Mndandanda wa Mankhwala a Khunyu ndi Khunyu

Zamkati

• AEDs apakatikati
• Carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Tegretol, Epitol, Equetro)
• Clobazam (Onfi)
• Diazepam (Valium, Diastat)
• Chimbalangondo (Depakote)
• Eslicarbazepine nthochi (Aptiom)
• Ma AED otakata
• Clonazepam (Klonopin)
• Clorazepate (Tranxene-T)
• Ezogabine (Potiga)
• Felbamate (Felbatol)
• Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
• Levetiracetam (Keppra, Spritam)
• Chilala (Ativan)
• Primidone (Mysoline)
• Topiramate (Topamax, Qudexy XR, Trokendi XR)
• Valproic acid (Depacon, Depakene, Depakote, Stavzor)
• Zonisamide (Zonegran)
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Chiyambi

Khunyu amachititsa ubongo wanu kutumiza zizindikiro zosazolowereka. Ntchitoyi ingayambitse kugwidwa. Kugwidwa kumatha kuchitika pazifukwa zingapo, monga kuvulala kapena matenda. Khunyu ndi vuto lomwe limayambitsa kugwa mobwerezabwereza. Pali mitundu ingapo ya khunyu. Ambiri mwa iwo amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu.

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matendawa amatchedwa antiepileptic drug (AEDs). Malinga ndi National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, pali mankhwala opitilira 20 a AED omwe amapezeka. Zosankha zanu zimadalira msinkhu wanu, moyo wanu, mtundu wa kugwidwa komwe muli nako, komanso kuti mumagwidwa kangati. Ngati ndinu mkazi, nawonso amadalira mwayi wanu woyembekezera.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala olanda: AEDs opapatiza ndi ma AED otakata. Anthu ena angafunikire kumwa mankhwala opitilira umodzi kuti asakomoke.

AEDs apakatikati

Ma AED ochepetsetsa adapangidwa kuti azigwidwa. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati khunyu lanu limachitika mgulu linalake la ubongo wanu pafupipafupi. Nawa ma AEDs opapatiza, olembedwa mwachidule:

Carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Tegretol, Epitol, Equetro)

Carbamazepine amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kukomoka komwe kumachitika pakanthawi kochepa. Mankhwalawa amathanso kuthandizira kuthana ndi sekondale, pang'ono, komanso kotsitsimula. Amagwirizana ndi mankhwala ena ambiri. Onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa.

Clobazam (Onfi)

Clobazam imathandizira kupewa kukomoka, kwachiwiri, komanso kugwa pang'ono. Ndi za gulu la mankhwala otchedwa benzodiazepines. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito potopetsa, kugona, komanso kuda nkhawa. Malinga ndi Epilepsy Foundation, mankhwalawa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana aang'ono ngati zaka 2. Nthawi zina, mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa khungu lalikulu.

Diazepam (Valium, Diastat)

Diazepam imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kugwirana kwa masango ndi kwakanthawi. Mankhwalawa alinso benzodiazepine.

Chimbalangondo (Depakote)

Divalproex (Depakote) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi kupezeka, pang'ono, kovuta pang'ono, komanso khunyu kangapo. Zimapangitsa kupezeka kwa gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA ndi neurotransmitter yoletsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti imachepetsa kuzungulira kwa mitsempha. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kugwidwa.

Eslicarbazepine nthochi (Aptiom)

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kugwidwa pang'ono. Amaganiziridwa kuti amagwira ntchito potseka njira za sodium. Kuchita izi kumachepetsa kuphulika kwa mitsempha pakukomoka.

Ma AED otakata

Ngati muli ndi mitundu ingapo yolanda, AED ingakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yosankhira mankhwala. Mankhwalawa adapangidwa kuti aziteteza kugwidwa m'malo opitilira gawo limodzi laubongo. Kumbukirani kuti ma AED opapatiza amangogwira gawo limodzi lamaubongo. Ma AED apakatikatiwa amalembedwa mwachidule ndi mayina awo achibadwa.

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

Clonazepam ndi benzodiazepine wokhalitsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mitundu yambiri yakugwa. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugundika kwa myoclonic, akinetic, komanso kusapezeka.

Clorazepate (Tranxene-T)

Clorazepate ndi benzodiazepine. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chowonjezera pakukomoka pang'ono.

Ezogabine (Potiga)

AED iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chowonjezera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagulu wamba, owonetsa, komanso ovuta. Sizimveka bwino momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Zimayambitsa njira za potaziyamu. Izi zimakhazikika pakuwombera kwanu kwa neuron.

Mankhwalawa atha kukhudza diso la diso lanu ndikupweteketsa masomphenya. Chifukwa cha izi, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha mutayankha mankhwala ena. Ngati dokotala akupatsani mankhwalawa, mufunika kuyezetsa maso miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Ngati mankhwalawa sakukuthandizani pa mulingo wambiri, dokotala wanu amasiya mankhwala anu. Izi ndikuti tipewe zovuta zamaso.

Felbamate (Felbatol)

Felbamate imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya kugwidwa kwa anthu omwe samvera mankhwala ena. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala amodzi kapena kuphatikiza mankhwala ena. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene mankhwala ena alephera. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso chiwindi.

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

Lamotrigine (Lamictal) amatha kuthana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana akhunyu. Anthu omwe amamwa mankhwalawa ayenera kuwunika matenda akhungu osowa kwambiri omwe amatchedwa Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira khungu lanu.

Levetiracetam (Keppra, Spritam)

Levetiracetam ndi njira yoyamba yothandizira anthu ambiri, osakondera, osowa, komanso mitundu ina ya khunyu. Malinga ndi, mankhwalawa amatha kuchiza khunyu mwa anthu amibadwo yonse. Mankhwalawa amathanso kuyambitsa zovuta zochepa kuposa mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito khunyu.

Chilala (Ativan)

Lorazepam (Ativan) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a khunyu (kugwidwa kwanthawi yayitali, kovuta). Ndi mtundu wa benzodiazepine.

Primidone (Mysoline)

Primidone imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza myoclonic, tonic-clonic, komanso khunyu. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza ana myoclonic khunyu.

Topiramate (Topamax, Qudexy XR, Trokendi XR)

Topiramate imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala amodzi kapena osakanikirana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amtundu uliwonse kwa akulu ndi ana.

Valproic acid (Depacon, Depakene, Depakote, Stavzor)

Valproic acid ndi wamba wamba wa AED. Zimavomerezedwa kuti zithetse khunyu zambiri. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito paokha kapena mophatikiza mankhwala. Valproic acid imakulitsa kupezeka kwa GABA. GABA yochulukirapo imathandizira kukhazika mtima pansi kwamitsempha yolumikizana.

Zonisamide (Zonegran)

Zonisamide (Zonegran) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khunyu pang'ono ndi mitundu ina ya khunyu. Komabe, zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina. Izi zikuphatikiza zovuta zamaganizidwe, kuonda, ndi miyala ya impso.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Musanatenge AED, lankhulani ndi adokotala za zovuta zomwe zingayambitse. Ma AED ena amatha kupangitsa kuti anthu azidwaladwala. Gwiritsani ntchito nkhaniyi ngati malo olumpha kuti mufunse adotolo kuti mumve zambiri. Kugwira ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kungakuthandizeni nonse kusankha mankhwala olanda omwe angakhale abwino kwa inu.