Momwe Khansa ya Chiwindi Imafalikira: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Kodi khansa ya chiwindi imafalikira motani?
• Kodi magawo a khansa ya chiwindi amatanthauza chiyani?
• Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa gawo lachipatala ndi gawo lamatenda?
• Ndi mayeso ati omwe angawonetse ngati khansa ya chiwindi ikufalikira?

Maganizo anu ndi chithandizo cha khansa ya chiwindi chimadalira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza momwe zafalikira.

Phunzirani za momwe khansa ya chiwindi imafalikira, mayesero omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe izi, komanso gawo lililonse limatanthauza.

Kodi khansa ya chiwindi imafalikira motani?

Maselo a matupi athu ali ndi dongosolo lokhazikika ndikukula. Maselo atsopano amapangidwa kuti alowe m'malo mwa maselo akale akamwalira. Kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa DNA kumabweretsa kupanga kwama cell osazolowereka. Koma chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri yowasamalira. Ndi machitidwe omwe amatitumikira bwino.

Maselo a khansa samatsatira malamulowa. Chimodzi mwazosazolowereka zawo ndikuti amapitilizabe kuberekana ngakhale ma cell akale sakufa.

Kukula kosalamulirika kwamaselo achilendo ndipomwe kumapanga chotupa. Ndipo chifukwa zimaberekana, zimatha kufalitsa (kufalitsa) kwanuko ndi malo akutali.

Khansa ya chiwindi, monga mitundu ina ya khansa, imafalikira m'njira zitatu.

• Kupyolera mu minofu. Maselo a khansa amachokera pachotupa chachikulu m'chiwindi ndikupanga zotupa zatsopano m'matumba oyandikira.
• Mu dongosolo lamitsempha. Maselo a khansa amalowa m'mitsempha yapafupi. Kamodzi mumatumbo, maselo a khansa amatha kunyamulidwa kumadera ena a thupi.
• Kupyolera mu kayendedwe ka magazi. Maselo a khansa amalowa m'magazi, omwe amanyamula thupi lonse. Kulikonse panjira, amatha kukhazikitsa zotupa zatsopano ndikupitiliza kukula ndikufalikira.

Ziribe kanthu komwe zotupa zanu za metastatic zimapangika, akadali khansa ya chiwindi ndipo adzachitiridwa motero.

Kodi magawo a khansa ya chiwindi amatanthauza chiyani?

Palibe zoyeserera zowunika za khansa ya chiwindi. Chifukwa sikuti nthawi zonse zimayambitsa zizindikilo kapena zizolowezi zoyambirira, zotupa za chiwindi zimatha kukula kwambiri zisanatulukiridwe.

Khansa ya chiwindi yakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito "TNM" system:

• T (chotupa) chimasonyeza kukula kwa chotupa choyambirira.
• N (mfundo) imafotokoza kutengapo gawo kwa ma lymph node.
• M (metastasis) imayimira ngati khansara yasintha kwambiri.

Izi zikadziwika, dokotala wanu amatha kupatsa khansa gawo kuyambira 1 mpaka 4, pomwe gawo 4 ndilo labwino kwambiri. Magawo awa akhoza kukupatsani lingaliro la zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera.

Pankhani ya chithandizo, madokotala nthawi zina amasankha khansa ya chiwindi potengera momwe ingachotsedwere:

• Zothekanso kugulitsanso kapena kusintha. Khansara imatha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu pakuchita opareshoni, kapena ndiwe woyenera kupatsirana chiwindi.
• Zosasintha. Khansara siinafalikire kunja kwa chiwindi, koma singathenso kuchotsedwanso. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa khansa imapezeka m'chiwindi chonse kapena ili pafupi kwambiri ndi mitsempha yayikulu, mitsempha, kapena zinthu zina zofunika monga mabala a bile.
• Sangathe kuthandizidwa ndi matenda am'deralo okha. Khansara ndi yaying'ono ndipo sinafalikire, koma simuli woyenera kuchita opareshoni ya chiwindi. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa chiwindi chanu sichikhala chokwanira kapena chifukwa muli ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo omwe angapangitse kuti opaleshoni ikhale yoopsa kwambiri.
• Zapamwamba. Khansara yafalikira kupitirira chiwindi kulowa m'mitsempha kapena ziwalo zina. Ndizosagwira.

Khansa yaposachedwa ya chiwindi ndi khansa yomwe yabwerera mukamaliza mankhwala.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa gawo lachipatala ndi gawo lamatenda?

Kuyezetsa thupi, kuyerekezera kulingalira, kuyesa magazi, ndi kupimitsa zonse zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga khansa ya chiwindi. Gawo ili limatchedwa gawo lazachipatala, ndipo ndizothandiza posankha mtundu woyenera wamankhwala.

Gawo lathanzi ndilolondola kuposa gawo lazachipatala. Zitha kutsimikizika pambuyo pakuchitidwa opaleshoni. Pochita izi, dokotalayo amatha kuwona ngati pali khansa yambiri kuposa momwe angawonere poyesa kujambula. Ma lymph node apafupi amathanso kufufuzidwa ngati ma cell a khansa apereka chithunzi chathunthu. Gawo la matendawa mwina lingakhale losiyana ndi gawo lazachipatala.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe angawonetse ngati khansa ya chiwindi ikufalikira?

Mukapezeka ndi khansa ya chiwindi, dokotala wanu adzayesa kudziwa siteji, yomwe ingakuthandizeni kudziwa momwe zakhalira.

Kutengera ndi zomwe mwapeza ndikuwunika thupi, dokotala wanu amasankha mayeso oyenera kuti azindikire zotupa zina. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• computed tomography scan (CT scan, yomwe kale inkatchedwa CAT scans)
• kujambula kwa maginito (MRI scan)
• positron emission tomography (PET kusanthula)
• X-ray
• akupanga
• biopsy ya chotupacho, chomwe chingathandize kudziwa momwe khansayo iliri yovuta komanso ngati ingafalikire mwachangu

Ngati mwamaliza kulandira chithandizo, mayeserowa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti muwone ngati angabwererenso.