

Izi zimalimbikitsa magawo otsatirawa:

Ma HDL osachepera mamiligalamu 40 pa desilita imodzi (mg / dL) yamagazi. Chilichonse chocheperako chimakulitsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima. Mulingo wosachepera 60 mg / dL umathandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima.

Zovuta za chiwindi

Mavuto ogwira ntchito a chiwindi atha kulepheretsa limba kutulutsa kapena kuchotsa cholesterol. Zinthu ziwirizi zimatha kupanga cholembera m'mafuta ndipo zimakhudza thanzi la munthu. Zinthu zotsatirazi zimatha kukhudza chiwindi m'njira yomwe imapangitsa kuti mafuta m'thupi azikhala achilendo.

Matenda a chiwindi cha Nonalcoholic

Njira yowonongeka ya chiwindi ndi matenda a chiwindi cha nonalcoholic (NAFLD). Zimakhudza pafupifupi kotala limodzi la anthu. Nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pakati pa anthu onenepa kwambiri kapena odwala matenda ashuga.

NAFLD imalumikizidwa ndi dyslipidemia, cholesterol yosazolowereka komanso mankhwala ofanana m'magazi. NAFLD imayambitsanso, zosasintha m'mene thupi limagawira mafuta.

NAFLD imakhudza zochitika zingapo. Pakati pa NAFLD pali steatohepatitis (NASH) yoopsa kwambiri. Kuzindikira kwa NASH nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda a chiwindi, kulephera kwa chiwindi, ndi hepatocellular carcinoma.

Matenda a chiwindi

Cirrhosis imatha kuyambitsa zipsera ndikulepheretsa chiwindi kugwira ntchito zamagetsi. Vutoli limachitika chifukwa chovulala kwakanthawi m'thupi. Kuvulala kumeneku kungaphatikizepo kutupa chifukwa cha matenda otupa chiwindi a C. Pambuyo pa hepatitis C, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa kwanthawi yayitali ndichomwe chimayambitsa matenda a chiwindi ku United States.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Chifukwa china chachikulu cha mavuto a chiwindi ndi kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala. Ntchito ya chiwindi ndiyo kupukusa mankhwala m'thupi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti atengeke ndi mankhwala, mankhwala owonjezera, kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zovulala zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha chiwindi komanso mankhwala omwe amakhudzana ndi izi ndi awa:

Pachimake pa chiwindi

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

• acetaminophen
• bromfenac
• isoniazid
• nevirapine
• mwambo
• troglitazone

Matenda a chiwindi

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

• alireza
• diclofenac
• methyldopa
• minocycline
• nitrofurantoin

Mitundu yosakanikirana kapena chiwindi cha atypical

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

• Zoletsa za ACE
• asidi amoxicillin-clavulanic
• mankhwala enaake
• erythromycin
• sulindac

Matenda osokoneza bongo

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

• kutchfun
• alireza

Microvesicular steatosis

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

• NRTIs
• asidi wa valproic

Veno-matenda osadziwika

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

• alireza
• cyclophosphamide

Mukasiya kumwa mankhwalawa, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi nthawi zambiri sikukhala koopsa ndipo nthawi zambiri kumachepa. Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka kumatha kukhala kwakukulu kapena kwamuyaya.

Zotsatira za cholesterol yambiri

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya LDL kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha mafuta m'mitsuko yomwe imabweretsa magazi pamtima. Kutsika kwambiri kwa cholesterol ya HDL kumanena kuti thupi silingathe kuchotsa zikwangwani ndi mafuta ena amthupi. Zonsezi zimayambitsa chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima komanso matenda amtima.

Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala

Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kumatha kupitilira miyezi kapena zaka popanda zizindikiro. Pomwe nthawi zowonekera, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakukulu. Zizindikiro zina zimafuna kuti mupite kuchipatala. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• jaundice (khungu lachikaso ndi maso)
• kutopa
• kufooka
• kusowa chilakolako
• kudzikundikira kwamadzimadzi m'mimba
• chizolowezi chovulaza mosavuta

Matendawa

Dokotala amatha kudziwa mavuto a chiwindi mwa kuwona zomwe mwakumana nazo ndikumaliza mbiri yakale. Muthanso kuyesedwa ndi chiwindi. Mayesowa akuphatikizapo

Kuyesa mavitamini a chiwindi: Mavitamini omwe amapezeka pagululi ndi alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, ndi gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Mulingo wamtundu uliwonse wa michere iyi ungawonetse kuwonongeka.

Chiyeso cha mapuloteni a chiwindi: Kutsika kwa mapuloteni a globulin ndi albumin kumatha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi. Prothrombin ndi mapuloteni a chiwindi omwe amafunika kuti awumitse. Kuyesa wamba kumayeza kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe magazi anu amatenga magazi. Kuchedwa kutseka nthawi kungatanthauze kuchepa kwa prothrombin ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

Mayeso a Bilirubin: Magazi amapititsa bilirubin kupita ku chiwindi ndi ndulu. Kenako imatulutsidwa mu chopondapo. Magazi mumkodzo kapena bilirubin wochuluka m'magazi amatha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

Gulu limodzi la lipoprotein: Gulu limayesa cholesterol yamagazi ndi tryglycerides palimodzi. Magazi amatengedwa pambuyo pa kusala kudya.

Chithandizo

Chithandizo cha matenda a chiwindi nthawi zambiri chimayamba ndi kuthana ndi vutoli. Matenda osiyanasiyana a chiwindi amafunika kusintha kwakanthawi pazakudya, koma American Liver Foundation ili ndi malangizo ena.

Chitani

• Idyani mbewu, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, nyama ndi nyemba, mkaka, ndi mafuta mofanana. Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu ndizofunikira.
• Khalani hydrated.

Pewani

• zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, shuga, ndi mchere
• nkhono yaiwisi kapena yosaphika
• mowa

Chithandizo cha cholesterol chambiri chimaphatikizaponso malangizo azakudya monga awa a matenda a chiwindi. Chithandizo chamankhwala cha cholesterol chambiri chimaphatikizaponso gulu la mankhwala otchedwa statins. Ofufuza awona ngati ma statins ndiabwino kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi azigwiritsa ntchito.

"Kawirikawiri, ma statins amakhala otetezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi," atero a David Bernstein, MD, FACG, wamkulu wa hepatology ku Northwell Health, komanso pulofesa wa zamankhwala ku Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine ku Hempstead, NY. "Odwala omwe atha matenda a chiwindi ayenera kuwayang'anitsitsa, koma amakhala otetezeka."

“Kodi pali chiopsezo? Inde, koma ndizowopsa kwambiri ndipo odwala amayang'aniridwa m'miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira, "akutero Bernstein.

Chiwonetsero

Njira zochiritsira zimalonjeza kuyendetsa bwino kolesterolini, ngakhale pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi. Koma kusintha kwa moyo ndi kuwongolera zakudya kumakhalabe gawo lofunikira komanso lothandiza panjira yathunthu yothana ndi cholesterol yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi chiwindi.

Kupewa

Zomwe zikusonyeza momwe mungachepetsere kuchuluka kwama cholesterol m'magazi ndi kusintha kwa zakudya ndi moyo:

Bernstein akuwonetsa kuti malangizo a moyoyu ndiupangiri wabwino kwa aliyense amene akuyesetsa kuti asayang'ane cholesterol, kuphatikiza omwe ali ndi vuto lomwe limayambitsa matenda a chiwindi.