Kagayidwe kachakudya Alkalosis

Zamkati

• Kodi metabolic alkalosis ndi chiyani?
• Chithandizo cha kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis
• Mankhwala a kloride
• Kulimbana ndi mankhwala enaake
• Zizindikiro za kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis
• Momwe thupi limalipirira kagayidwe kabwino ka alkalosis
• Malipiro am'mapapo
• Kubwezera impso
• Zimayambitsa kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis
• Kuzindikira kwa kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis
• Kumvetsetsa milingo ya pH
• Kusanthula kwamkodzo
• Kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis ndi hypochloremia
• Maonekedwe a kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis

Kodi metabolic alkalosis ndi chiyani?

Metabolic alkalosis ndimikhalidwe yomwe imachitika magazi anu akakhala amchere kwambiri. Zamchere ndizosiyana ndi acidic.

Thupi lathu limagwira bwino ntchito pamene magazi a acidic-alkaline m'magazi athu amangopendekekera pang'ono kumchere.

Alkalosis imachitika thupi lanu likakhala ndi:

• ion bicarbonate ochuluka kwambiri
• ma ayoni a hydrogen ochepa kwambiri omwe amapanga asidi

Anthu ambiri samakumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za kagayidwe kachakudya, choncho mwina simukudziwa kuti muli nawo.

Metabolic alkalosis ndi imodzi mwamagawo anayi akuluakulu a alkalosis. Pali mitundu iwiri ya kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis:

• Mankhwala otchedwa chloride alkalosis zotsatira za kutayika kwa ayoni wa haidrojeni, nthawi zambiri amasanza kapena kutaya madzi m'thupi.
• Chloride zosagwira alkalosis zotsatira thupi lanu likasunga ayoni a bicarbonate (alkaline) ochuluka kwambiri, kapena pakakhala kusintha kwa ayoni wa haidrojeni kuchokera m'magazi anu kupita m'maselo anu.

Palinso vuto lotchedwa metabolic acidosis lomwe limachitika magazi anu kapena madzi akakhala acidic mopitirira muyeso.

Thupi lanu limakwaniritsa zonse alkalosis ndi acidosis makamaka kudzera m'mapapu anu. Mapapu amasintha kuchuluka kwa magazi anu polola kuti mpweya woipa uwonongeke mukamapuma. Impso zimathandizanso poletsa kuthetsedwa kwa ma bicarbonate ions.

Chithandizo chimafunikira pomwe njira zachilengedwe izi zakulipirira sizokwanira.

Chithandizo cha kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis

Chithandizo cha metabolic alkalosis chimatengera ngati alkalosis yanu ili
Mankhwala a mankhwala enaake osagwira mankhwala enaake. Zimadaliranso chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa alkalosis.

Mankhwala a kloride

Ngati muli ndi alkalosis yochepa chabe ya chloride, mungafunikire kusintha zakudya zanu, monga kuwonjezera mchere wambiri (sodium chloride). Ma ayoni a chloride angapangitse magazi anu kukhala acidic komanso kuchepetsa alkalosis.

Ngati dokotala atazindikira kuti alkalosis ikufunika kuyang'aniridwa mwachangu, atha kukupatsani IV (kukapanda kulowetsa mkati) komwe kuli mchere wamchere (sodium chloride).

IV ndi njira yopanda ululu. Zimaphatikizira kulowetsa singano yaying'ono mumitsempha m'manja mwanu. Singanoyo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chubu kupita kuchikwama chosabala chomwe chili ndi mchere wosungunuka m'madzi. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri kuchipatala.

Kulimbana ndi mankhwala enaake

Ngati muli ndi alkalosis yolimbana ndi mankhwala enaake, thupi lanu limatha potaziyamu. Mankhwala a sodium chloride sangakuthandizeni ndipo angapangitse zinthu kuipiraipira. Dokotala wanu m'malo mwake adzafunafuna njira zowonjezera potaziyamu.

