Myocarditis

Zamkati

• Kodi myocarditis ndi chiyani?
• Kodi chimayambitsa myocarditis ndi chiyani?
• Mavairasi
• Mabakiteriya
• Bowa
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
• Matenda osokoneza bongo
• Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
• Kodi amapezeka bwanji?
• Zovuta za myocarditis
• Kodi myocarditis imathandizidwa bwanji?
• Kodi zitha kupewedwa?
• Kodi malingaliro ake ndi otani?

Kodi myocarditis ndi chiyani?

Myocarditis ndi matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kutupa kwa minofu yamtima yotchedwa myocardium - chingwe chosanjikiza cha khoma la mtima. Minofuyi imathandizira kugwira ntchito komanso kumasuka kupopera magazi mkati ndi kunja kwa mtima komanso mthupi lonse.

Minofu iyi ikatupa, kuthekera kwake kutulutsa magazi kumachepa. Izi zimayambitsa mavuto monga kugunda kwamtima, kupweteka pachifuwa, kapena kupuma movutikira. Zikachitika kwambiri, zimatha kuyambitsa magazi kuundana komwe kumadzetsa matenda amtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima, kuwonongeka kwa mtima ndi kulephera kwa mtima, kapena kufa.

Nthawi zambiri, kutupa ndimayankha amthupi pamtundu uliwonse wamabala kapena matenda. Ingoganizirani mukadula chala chanu: munthawi yochepa, minofu yoyandikana ndi yotupa imafufuma ndikusandulika, zomwe ndizizindikiro zakutupa. Chitetezo cha mthupi mthupi lanu chimapanga maselo apadera kuti athamangire kumalo abalawo ndikukonzanso.

Koma nthawi zina chitetezo cha mthupi kapena chifukwa china cha kutupa kumabweretsa myocarditis.

Kodi chimayambitsa myocarditis ndi chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chenicheni cha myocarditis sichipezeka. Chifukwa cha myocarditis chikapezeka, nthawi zambiri chimakhala matenda omwe apita ku minofu ya mtima, monga matenda a ma virus (omwe amapezeka kwambiri) kapena bakiteriya, parasitic, kapena fungal matenda.

Pamene matenda akuyesera kugwira, chitetezo cha mthupi chimamenyananso, kuyesa kuchotsa matendawa. Izi zimabweretsa kuyankha kotupa komwe kumatha kufooketsa minofu ya mtima. Matenda ena amthupi okha, monga lupus (SLE), amatha kuyambitsa chitetezo cha mthupi motsutsana ndi mtima, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa komanso kuwonongeka kwa myocardial.

Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa myocarditis, koma omwe angakhale olakwawo akuphatikizanso zifukwa zotsatirazi.

Mavairasi

Malinga ndi Myocarditis Foundation, mavairasi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana myocarditis. Ma virus omwe amayamba chifukwa cha myocarditis ndi gulu la Coxsackievirus B (enterovirus), Human Herpes Virus 6, ndi Parvovirus B19 (yomwe imayambitsa matenda achisanu).

Zowonjezera zina zimaphatikizapo ma echoviruses (omwe amadziwika kuti amayambitsa matenda am'mimba), Epstein-Barr virus (imayambitsa matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis), ndi kachilombo ka Rubella (kamayambitsa chikuku cha Germany).

Mabakiteriya

Myocarditis amathanso chifukwa matenda a Staphylococcus aureus kapena Corynebacterium diptheriae. Staphylococcus aureus ndi bakiteriya yemwe amatha kuyambitsa impetigo ndikukhala mtundu wovuta wa methicillin (MRSA). Corynebacterium diptheriae ndi bakiteriya yemwe imayambitsa diphtheria, matenda opatsirana omwe amawononga ma tonsils ndi ma khosi.

Bowa

Matenda a yisiti, nkhungu, ndi bowa zina nthawi zina zimayambitsa myocarditis.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo tomwe timakhala ndi zamoyo zina kuti tikhale ndi moyo. Angayambitsenso myocarditis. Izi ndizochepa ku United States koma zimawoneka kwambiri ku Central ndi South America (komwe kuli majeremusi Trypanosoma cruzi imayambitsa matenda otchedwa Chagas).

Matenda osokoneza bongo

Matenda omwe amadziteteza okha omwe amachititsa kutupa m'mbali zina za thupi, monga nyamakazi ya nyamakazi kapena SLE, amathanso kuyambitsa myocarditis.

Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Choopsa chokhudza myocarditis ndikuti imatha kukhudza aliyense, imachitika msinkhu uliwonse, ndipo imatha kupitilira popanda kuwonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse. Ngati zizindikiro zikukula, nthawi zambiri zimafanana ndi zizindikilo zomwe munthu angakumane nazo ndi chimfine, monga:

• kutopa
• kupuma movutikira
• malungo
• kupweteka pamodzi
• zotupa zakumapeto
• kumva kupweteka pachifuwa

Nthawi zambiri, myocarditis imatha kuchepa yokha popanda chithandizo, monga kudula chala chanu kumachiritsa. Ngakhale zina zomwe zimatenga nthawi yayitali sizingapangitse kuti mwadzidzidzi mtima uwonongeke.

