Thandizo lowonjezera la COPD: Mafunso a Dokotala Wanu

Zamkati

• Kodi mankhwala owonjezera ndi otani?
• 1. Inhaler yowonjezera
• 2. Mankhwala apakamwa
• 3. Maantibayotiki
• 4. Chithandizo cha oxygen
• 5. Kukonzanso m'mapapo mwanga
• 6. Mucus wochepa thupi
• 7. Nebulizer
• Kodi zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala owonjezera ndi ati?
• Kodi mankhwala owonjezera ndi othandiza motani?
• Tengera kwina

Kukhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD) kungapangitse kuti kupuma kukhale kovuta. Mutha kukhala ndi nkhawa, kutsokomola, chifuwa, komanso zizindikilo zina zomwe zimakhudza moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku.

Ngakhale kulibe mankhwala a COPD, kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala ndikusintha moyenera moyo wanu kumatha kuthandizira kusamalira zizindikilo zanu ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi COPD yofatsa, kusiya ndudu mukasuta ndikupewa utsi wa fodya kungakhale kokwanira kuti muchepetse zizindikilo zanu. Ndi COPD yocheperako kapena yayikulu, dokotala wanu atha kukupatsani mankhwala kuti muchepetse minofu yomwe ikuzungulira komanso kupuma kwanu.

Ma bronchodilator nthawi zina amakhala njira yoyamba yodzitetezera kutsokomola kosalekeza komanso kupuma movutikira. Izi zikuphatikiza ma bronchodilator achidule ngati albuterol (ProAir) ndi levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA). Izi zimangotengedwa ngati njira yodzitetezera komanso isanachitike ntchito.

Ma bronchodilator omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku amaphatikizapo tiotropium (Spiriva), salmeterol (Serevent Diskus), ndi formoterol (Foradil). Ena mwa ma bronchodilator amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi corticosteroid yolembedwa.

Izi inhalers zimapereka mankhwala mwachindunji m'mapapu. Ndizothandiza, koma kutengera kulimba kwa COPD yanu, bronchodilator mwina siyokwanira kuthana ndi zizindikilo zanu. Mungafunike mankhwala owonjezera kuti muzitha kupuma bwino.

Kodi mankhwala owonjezera ndi otani?

Mankhwala owonjezera a COPD amatanthauza mankhwala aliwonse omwe awonjezedwa pano.

COPD imakhudza anthu mosiyanasiyana. Mankhwala omwe amagwirira ntchito munthu m'modzi sangathe kugwira ntchito kwa wina. Anthu ena amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino ndi bronchodilator inhaler yokha. Ena amafunikira chithandizo chowonjezera.

Ngati COPD yanu ikukulirakulira ndipo mukulephera kugwira ntchito zosavuta popanda kupuma movutikira kapena kutsokomola, mankhwala owonjezera angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikilo zanu.

Pali mitundu ingapo yamankhwala owonjezera a COPD. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni chithandizo chamankhwala kutengera kuopsa kwa matenda anu.

1. Inhaler yowonjezera

Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani inhaler ina kuti mutenge ndi bronchodilator yanu. Izi zimaphatikizapo steroid yosakanikirana kuti ichepetse kutupa munjira yanu yampweya. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito steroid inhaler, kapena kuphatikiza komwe kuli ndi mankhwala a bronchodilator ndi steroid. M'malo mogwiritsa ntchito ma inhalers awiri, muyenera kungogwiritsa ntchito imodzi.

2. Mankhwala apakamwa

Steroids yosakanikirana amalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi COPD. Ngati muli ndi ziphuphu zoopsa, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani steroid yapakamwa kwa masiku asanu kapena asanu ndi awiri.

Steroids pakamwa amachepetsanso kutupa kwapoyenda. Izi sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwakanthawi, chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zingachitike.

Chithandizo china chowonjezera chomwe mungamwe ndi bronchodilator ndi oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor (PDE4). Mankhwalawa amathandizanso kuchepetsa kutupa kwapanjira.

