Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Nephrotic Syndrome

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Zizindikiro za matenda a Nephrotic
• Nephrotic syndrome imayambitsa
• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic
• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic
• Zakudya zamatenda a Nephrotic
• Chithandizo cha matenda a Nephrotic
• Nephrotic syndrome mwa ana
• Nephrotic syndrome mwa akulu
• Nephrotic syndrome matenda
• Zovuta za matenda a nephrotic
• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Nephrotic
• Maganizo a Nephrotic syndrome

Chidule

Nephrotic syndrome imachitika kuwonongeka kwa impso zanu kumapangitsa ziwalozi kutulutsa mapuloteni ambiri mumkodzo wanu.

Nephrotic syndrome siyokha matenda. Matenda omwe amawononga mitsempha yamagazi mu impso zanu amayambitsa matendawa.

Zizindikiro za matenda a Nephrotic

Nephrotic syndrome amadziwika ndi izi:

• kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mumkodzo (proteinuria)
• cholesterol yambiri ndi triglyceride m'magazi (hyperlipidemia)
• mapuloteni ochepa otchedwa albumin m'magazi (hypoalbuminemia)
• kutupa (edema), makamaka m'miyendo ndi m'miyendo, komanso mozungulira maso anu

Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambazi, anthu omwe ali ndi nephrotic syndrome amathanso kukumana ndi izi:

• mkodzo wa thovu
• kunenepa kuchokera kumapangidwe amadzimadzi mthupi
• kutopa
• njala

Nephrotic syndrome imayambitsa

Impso zanu zimadzaza ndi mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi yotchedwa glomeruli. Magazi anu akamadutsa m'mitsempha iyi, madzi ndi zinthu zina zotayika zimasefedwa mkodzo wanu. Mapuloteni ndi zinthu zina zomwe thupi lanu limafunikira zimakhala m'magazi anu.

Nephrotic syndrome imachitika pamene ma glomeruli awonongeka ndipo sangathe kusefa magazi anu moyenera. Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi kumalola mapuloteni kutuluka mumkodzo wanu.

Albumin ndi amodzi mwa mapuloteni omwe adatayika mumkodzo wanu.Albumin imathandizira kukoka madzi owonjezera kuchokera mthupi lanu kulowa mu impso zanu. Timadziti timachotsedwa mumkodzo wanu.

Popanda albumin, thupi lanu limagwira madzi owonjezerawo. Izi zimayambitsa kutupa (edema) m'miyendo yanu, mapazi, akakolo, ndi nkhope.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic

Zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic zimangokhudza impso. Izi zimatchedwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic. Izi ndi monga:

• Magawo azigawo za glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Izi ndizomwe ma glomeruli amakhala ndi zipsera chifukwa cha matenda, chilema chibadwa, kapena chifukwa chosadziwika.
• Membranous nephropathy. Mu matendawa, nembanemba mu glomeruli zimakanika. Zomwe zimayambitsa kukhuthala sizikudziwika, koma zimatha kuchitika limodzi ndi lupus, hepatitis B, malungo, kapena khansa.
• Matenda ochepa osintha. Kwa munthu amene ali ndi matendawa, minofu ya impso imawoneka bwino pansi pa maikulosikopu. Koma pazifukwa zosadziwika, sichimasefa bwino.
• Aimpso mtsempha wamagazi thrombosis. Mu matendawa, magazi amatseka mtsempha womwe umatulutsa magazi kuchokera mu impso.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic

Matenda ena omwe amayambitsa matenda a nephrotic amakhudza thupi lonse. Izi zimatchedwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic. Matendawa atha kuphatikiza:

• Matenda a shuga. Mu matendawa, shuga wosalamulirika wamagazi amatha kuwononga mitsempha yamagazi mthupi lanu lonse, kuphatikizapo impso zanu.
• Lupus. Lupus ndi matenda omwe amadzichititsa okha omwe amachititsa kutupa m'magulu, impso, ndi ziwalo zina.
• Amyloidosis. Matenda osowawa amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni amyloid m'thupi lanu. Amyloid amatha kukula mu impso zanu, mwina chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa impso.

Mankhwala ena, kuphatikiza mankhwala olimbana ndi matenda komanso mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito ma antisteroidal (NSAIDs), nawonso alumikizidwa ndi matenda a nephrotic.