Koma, mwachinsinsi, zitha kuwononga minofu yamtima pomwe zizindikiro zakulephera kwa mtima zimawoneka pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Nthawi zina, mtima umathamanga ukaulula zovuta zake, ndizizindikiro monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kugundika kwa mtima, komanso kulephera kwa mtima.

Kodi amapezeka bwanji?

Ngakhale myocarditis ikhoza kukhala yovuta kuzindikira, dokotala wanu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso angapo kuti muchepetse komwe kumayambitsa matenda anu. Mayesowa akuphatikizapo:

• kuyezetsa magazi: kuwunika ngati ali ndi matenda kapena kutupa
• X-ray pachifuwa: kuwonetsa mawonekedwe amchifuwa komanso zizindikilo zakulephera kwa mtima
• zamagetsi (ECG): kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa mtima ndi ziwonetsero zomwe zitha kuwonetsa minofu yamtima yowonongeka
• kutuloji (kujambula kwa ultrasound pamtima): kuthandiza kuzindikira zovuta pamtima ndi zotengera zoyandikira
• kupweteka kwa m'mnyewa wamtima (zitsanzo za minofu ya mtima): Nthawi zina, amatha kuchitidwa pakuchepetsa mtima kwa mtima kuti adokotala athe kuwona pang'ono pang'ono pamtima pamtima

Zovuta za myocarditis

Myocarditis itha kuwononga kwambiri mtima. Kuyankha kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, chifukwa cha kachilombo kapena matenda ena omwe amayambitsa myocarditis, atha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu monga mankhwala ena kapena matenda amthupi omwe amatha kuyambitsa myocarditis. Izi zimatha kubweretsa kulephera kwamtima ndipo pamapeto pake kumwalira. Milanduyi ndiyosowa, chifukwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi myocarditis amachira ndikuyambiranso ntchito yamtima wathanzi.

Zovuta zina zimaphatikizaponso mavuto okhala ndi kugunda kwa mtima kapena kugunda kwa mtima, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi sitiroko. Nthawi zambiri, kuziika pamtima mwachangu kungakhale kofunikira.

Myocarditis imalumikizananso ndiimfa mwadzidzidzi, pomwe 9% ya omwe amafufuza anthu akuluakulu akuwulula kutupa kwa minofu yamtima. Chiwerengerochi chimadumphira ku 12% pofufuza za achinyamata omwe akuwonetsa kutupa kwa minofu yamtima.

Kodi myocarditis imathandizidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha myocarditis chingaphatikizepo:

• corticosteroid therapy (kuthandiza kuchepetsa kutupa)
• mankhwala amtima, monga beta-blocker, ACE inhibitor, kapena ARB
• kusintha kwamakhalidwe, monga kupumula, kuletsa madzi, komanso kudya mchere wochepa
• mankhwala okhudzana ndi diuretic kuti athetse madzi ochulukirapo
• mankhwala opha tizilombo

Chithandizo chimadalira gwero komanso kuopsa kwa kutupa kwa m'myocardial. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimawongolera ndi njira zoyenera, ndipo mudzachira kwathunthu.

Ngati myocarditis yanu ikupitilira, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani corticosteroid kuti muchepetse kutupa. Akhozanso kulangiza kupumula, kuletsa madzi, komanso kudya mchere wochepa. Thandizo la maantibayotiki lingathandize kuchiza matendawa ngati muli ndi bakiteriya myocarditis. Mankhwala okodzetsa amatha kulamulidwa kuti achotse madzi owonjezera mthupi. Dokotala wanu amathanso kukupatsirani mankhwala omwe amathandiza mtima kugwira ntchito mosavuta.

Pafupifupi mankhwala onsewa amathandizira kuchepetsa ntchito yomwe ili pamtima kuti izitha kudzichiritsa yokha.

Ngati mtima ukulephera, njira zina zowopsa zitha kuchitidwa mchipatala. Kukhazikika kwa pacemaker ndi / kapena defibrillator kungakhale kofunikira. Mtima ukawonongeka kwambiri, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti aike mtima wina.

Kodi zitha kupewedwa?

Palibe njira zothetsera myocarditis, koma kupewa matenda akulu kungathandize. Zina mwa njira zopangira izi ndi monga:

• kuchita zogonana motetezeka
• kukhala mpaka pano ndi katemera
• ukhondo woyenera
• kupewa nkhupakupa

Kodi malingaliro ake ndi otani?

Maganizo a myocarditis amakhala abwino. Malinga ndi Myocarditis Foundation, mwayi woti zibwererenso umakhala pafupifupi 10 mpaka 15%.Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi myocarditis amachira ndipo samakhala ndi zotsatirapo zazitali pamtima pawo.

Pali zambiri zoti mudziwe za myocarditis. Madokotala amakhulupirira kuti myocarditis siinatengere ndipo sanapeze majini alionse osonyeza kuti ndi.