Mutha kuwonjezera potaziyamu yanu ndi:

• kumwa mapiritsi okhala ndi potaziyamu mankhwala enaake kawiri kapena kanayi patsiku (motsogozedwa ndi dokotala)
• kulandira potaziyamu mankhwala enaake kudzera m'mitsempha

Zizindikiro za kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis singawonetse zisonyezo zilizonse. Anthu omwe ali ndi alkalosis yamtunduwu nthawi zambiri amadandaula pazomwe zikuyambitsa. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• kusanza
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kutupa m'miyendo yakumunsi (zotumphukira edema)
• kutopa

Matenda owopsa a metabolic alkalosis amatha kuyambitsa:

• kubvutika
• kusokonezeka
• kugwidwa
• chikomokere

Zizindikiro zazikulu ndizofala kwambiri pomwe alkalosis imayambitsidwa ndi matenda a chiwindi.

Momwe thupi limalipirira kagayidwe kabwino ka alkalosis

Ziwalo ziwiri zimathandizira kuthana ndi kagayidwe kabwino ka alkalosis - mapapu ndi impso zathu.

Malipiro am'mapapo

Thupi lathu limapanga kaboni dayokisaidi tikamasintha chakudya chomwe timadya kukhala mphamvu m'maselo athu. Maselo ofiira ofiira m'mitsempha mwathu amatenga kaboni dayokisaidi ndipo amapita nawo kumapapu athu kuti akatulutsidwe.

Gasi ya carbon dioxide ikasakanikirana ndi madzi omwe ali m'magazi, amapanga asidi wofatsa, wotchedwa carbonic acid. Carbonic acid imasiyananso mu bicarbonate ion ndi hydrogen. Ma bicarbonate ions ndi amchere.

Posintha kupuma, titha kukweza kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma ayoni a bicarbonate ions omwe amasungidwa m'magazi athu. Thupi limachita izi zokha popanga chipukuta misozi. Ili ndi yankho loyamba komanso lofulumira kwambiri mthupi.

Pofuna kubwezera alkalosis, zikwangwani zimatumizidwa kuti zichepetse kupuma.

Kubwezera impso

Impso zimatha kuthana ndi alkalosis powonjezera kutulutsa kwa ma bicarbonate ions kudzera mumkodzo. Izi ndizonso zodziwikiratu, koma zimachedwa pang'onopang'ono kuposa chindapusa.

Zimayambitsa kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis

Zinthu zingapo zosiyana zimatha kuyambitsa kagayidwe kabwino ka alkalosis. Izi zikuphatikiza:

Kutayika kwa zidulo zam'mimba. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha kagayidwe kachakudya. Nthawi zambiri amabweretsedwa ndi kusanza kapena kuyamwa kudzera mu chubu chodyetsera mphuno.

Timadziti ta m'mimba timakhala ndi asidi wambiri wa asidi.Kutayika kwake kumayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa magazi.

Kusanza kumatha kubwera chifukwa cha zovuta zilizonse zam'mimba. Pozindikira ndikuchiza zomwe zimayambitsa kusanza, dokotala wanu adzachiritsa kagayidwe kachakudya kameneka.

Kuchuluka kwa antacids. Kugwiritsa ntchito maantacid sikungayambitse kagayidwe kachakudya. Koma ngati muli ndi impso zofooka kapena zolephera ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osavomerezeka, amatha kubweretsa alkalosis. Maantacids osasunthika amakhala ndi aluminium hydroxide kapena magnesium hydroxide.

Okodzetsa. Ma diuretics ena (mapiritsi amadzi) omwe amapatsidwa kuti azithamanga magazi amatha kuyambitsa kutulutsa kwa mkodzo acid Kuchulukanso kwa asidi mumkodzo kumatha kupangitsa magazi anu kukhala amchere kwambiri.

Ngati alkalosis imawonekera mukamamwa mankhwala monga thiazide kapena loop diuretics, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupemphani kuti musiye.

Kuperewera kwa potaziyamu (hypokalemia). Kuperewera kwa potaziyamu kumatha kuyambitsa mavitamini a haidrojeni omwe amapezeka mumadzimadzi ozungulira maselo anu kuti amasunthe mkati mwamaselo. Kupezeka kwa ayoni wa haidrojeni acid kumapangitsa kuti madzi ndi magazi anu akhale amchere kwambiri.