Zakudya zamatenda a Nephrotic

Zakudya ndizofunikira pakuwongolera matenda a nephrotic. Chepetsani mchere womwe mumadya kuti muchepetse kutupa komanso kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti muzimwa madzi ochepa kuti muchepetse kutupa.

Matenda a Nephrotic amatha kukulitsa cholesterol komanso triglyceride, chifukwa chake yesani kudya chakudya chomwe sichikhala ndi mafuta ambiri komanso cholesterol. Izi zingathandizenso kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amtima.

Ngakhale kuti vutoli limakupangitsani kutaya mapuloteni mumkodzo wanu, kudya mapuloteni owonjezera sikuvomerezeka. Zakudya zabwino kwambiri zamapuloteni zimatha kukulitsa matenda a nephrotic. Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe zambiri za zakudya zomwe muyenera kudya ndikupewa mukakhala ndi nephrotic syndrome.

Chithandizo cha matenda a Nephrotic

Dokotala wanu amatha kuchiza zomwe zimayambitsa nephrotic syndrome, komanso zizindikilo za matendawa. Mankhwala osiyanasiyana angagwiritsidwe ntchito kukwaniritsa izi:

• Mankhwala a magazi. Izi zitha kuthandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amatayika mumkodzo. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo ma enzyme otembenuza angiotensin (ACE) inhibitors ndi angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs).
• Okodzetsa. Odzetsa amachititsa impso zanu kutulutsa madzi owonjezera, omwe amachepetsa kutupa. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo zinthu monga furosemide (Lasix) ndi spironolactone (Aldactone).
• Zolemba. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa cholesterol. Zitsanzo zina za madontho ndi monga atorvastatin calcium (Lipitor) ndi lovastatin (Altoprev, Mevacor).
• Opaka magazi. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa magazi anu kutseka ndipo atha kulembedwa ngati mwakhala ndi magazi mu impso zanu. Zitsanzo ndi heparin ndi warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven).
• Matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezedwe ndipo chitha kukhala chothandiza pochiza vuto ngati lupus. Chitsanzo cha mankhwala opondereza chitetezo cha mthupi ndi corticosteroids.

Dokotala wanu angafunenso kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda. Kuti muchite izi, angakulimbikitseni kuti mutenge katemera wa pneumococcal ndikuwombera chimfine chaka chilichonse.

Nephrotic syndrome mwa ana

Onse matenda a pulayimale ndi sekondale amatha kuchitika mwa ana. Pulayimale nephrotic syndrome ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri mwa ana.

Ana ena amatha kukhala ndi china chotchedwa congenital nephrotic syndrome, chomwe chimachitika m'miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya moyo. Izi zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi vuto lobadwa nalo kapena matenda atangobadwa kumene. Ana omwe ali ndi vutoli pamapeto pake angafunike kumuika impso.

Kwa ana, nephrotic syndrome imayambitsa izi:

• malungo, kutopa, kukwiya, ndi zizindikiro zina za matenda
• kusowa chilakolako
• magazi mkodzo
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kuthamanga kwa magazi

Ana omwe ali ndi nephrotic syndrome yaubwana amatenga matenda ambiri kuposa masiku onse. Izi ndichifukwa choti mapuloteni omwe amawateteza kumatenda amatayika mumkodzo wawo. Amathanso kukhala ndi cholesterol m'mwazi.

Nephrotic syndrome mwa akulu

Monga ana, matenda a nephrotic mwa akulu amatha kukhala ndi zoyambitsa komanso zachiwiri. Kwa achikulire, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic syndrome ndi gawo lina la glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).

Vutoli limalumikizidwa ndi malingaliro osauka. Kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mumkodzo ndichofunikira kwambiri pakudziwitsa anthuwa. Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi FSGS ndi nephrotic syndrome amapita kumapeto kwa matenda a impso m'zaka 5 mpaka 10.

Komabe, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic zimathandizanso akulu. Akuti oposa 50 peresenti ya matenda a nephrotic syndrome mwa akuluakulu ali ndi vuto lachiwiri monga matenda ashuga kapena lupus.

Nephrotic syndrome matenda

Kuti mupeze matenda a nephrotic, dokotala wanu azitenga mbiri yanu yazachipatala. Mudzafunsidwa za zizindikiro zanu, mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa, komanso ngati muli ndi zovuta zina.

Dokotala wanu ayeneranso kuyesa zakuthupi. Izi zitha kuphatikizira zinthu monga kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi anu ndikumvetsera mtima wanu.