Muthanso kutenga theophylline kuti mupumulitse minofu mozungulira ma airways. Ichi ndi mtundu wa bronchodilator womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala owonjezera a COPD omwe samayang'aniridwa bwino. Nthawi zina zimaphatikizidwa ndi bronchodilator yochita mwachidule.

3. Maantibayotiki

Kupanga matenda opuma monga bronchitis, chibayo, kapena chimfine kumatha kukulitsa matenda a COPD.

Ngati mwakhala mukuwombera, kutsokomola, chifuwa, komanso zizindikilo ngati za chimfine, onani dokotala. Mungafunike maantibayotiki kuti muthane ndi matendawa ndikuthana ndi matenda anu a COPD.

4. Chithandizo cha oxygen

COPD yayikulu imatha kufuna oxygen yowonjezera kuti ipereke mpweya wowonjezera m'mapapu anu. Izi zitha kukhala zosavuta kumaliza ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku osapumira.

5. Kukonzanso m'mapapo mwanga

Ngati mukumva kupuma pang'ono mutatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kukwera masitepe, kapena kuchita khama, mutha kupindula ndi kukonzanso kwamapapo. Pulogalamu yamtunduwu imaphunzitsanso masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kupuma komwe kumalimbitsa mapapu anu ndikuchepetsa kupuma.

6. Mucus wochepa thupi

COPD itha kulimbikitsanso kupanga ntchofu. Kumwa madzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chopangira chinyezi kumatha kuchepa kapena kumasula mamina. Ngati izi sizikuthandizani, funsani dokotala wanu za mapiritsi a mucolytic.

Mapiritsi a Mucolytic adapangidwa kuti azikhala oonda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikho chikhale chosavuta. Zotsatira zoyipa za mamina opapatiza zimaphatikizapo zilonda zapakhosi komanso kuchuluka kwa kutsokomola.

7. Nebulizer

Mungafunike nebulizer pa COPD yovuta. Mankhwalawa amasintha mankhwala amadzimadzi kukhala nkhungu. Mudzalowetsa utsi kudzera mumaso. Nebulizers amatumiza mankhwala mwachindunji kumalo anu opuma.

Kodi zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala owonjezera ndi ati?

Musanasankhe mankhwala owonjezera a COPD, onetsetsani kuti mukumvetsetsa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chamankhwala ena. Zina ndizofatsa komanso zochepa pomwe thupi lanu limazolowera mankhwala.

Zotsatira zoyipa za steroids zimaphatikizapo chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo ndi kuvulaza. Kugwiritsa ntchito steroid kwa nthawi yayitali kumathandizanso kunenepa, matenda amaso, komanso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kufooka kwa mafupa.

Mankhwala apakamwa ngati PDE4 inhibitors atha kuyambitsa kutsekula m'mimba komanso kuwonda. Zotsatira zoyipa za theophylline zitha kuphatikizira nseru, kugunda kwamtima mwachangu, kunjenjemera, komanso kupweteka mutu.

Kodi mankhwala owonjezera ndi othandiza motani?

Cholinga cha mankhwala owonjezera a COPD ndikuthandizira kukulitsa. Ikhozanso kuchepetsa kukula kwa matenda.

Anthu samalandira chithandizo mosiyanasiyana. Mudzagwira ntchito limodzi ndi dokotala wanu kuti mupeze mankhwala owonjezera omwe ndi abwino kuwongolera zizindikilo zanu. Dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa mayeso am'mapapo kuti awone momwe mapapu anu amagwirira ntchito, kenako ndikulimbikitsani mankhwala owonjezera kutengera zotsatirazi.

Ngakhale kulibe mankhwala a COPD, chithandizo chitha kuthandiza anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli kukhala moyo wosangalala komanso wathunthu.

Tengera kwina

Ngati zizindikiro zanu za COPD sizinasinthe ndi chithandizo chanu chamakono, kapena chikuipiraipira, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Mankhwala owonjezera omwe amatengedwa ndi bronchodilator amatha kusintha magwiridwe antchito am'mapapu, kukulolani kuti mukhale ndi moyo wopanda kupuma, kutsokomola, kapena kupuma.