Kuchepetsa magazi m'magazi (EABV). Izi zimatha kubwera kuchokera kumtima wofooka komanso ku chiwindi cha chiwindi. Magazi ochepetsedwa amasokoneza thupi lanu kuti lithe kuchotsa ma ayoni a bicarbonate ions.

Mtima, impso, kapena chiwindi kulephera. Metabolic alkalosis imatha chifukwa cha kulephera kwa chiwalo chachikulu, monga mtima wanu, impso, kapena chiwindi. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa potaziyamu.

Mchere wothira mchere (sodium chloride) ungapangitse zinthu kuipiraipira ndikupangitsa kuti thupi lanu lisunge madzi popanda kuchotsa ayoni a bicarbonate omwe akuyambitsa alkalosis.

Zomwe zimayambitsa. Nthawi zina, jini lobadwa limatha kukhala chifukwa cha kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis. Matenda asanu obadwa nawo omwe angayambitse kagayidwe kachakudya ndi:

• Matenda a Bartter
• Matenda a Gitelman
• Matenda a Liddle
• glucocorticoid remdable aldosteronism
• Zikuwoneka kuti mineralocorticoid yochulukirapo

Kuzindikira kwa kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis

Poyamba kudziwa, dokotala wanu adzakutengani mbiri yanu yachipatala ndikukuyesani.

Ngati akuganiza kuti alkalosis, ayesedwa magazi anu ndi mkodzo. Adzawona milingo ya oxygen ndi carbon dioxide m'mitsempha yanu ndikuyesa acidity ndi kufanana kwa magazi anu.

Kumvetsetsa milingo ya pH

Acidity kapena alkalinity wamadzi amayeza pamlingo wotchedwa pH. Mu metabolic alkalosis, pH yamagazi anu ndiyokwera.

Chinthu chosalowerera ndale kwambiri, madzi, chimakhala ndi pH ya 7. PH ya madzi ikagwa pansi pa 7, imakhala yamchere. Ikakwera pamwamba pa 7, imakhala yamchere.

Magazi anu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi pH kuyambira 7.35 mpaka 7.45, kapena pang'ono zamchere. PH ikakwera kwambiri kuposa mulingo uwu, mumakhala ndi kagayidwe kabwino ka alkalosis.

Kusanthula kwamkodzo

Dokotala wanu amathanso kuyesa kuchuluka kwa ma chloride ndi ma potaziyamu ayoni mumkodzo wanu.

Mlingo wa chloride ukakhala wochepa, zimawonetsa kuti mutha kuyankha mankhwala ndi mankhwala amchere. Kuchepetsa potaziyamu kumatha kuwonetsa kusowa kwa potaziyamu kapena kumwa mopitirira muyeso mankhwala amadzimadzi.

Kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis ndi hypochloremia

Hypochloremia amatanthauza kuti mulibe kloridi ion wochepa kwambiri m'magazi anu.

Hypochloremic alkalosis ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe lingakudabwitseni. Zitha kubwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi komanso zifukwa zina.

Mwamwayi, imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala amchere amchere. Izi zitha kuperekedwa ndi IV ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu, kapena kusintha kwa kadyedwe kanu pang'ono.

Maonekedwe a kagayidwe kachakudya alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis imabwera chifukwa cha kusanza komwe kumakupangitsani kutaya madzi amchere m'mimba mwanu. Izi zimatha kusinthidwa ndimankhwala amchere amchere.

Zitha kukhalanso zotsatira za kuchepa kwa potaziyamu kapena kusowa kwa mankhwala enaake. Zofooka izi zitha kuchiritsidwa ndi madzi am'mitsempha kapena, pofatsa, ndikusintha zakudya.

Matenda ena a alkalosis amayamba chifukwa cha mtima, impso, kapena chiwindi. Ngakhale kuti alkalosis imatha kusinthidwa kwakanthawi kochepa, vutoli liyenera kuthandizidwa kuti likhale chithandizo chamuyaya.

Onani dokotala ngati mukukumana ndi zatsopano kapena zosatha.