Matenda a Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Zamkati

• Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda a neonatal kupuma kwamavuto?
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda opatsirana a neonatal?
• Kodi zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana opatsirana pogonana ndi ziti?
• Kodi matenda opatsirana pogonana amapezedwa bwanji?
• Kodi njira zochizira matenda opatsirana opatsirana pogonana ndi ziti?
• Kodi ndingapewe bwanji matenda opatsirana pogonana?
• Kodi ndizovuta ziti zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matenda opatsirana opatsirana pogonana?
• Kodi chiyembekezo chanthawi yayitali ndichotani?

Kodi neonatal kupuma kwamatenda matenda?

Mimba yonse imatha milungu 40. Izi zimapatsa mwana wosabadwayo nthawi yakukula. Pakatha milungu 40, ziwalozo zimakhazikika bwino. Mwana akabadwa molawirira kwambiri, mapapu ake sangakule bwino, ndipo mwina sangayende bwino. Mapapu athanzi ndi ofunikira paumoyo wathunthu.

Matenda opatsirana a Neonatal kupuma, kapena neonatal RDS, atha kuchitika ngati mapapo sanakule bwino. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwa makanda asanakwane. Makanda omwe ali ndi RDS akhanda amakhala ovuta kupuma bwinobwino.

Neonatal RDS imadziwikanso kuti hyaline nembanemba matenda komanso kupuma kwamwana kwamatenda.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa matenda a neonatal kupuma kwamavuto?

Surfactant ndichinthu chomwe chimathandiza kuti mapapo akule ndikukula. Zimathandizanso kuti thumba laling'ono la mpweya m'mapapu, lotchedwa alveoli, lotseguka. Makanda asanakwane amakhala opanda mawonekedwe. Izi zitha kuyambitsa mavuto am'mapapo komanso kupuma movutikira.

RDS ikhozanso kuchitika chifukwa cha vuto lokula lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi majini.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda opatsirana a neonatal?

Mapapu ndi ntchito zamapapu zimayamba mu utero. Khanda likangobadwa kumene, chiopsezo cha RDS chimakhala chachikulu. Makanda obadwa asanakwane masabata 28 ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu. Zina mwaziwopsezo ndizo:

• m'bale ndi RDS
• kutenga mimba kangapo (mapasa, atatu)
• Kutaya magazi kwa mwana nthawi yobereka
• kutumizidwa mwaulesi
• shuga amayi

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana opatsirana pogonana ndi ziti?

Khanda limawonetsa zizindikilo za RDS atangobadwa. Komabe, nthawi zina zizindikiro zimayamba pakadutsa maola 24 mwana atabadwa. Zizindikiro zofunika kuziyang'ana zikuphatikizapo:

• utoto wabuluu pakhungu
• kuwuluka kwa mphuno
• kufulumira kapena kupuma pang'ono
• kuchepetsa mkodzo kutulutsa
• akung'ung'udza kwinaku akupuma

Kodi matenda opatsirana pogonana amapezedwa bwanji?

Ngati dokotala akukayikira RDS, adzaitanitsa mayeso a labu kuti athetse matenda omwe angayambitse kupuma. Adzalamulanso X-ray yapachifuwa kuti ayang'ane mapapo. Kusanthula mpweya wamagazi kumawunika kuchuluka kwa oxygen m'magazi.

Kodi njira zochizira matenda opatsirana opatsirana pogonana ndi ziti?

Khanda likabadwa ndi RDS ndipo zizindikilo zake zimawonekera, mwanayo nthawi zambiri amamulowetsa kuchipatala cha NICU.

Mankhwala atatu akulu a RDS ndi awa:

• surfactant m'malo mankhwala
• makina opumira kapena amphuno opitilira muyeso wamagetsi (NCPAP)
• mankhwala a oxygen

Chithandizo chobwezeretsa chopatsa chidwi chimapatsa khanda othandizira omwe alibe. Mankhwalawa amapereka chithandizo kudzera mu chubu lopumira. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zimalowa m'mapapu. Atalandira wogwira ntchitoyo, adokotala amalumikiza mwanayo ndi makina opumira. Izi zimapereka chithandizo chowonjezera cha kupuma. Angafunikire njirayi kangapo, kutengera kukula kwa vutoli.

Khanda limalandiranso chithandizo chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino wokha kuti amuthandize kupuma. Mpweya wopumira umaphatikizapo kuyika chubu pansi pake. Mpweya wopumira kenako upumira mwana wakhanda. Njira yothandizira kupuma movutikira ndimakina osinthasintha am'mlengalenga (NCPAP). Izi zimapereka mpweya kudzera m'mphuno ndi chigoba chaching'ono.

Thandizo la oxygen limapereka mpweya wabwino ku ziwalo za khanda kudzera m'mapapu. Popanda mpweya wokwanira, ziwalo sizigwira ntchito moyenera. Mpweya wabwino kapena NCPAP imatha kupereka mpweya wabwino. Pazovuta kwambiri, mpweya umatha kuperekedwa popanda makina opumira kapena makina amphongo a CPAP.

Kodi ndingapewe bwanji matenda opatsirana pogonana?

Kupewa kubereka msanga kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha ma RDS akhanda. Pofuna kuchepetsa kubereka msanga, pitirizani kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zonse mukuyembekezera komanso kupewa kusuta, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi mowa.

Ngati kubereka msanga kuli kotheka, mayiyo atha kulandira corticosteroids. Mankhwalawa amalimbikitsa kukula kwamapapo mwachangu komanso kupanga opanga ma surfactant, omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti mapapo agwire ntchito.

Kodi ndizovuta ziti zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matenda opatsirana opatsirana pogonana?

Neonatal RDS imatha kukulirakulira m'masiku ochepa oyamba a moyo wamwana. RDS imatha kupha. Pakhoza kukhalanso ndi zovuta zazitali chifukwa cholandila mpweya wochuluka kapena chifukwa ziwalo zilibe mpweya. Zovuta zitha kukhala:

• mpweya womangika m'thumba mozungulira mtima, kapena m'mapapu
• olumala
• khungu
• kuundana kwamagazi
• kutuluka magazi muubongo kapena m'mapapu
• bronchopulmonary dysplasia (matenda opuma)
• mapapu otayika (pneumothorax)
• matenda a magazi
• impso kulephera (mu RDS)

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuopsa kwa zovuta. Zimadalira kuuma kwa RDS ya khanda lanu. Khanda lililonse limasiyana. Izi ndizovuta zovuta; mwina sizingachitike konse. Dokotala wanu amathanso kukulumikirani ku gulu lothandizira kapena mlangizi. Izi zitha kuthandizira kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe okhudzana ndi mwana wakhanda asanabadwe.

Kodi chiyembekezo chanthawi yayitali ndichotani?

Neonatal RDS ikhoza kukhala nthawi yovuta kwa makolo. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wa ana kapena dokotala wakhanda kuti akupatseni upangiri pazinthu zokuthandizani kusamalira zaka zingapo zotsatira za moyo wa mwana wanu. Kuyesanso kowonjezera, kuphatikiza mayeso amaso ndi makutu ndi chithandizo chakuthupi kapena cholankhula, zitha kukhala zofunikira mtsogolo. Funani chithandizo ndi chilimbikitso kuchokera kumagulu othandizira kuti akuthandizeni kuthana ndi kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe.