Kodi Meningitis, Zoyambitsa ndi Momwe Mungadzitetezere Nokha

Zamkati

• Zomwe zimayambitsa meninjaitisi
• Mukayamba kukayika meninjaitisi
• Momwe mungapezere
• Momwe mungadzitetezere
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Meningitis ndikutupa kwakukulu kwa ma meninges, omwe ndi nembanemba yomwe imayendetsa ubongo ndi msana wonse, ndikupanga zizindikiro monga kupweteka mutu, malungo, nseru ndi khosi lolimba, mwachitsanzo.

Popeza ndikutupa komwe kumakhudza ziwalo zaubongo, meningitis iyenera kudziwika posachedwa, ndi dokotala kapena katswiri wazamaubongo, kuyambitsa chithandizo ndikuletsa kukula kwa kuvulala komwe kumatha kubweretsa sequelae osatha kapena imfa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa meninjaitisi

Kutupa kwa meninges nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda amadzimadzi am'magazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha imodzi mwazinthu zazing'ono:

• Kachilombo, kuchititsa matenda oumitsa khosi;
• Mabakiteriya, kupanga bakiteriya meningitis;
• Bowa, kuchititsa fungal meningitis;
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana.

Kuphatikiza apo, sitiroko yamphamvu, mankhwala ena komanso mitundu ina ya matenda osachiritsika, monga lupus, kapena khansa imatha kuyambitsanso matenda am'mimba, osakhala ndi matenda enaake.

Popeza mankhwalawa amasiyana malinga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa, ndikofunikira kuti adokotala azindikire mtundu wa meningitis kuti ayambe chithandizo choyenera kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pankhani ya meningitis ya bakiteriya nthawi zambiri pamafunika kupanga maantibayotiki, pomwe fungal ndiyofunikira kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa antifungal, mwachitsanzo.

Dziwani zambiri za mitundu ya meningitis.

Mukayamba kukayika meninjaitisi

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingasonyeze kuti mwina meninjaitisi ndi monga:

• Malungo pamwamba 38ºC;
• Mutu wopweteka kwambiri;
• Kuuma kwa khosi, movutikira kupumula chibwano pachifuwa;
• Wofiira mawanga pa thupi;
• Hypersensitivity kuunika;
• Kugona kwambiri movutikira kudzuka;
• Chisokonezo;
• Kugwedezeka.

Kwa khanda ndi mwanayo, zisonyezero zina zitha kuonekanso zomwe zimapangitsa makolo kukayikira kuti mwina angadwale matenda am'mimba monga kulira mokweza, kupsa mtima msanga, kuvutikira mutu, komanso malo ofewa owoneka pang'ono, akuwoneka kuti atupa pang'ono.

Momwe mungapezere

Kutumiza kwa meningitis kumatha kusiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu wa tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa kutupa. Pankhani ya matenda a meningitis, chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV chimakhala chochepa kwambiri chifukwa, ngakhale kuti kachilomboko kangadutse kwa munthu winayo, kawirikawiri sikumayambitsa matenda a meningitis, koma matenda ena, monga mumps kapena chikuku, mwachitsanzo, kutengera mtundu kachilombo.

Pankhani ya meningitis yoyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya, kufala kumeneku kumakhala kosavuta ndipo kumatha kuchitika pogawana chakudya chimodzi kapena madontho amate, omwe amatha kudutsa kutsokomola, kuyetsemula, kupsompsona kapena kuyankhula, mwachitsanzo. Kuphatikiza apo, munthu wodwalayo akagwiritsa ntchito bafa ndipo samasamba m'manja moyenera, amathanso kufalitsa mabakiteriya.

Kugwirana chanza, kukumbatirana komanso kugawana zinthu zambiri sizili pachiwopsezo chathanzi.

Momwe mungadzitetezere

Njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ku meningitis ndiyo kukhala ndi katemera, womwe umateteza kuzilombo zazikulu zomwe zingayambitse matendawa. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale munthu atakumana ndi ma virus kapena mabakiteriya omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa matenda a meningitis, chiopsezo chotenga matendawa ndi chotsika kwambiri. Dziwani zambiri za mitundu yayikulu ya katemera wa meningitis komanso nthawi yomwe mungamwe.

Kuphatikiza apo, njira zina zomwe zimathandizanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga meninjaitisi ndi monga:

• Pewani kucheza kwambiri ndi anthu odwala;
• Sambani m'manja mutakhala m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri;
• Pewani kusuta.

Anthu omwe ali ndi meningitis amayeneranso kusamala kuti asatenge matendawa, monga kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi, kupewa kupita m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri ndikuphimba pakamwa ndi mphuno akamatsokomola kapena kuyetsemula, mwachitsanzo.

Onerani vidiyo yotsatirayi ndikuwona momwe mungasambitsire manja anu moyenera komanso kufunika kwake popewa matenda opatsirana:

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha meningitis chimadalira chifukwa chake ndipo chitha kuchiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki, anti-virus mankhwala kapena corticosteroids kuchipatala. Mankhwala ena omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu bacterial meningitis ndi cefotaxime ndi ampicillin, kapena acyclovir, ngati ali ndi matenda a meningitis, komanso kutengera kukula kwa matendawa, wodwalayo akhoza kusungidwa m'chipinda cha Intensive Care Unit.

Chithandizo chiyenera kuyambitsidwa mwachangu kuti muchepetse ziwopsezo. Kutalika kwa chithandizo cha meningitis ndi masiku pafupifupi 5 mpaka 10, ndipo m'maola 24 oyamba, munthuyo ayenera kukhala yekhayekha kuti apewe kufalitsa matendawa kwa ena. Ndikofunika kuwunika anzanu ndi abale anu masiku osachepera 10, chifukwa atha kukhala kuti ali ndi kachilombo kale.

Ngati mankhwalawa sanayambike bwino, sequelae yokhazikika imatha kuchitika, monga kutaya masomphenya kapena kumva. Onani zambiri za momwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya meningitis imathandizidwira.