Mayeso angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuzindikira matenda a nephrotic. Zikuphatikizapo:

• Mayeso amkodzo. Mudzafunsidwa kuti mupereke chitsanzo cha mkodzo. Izi zitha kutumizidwa ku labotale kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi mapuloteni ambiri mumkodzo wanu. Nthawi zina, mungapemphedwe kuti mutenge mkodzo kwa maola 24.
• Kuyesa magazi. M'mayesowa, magazi adzatengedwa kuchokera mumtambo m'manja mwanu. Chitsanzochi chikhoza kusanthula kuti muwone ngati magazi ali ndi impso zonse, kuchuluka kwa magazi a albin, komanso cholesterol komanso triglyceride.
• Ultrasound. Ultrasound imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde akumveka kuti apange chithunzi cha impso zanu. Dokotala wanu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zomwe adapanga kuti aunikire momwe impso zanu zilili.
• Chisokonezo. Pakati pa biopsy, nyemba zazing'ono za impso zidzasonkhanitsidwa. Izi zitha kutumizidwa ku labu kukayezetsa kwina ndipo zitha kuthandiza kudziwa chomwe chingayambitse matenda anu.

Zovuta za matenda a nephrotic

Kutayika kwa mapuloteni m'magazi anu komanso kuwonongeka kwa impso kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Zitsanzo zina za zovuta zomwe munthu yemwe ali ndi nephrotic syndrome angakumane nazo ndi izi:

• Kuundana kwamagazi. Mapuloteni omwe amateteza magazi kuundana amatha kutayika m'mwazi, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chamagazi.
• Cholesterol wokwera ndi triglycerides. Cholesterol ndi ma triglycerides ambiri amatha kumasulidwa m'magazi anu. Izi zitha kukulitsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kuwonongeka kwa impso kumatha kukulitsa zonyansa m'mwazi wanu. Izi zitha kukweza kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Kusowa zakudya m'thupi. Kutaya mapuloteni m'magazi kumatha kubweretsa kuchepa thupi, komwe kumatha kubisidwa ndi kutupa (edema).
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Mumasowa maselo ofiira oti mupite nawo ku ziwalo ndi ziwalo za thupi lanu.
• Matenda a impso. Impso zanu zimatha kusiya kugwira ntchito pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimafunikira dialysis kapena impso.
• Pachimake impso kulephera. Kuwonongeka kwa impso kumatha kuyambitsa impso zanu kusiya kusefa zinyalala, zomwe zimafunikira kulowererapo mwadzidzidzi kudzera mu dialysis.
• Matenda. Anthu omwe ali ndi nephrotic syndrome ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka chotenga matenda, monga chibayo ndi meningitis.
• Chithokomiro chosagwira ntchito (hypothyroidism). Chithokomiro chanu sichimapanga mahomoni okwanira a chithokomiro.
• Mitsempha ya Coronary. Kupindika kwa mitsempha kumachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumafika pamtima.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Nephrotic

Pali zinthu zina zomwe zingakupangitseni pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi nephrotic syndrome. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a impso. Zitsanzo za zinthu ngati izi ndi monga matenda ashuga, lupus, kapena matenda ena a impso.
• Matenda enieni. Pali matenda ena omwe angapangitse ngozi yanu ya nephrotic syndrome, kuphatikizapo HIV, hepatitis B ndi C, ndi malungo.
• Mankhwala. Mankhwala ena olimbana ndi matenda ndi ma NSAID atha kuwonjezera ngozi ya nephrotic syndrome.

Kumbukirani kuti chifukwa choti muli ndi chimodzi mwaziwopsezo sizitanthauza kuti mudzayamba matenda a nephrotic. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuwunika thanzi lanu ndikuwona dokotala ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikilo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi nephrotic syndrome.

Maganizo a Nephrotic syndrome

Maganizo a nephrotic syndrome amatha kusiyanasiyana. Zimatengera zomwe zikuchititsa kuti zichitike komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

Matenda ena omwe amayambitsa matenda a nephrotic amayamba kukhala okha kapena ndi chithandizo. Matendawa akatha, matenda a nephrotic ayenera kusintha.

Komabe, zikhalidwe zina zimatha kubweretsa impso kulephera, ngakhale atalandira chithandizo chamankhwala. Izi zikachitika, dialysis ndipo mwina impso kumuika kudzafunika.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikilo zomwe zikukuvutitsani kapena mukuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi nephrotic syndrome, pitani kaye kuonana ndi dokotala kuti mukakambirane nkhawa zanu.