Myocarditis: chimene icho chiri, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Momwe mungachiritse myocarditis
• Zotsatira zotheka

Myocarditis ndikutupa kwa minofu yamtima yomwe imatha kutuluka ngati zovuta pamatenda osiyanasiyana mthupi, kuchititsa zizindikilo monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma pang'ono kapena chizungulire.

Nthaŵi zambiri, myocarditis imabwera pakakhala kachilombo ka HIV, monga chimfine kapena nthomba, koma imatha kuchitika pakakhala kachilombo ka bakiteriya kapena bowa, momwe zimafunikira kuti kachilomboka kakule kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, myocarditis imatha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda omwe amadzitchinjiriza, monga Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena ndikumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.

Myocarditis imachiritsidwa ndipo nthawi zambiri imasowa matendawa akachira, komabe, kutupa kwa mtima kumakhala kwakukulu kapena sikukutha, kungakhale kofunika kukhala mchipatala.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Nthawi zovuta, monga chimfine kapena chimfine, mwachitsanzo, myocarditis siyimayambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, pazochitika zoopsa kwambiri, monga matenda a bakiteriya, zotsatirazi zingawoneke:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa;
• Kugunda kwamtima kosasintha;
• Kumva kupuma movutikira;
• Kutopa kwambiri;
• Kutupa kwa miyendo ndi mapazi;
• Chizungulire.

Kwa ana, mbali inayi, zizindikilo zina zitha kuwoneka, monga kuchuluka kwa malungo, kupuma mwachangu ndi kukomoka. Zikatero, tikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi dokotala wa ana nthawi yomweyo kuti awone vutoli ndikuyambitsa chithandizo choyenera.

Popeza myocarditis imawonekera panthawi yomwe munthu ali ndi matenda, zizindikilozo zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira, chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kupita kuchipatala zizindikilozo zitakhala masiku opitilira 3, chifukwa cha kutupa kwa minofu yamtima, mtima umayamba zovuta kupopera magazi bwino, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa arrhythmia ndi mtima kulephera, mwachitsanzo.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Pomwe akuganiza kuti myocarditis imakayikiridwa, katswiri wamtima amatha kuyitanitsa mayeso ena monga chifuwa cha X-ray, electrocardiogram kapena echocardiogram kuti azindikire kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito amtima. Kuyesaku ndikofunikira makamaka chifukwa zizindikilozo zimangoyambitsidwa ndi matenda mthupi, osasintha pamtima.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso ena a labotale nthawi zambiri amafunsidwa kuti aone momwe mtima ukugwirira ntchito komanso kuthekera kwa matenda, monga VSH, muyeso wa PCR, leukogram komanso kusungidwa kwa mtima, monga CK-MB ndi Troponin. Dziwani mayesero omwe amayesa mtima.

Momwe mungachiritse myocarditis

Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimachitika kunyumba ndi kupumula kuti mupewe kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndi mtima. Komabe, munthawi imeneyi, matenda omwe adayambitsa myocarditis ayeneranso kuthandizidwa mokwanira, chifukwa chake, kungakhale kofunikira kumwa maantibayotiki, ma antifungals kapena antivirals, mwachitsanzo.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati zizindikilo za myocarditis zikuwonekera kapena ngati kutupa kumalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa mtima, katswiri wazamtima angalimbikitse kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga:

• Zithandizo Zothamanga Kwambiri, monga captopril, ramipril kapena losartan: amatsitsimutsa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuthandizira kufalikira kwa magazi, kumachepetsa zizindikilo monga kupweteka pachifuwa ndi kupuma movutikira;
• Beta-blockers, monga metoprolol kapena bisoprolol: kuthandizira kulimbikitsa mtima, kuwongolera kugunda kosasinthasintha;
• Okodzetsa, monga furosemide: chotsani madzi owonjezera mthupi, kuchepetsa kutupa kwamiyendo ndikuthandizira kupuma.

Pazovuta kwambiri, momwe myocarditis imasinthira magwiridwe antchito amtima, pangafunike kukhala mchipatala kuti mupange mankhwala mwachindunji mumtsempha kapena kuyika zida, zofananira ndi pacemaker, zomwe zimathandiza mtima ntchito.

Nthawi zina, pomwe kutupa kwa mtima kumawopseza moyo, pangafunike kukhala ndi mtima wowopsa.

Zotsatira zotheka

Nthawi zambiri, myocarditis imasowa osasiya mtundu uliwonse wa sequelae, ndizofala kwambiri kuti munthu samadziwa kuti ali ndi vuto la mtima.

Komabe, kutupa kwamtima kukakhala kovuta kwambiri, kumatha kusiya zotupa zokhazikika muminyewa yamtima zomwe zimayambitsa matenda monga mtima kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zikatero, katswiri wa zamagetsi amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa miyezi ingapo kapena kwa moyo wonse, kutengera kulimba kwake.

Onani mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi.